Received: from malur.postgresql.org ([217.196.149.56]) by arkaria.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (Exim 4.94.2) (envelope-from ) id 1rdbKR-006SOb-7h for pgsql-admin@arkaria.postgresql.org; Fri, 23 Feb 2024 19:35:27 +0000 Received: from localhost ([127.0.0.1] helo=malur.postgresql.org) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtp (Exim 4.94.2) (envelope-from ) id 1rdbKP-002jMP-Q2 for pgsql-admin@arkaria.postgresql.org; Fri, 23 Feb 2024 19:35:26 +0000 Received: from magus.postgresql.org ([2a02:c0:301:0:ffff::29]) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (Exim 4.94.2) (envelope-from ) id 1rdbKP-002jMH-F8 for pgsql-admin@lists.postgresql.org; Fri, 23 Feb 2024 19:35:25 +0000 Received: from mail-pl1-x62f.google.com ([2607:f8b0:4864:20::62f]) by magus.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (Exim 4.94.2) (envelope-from ) id 1rdbKI-000ZNx-U0 for pgsql-admin@lists.postgresql.org; Fri, 23 Feb 2024 19:35:25 +0000 Received: by mail-pl1-x62f.google.com with SMTP id d9443c01a7336-1dc139ed11fso5807335ad.0 for ; Fri, 23 Feb 2024 11:35:18 -0800 (PST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20230601; t=1708716917; x=1709321717; darn=lists.postgresql.org; h=to:in-reply-to:cc:references:message-id:date:subject:mime-version :content-transfer-encoding:from:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id :reply-to; bh=1x+Aw0LO5CnTpZMPauiRLvm/PRCxo1Y+PT41hHR8kBU=; b=M+tKXZEMkZnHwuo4NAz5rsFSFzADdyh/l2hXzt0uOnm380PVqng59106bzGXYXWKxM xtpHI3qWoAcpaylYQbPo3Ma5c/UloD2hJ7o/f3spG14TUGlY2fl7yyj0WWXZKp+xaeu+ Rp/TLCS+xAtcB7tmgiBYKTnl8sgLE1VrXaLdJXsArl1M60Tslgqe+4gUAkUqBD97XfP+ sH4OIOEVelMkUGe1/G+MJ7fmKnIvwgaIRDqSrs8EWTZdC1KDIuddA2gB4cF+mk5C6vhn 8KuMUOctc65mzC7mRlLEdlXqWKge6dn1Zl0expD2xl+1FLs/BLMzJ+YMF/4GNAWoXRIK 9AAQ== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20230601; t=1708716917; x=1709321717; h=to:in-reply-to:cc:references:message-id:date:subject:mime-version :content-transfer-encoding:from:x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc :subject:date:message-id:reply-to; bh=1x+Aw0LO5CnTpZMPauiRLvm/PRCxo1Y+PT41hHR8kBU=; b=pQGy8nKaSSxw4b+dVEwYhutnd7jQJ8wADML+9VsVLeFc+NgQaaHIGsR5ndfsUa4IL/ qQ9fFpA7AnZN9lx8QrkI47+6Q/a72soeFMfEOd0Tz3upX64EyOT6isqaYc9YfbBL4ZPD hMBhm08MHtnpbnY0Tz9O8WlA+aPafclYbdwZLiLGSNyHhOCv33ntscN/GV4NxPzffaeF ULaaDrGAhLO47I+ax6PNwLUDiuowfbv2PdEll5BVNHdtMNfcGumDMM5LqekEDuJYvIlR AbIr4FnTG9h2uFVPjgN3oWNnftb4+qGcfM2kUikoQLook1hEAgx8tYYKc3LelDsKmMn2 zApw== X-Forwarded-Encrypted: i=1; AJvYcCUe9z08brmxycd32JgcL9Puqe2gmo8e+562zquL1QI9dkk1JVj4BG/eTpVvwENLdAOIdcNcwezAeupHmYwxdAZffGb6yVKV7b4hf6fnApvfWw== X-Gm-Message-State: AOJu0YzsrA5cU+UU5ZQXa6OBAEu/J8K4bk17J8d5YLLeG8jVWx2FvZfN 4EAmLx3bCHX+Ut92TtccqDRUSRy8o4tH8JmDFT4p7/8Q1Jv2IeC+ X-Google-Smtp-Source: AGHT+IElvTxahczxVIchvcykSygez7LWP+K1vVI5v21JdgzgjDICRfBv8PneAbjTYiRb8tFZX2797Q== X-Received: by 2002:a17:902:e98d:b0:1db:dba7:84b7 with SMTP id f13-20020a170902e98d00b001dbdba784b7mr810519plb.17.1708716916949; Fri, 23 Feb 2024 11:35:16 -0800 (PST) Received: from smtpclient.apple ([2600:1700:ced0:7620:d17f:2443:7383:eae]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id l1-20020a170902d04100b001dbb14e6feesm11981042pll.189.2024.02.23.11.35.16 (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 bits=128/128); Fri, 23 Feb 2024 11:35:16 -0800 (PST) From: S Hoffman X-Google-Original-From: S Hoffman Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Mime-Version: 1.0 (1.0) Subject: Re: Another way to do audit in DML operations in PostgreSQL >= 14 Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2024 11:35:04 -0800 Message-Id: <17797068-0325-47A4-AF8E-8CA820CB84E4@gmail.com> References: Cc: Lucio Chiessi , PGSql Admin list In-Reply-To: To: Bruce Momjian X-Mailer: iPhone Mail (21D61) List-Id: List-Help: List-Subscribe: List-Post: List-Owner: List-Archive: Archived-At: Precedence: bulk A remote syslog is a good option, too. The method depends on the specific ne= eds, resources, and infrastructure. Remote Syslog can be easier to set up. E= xternal logging solutions scale better, offer more analytical features, and c= an allocate more resources to log management. Try testing these approaches in a staging environment to assess their impact= on performance and to ensure they meet compliance needs. That will be the b= est approach to determine the most beneficial solution. Kind regards, Sondra Sent from my iPhone > On Feb 23, 2024, at 6:29=E2=80=AFAM, Bruce Momjian wrot= e: >=20 > =EF=BB=BFOn Thu, Feb 22, 2024 at 08:54:52PM -0800, S Hoffman wrote: >> Hi Lucio Chiessi, >>=20 >> Dealing with large volumes of data can be a challenging task. If you stru= ggle >> with this issue, one possible solution is to consider using external logg= ing >> services. Specifically, asynchronous logging services or external logging= >> services that are designed to handle streaming data may be effective opti= ons to >> explore. Some popular external logging services in this regard include >> Elasticsearch and Spunk, known for their ability to handle large volumes o= f >> data. If you have any questions or want to explore other options, please l= et me >> know. >=20 > Would remote syslog be an option too? >=20 > -- > Bruce Momjian https://momjian.us > EDB https://enterprisedb.com >=20 > Only you can decide what is important to you.