Received: from malur.postgresql.org ([217.196.149.56]) by arkaria.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (Exim 4.94.2) (envelope-from ) id 1sjslG-0059VQ-6I for pgsql-admin@arkaria.postgresql.org; Fri, 30 Aug 2024 03:57:22 +0000 Received: from localhost ([127.0.0.1] helo=malur.postgresql.org) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtp (Exim 4.94.2) (envelope-from ) id 1sjskG-00DCj0-90 for pgsql-admin@arkaria.postgresql.org; Fri, 30 Aug 2024 03:56:20 +0000 Received: from magus.postgresql.org ([2a02:c0:301:0:ffff::29]) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (Exim 4.94.2) (envelope-from ) id 1sjskF-00DCis-SZ for pgsql-admin@lists.postgresql.org; Fri, 30 Aug 2024 03:56:20 +0000 Received: from mail-yb1-xb29.google.com ([2607:f8b0:4864:20::b29]) by magus.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (Exim 4.94.2) (envelope-from ) id 1sjskC-002Bh1-BX for pgsql-admin@lists.postgresql.org; Fri, 30 Aug 2024 03:56:19 +0000 Received: by mail-yb1-xb29.google.com with SMTP id 3f1490d57ef6-e03caab48a2so1207265276.1 for ; Thu, 29 Aug 2024 20:56:17 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20230601; t=1724990175; x=1725594975; darn=lists.postgresql.org; h=cc:to:subject:message-id:date:from:in-reply-to:references :mime-version:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id:reply-to; bh=ilPl2SFPDChxwY75xfZjX7Rcxx7KHTb8EAO6OP+oc20=; b=CUWysJsbbza/raFWMiRXVUAFUMMbKZn2e2dEMGS4T5Un0nz2dF8nJAJdpZltUut80L 7bli/FEasaH5n85TX/5VprO8fZQPEztSd0oBf24wJHaRlDKP29wHSrovs7h7+UH8V1Vw JvPdHUH3lzKpHWOdkn285eKBcVshDgPmfC6cLjZPBI3beDjz3JH5F4PNoaMeX4oV8ZQP gv8UcSzosK16/J59/nQb4lOan/jpIgPzyrqcsX5oYEaDKhaF4DrpFVcsNZPi5+5wML7f NvnyxYxaGynnyZDgR9U7xBLsRQNqYjCUlH0p+c9Qa8NlCxyaehdt/GSSiBD5/2iMHX9M FPBQ== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20230601; t=1724990175; x=1725594975; h=cc:to:subject:message-id:date:from:in-reply-to:references :mime-version:x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id :reply-to; bh=ilPl2SFPDChxwY75xfZjX7Rcxx7KHTb8EAO6OP+oc20=; b=nMsDSn+vpmNN+2knHiq/dd/J2E1xQ/1yA0byyAI0FZG3sduk2Eu8biw1InpmZ+xjII vqXZM1UYED7zjLwfF0zxSeRgnjz7ppeZtQQ/lh8VTmoMkfzbwRBpGQFaOcAKWvQIWh73 tU4E9GDHabw/8Oh2a5nA5bP2dWH1ycMXYgp24VOSv452B09KNA7/uravEgPMMQVCFWNs ka4KhdeY0I/Ratf3FVy0GPgon5RAATqN95zikE4EhvjhCr90BLzruTip3XpYR1N7js2r HtCmavYOAJ7KmpI25zRV2nl3WKrgLQufwt+mvjdhpQPBZg/5fgtQzTCZ0tn0BWWrp1NE zPEQ== X-Forwarded-Encrypted: i=1; AJvYcCWnEB3ep7+n3zvpz/A7imkoehg9uWLheyM6lTrsa+yXS5MbzKY1nHi4qQTtHIuI8MFwa4ujyX50Kl7P7A==@lists.postgresql.org X-Gm-Message-State: AOJu0YybN6dEbzMn1Mi9hpxW867zLsYGT6IVGlY2kqu4ieLndwQj1R7O OfJ/pdD6jbeDclCCnvgrQ6ORgxvXUDHnKAOd3a7aNFFXq8zpECvD3N7vIJFXf39yl92y5bPSQ9Z cjg5rn//WMLjU3NXegjaLE6A/02g= X-Google-Smtp-Source: AGHT+IHf0m7aR2v+78Np1LEtCZF69QCxHexDxbO+gwbvOE8aXY8n+iRKW3MenFd8K9a0I526nrYPYWV96vgUHYcLu0Y= X-Received: by 2002:a5b:c84:0:b0:e16:4ca7:7acf with SMTP id 3f1490d57ef6-e1a5c649dfamr4617939276.10.1724990175427; Thu, 29 Aug 2024 20:56:15 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 References: <7EC3C979-B261-4183-BBCC-56FD8A8F4B13@icloud.com> In-Reply-To: From: ji hwan song Date: Fri, 30 Aug 2024 12:56:04 +0900 Message-ID: Subject: Re: Postgresql Software Location To: Sam Stearns Cc: Rui DeSousa , Henry Ashu , pgsql-admin@lists.postgresql.org Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="000000000000a5c3f40620de928f" List-Id: List-Help: List-Subscribe: List-Post: List-Owner: List-Archive: Archived-At: Precedence: bulk --000000000000a5c3f40620de928f Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable =EB=A3=A8=ED=8A=B8=EC=97=94 =EC=84=A4=EC=B9=98 =EA=B0=80=EA=B8=89=EC=A0=81 = =ED=95=98=EC=A7=80=EB=A7=88=EC=8B=9C=EA=B3=A0 =EB=B3=84=EB=8F=84=EC=9D=98 = =EA=B3=B5=EA=B0=84=EC=97=90 =ED=8C=8C=EC=9D=BC=EC=8B=9C=EC=8A=A4=ED=85=9C= =EC=9D=84 =EB=A7=8C=EB=93=A4=EA=B3=A0 =ED=95=B4=EB=8B=B9 =EB=AA=85=EC=B9=AD= =EC=9C=BC=EB=A1=9C =EB=A7=81=ED=81=AC=EB=A5=BC =EA=B1=B8=EC=96=B4=EC=A3=BC= =EC=84=B8=EC=9A=94.. 2024=EB=85=84 8=EC=9B=94 30=EC=9D=BC (=EA=B8=88) =EC=98=A4=EC=A0=84 11:34, = Sam Stearns =EB=8B=98=EC=9D=B4 =EC=9E=91=EC=84=B1: > Thanks, Rui! > > On Fri, Aug 30, 2024 at 11:52=E2=80=AFAM Rui DeSousa > wrote: > >> >> >> On Aug 29, 2024, at 2:12 PM, Henry Ashu wrote: >> >> We have installed our postgresql software in this location: >> >> [postgres@testdbapql01 data]$ pwd >> /var/lib/pgsql/16/data >> [postgres@testbapql01 data]$ df -h . >> Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on >> /dev/mapper/rhel-root 28G 4.5G 23G 17% / >> [postgres@testdbapql01 data]$ >> >> Does this look correct? We are thinking that it should not be installed >> on the root filesystem. >> >> Thank you >> >> *Henry Ashu* >> >> Database Administrator >> *o:* 503.672.5114 | *f:* 800.551.8821 | DAT.com >> [image: DAT Solutions] [image: Like us on >> Facebook] [image: Follow us on >> Twitter] [image: Connect with us on >> LinkedIn] [image: Visit >> our YouTube Channel] [image: >> Visit us on Instagram] >> >> >> Yes, it is better to have more mount points than not. Root should be it= s >> own mount point; OSs do not like when the root volume is full thus it is >> normally a very small filesystem. >> >> Disclaimer: I=E2=80=99ve seen servers with a single mount point /. A lo= t of >> devops servers are setup with a single mount point for the entire OS. >> Seems like that is the case with your system. The reason to have multip= le >> filesystem is space management, mount point options, and filesystem >> corruption. I haven=E2=80=99t had the need to run fsck in decades until= last >> month. An xfs volume was corrupted and even fsck couldn=E2=80=99t fix i= t; had to >> resort to a filesystem snapshot. >> >> I normally have three; >> >> 1. /var/log =E2=80=94 for log files via syslog. You don=E2=80=99t want = a run away >> application to full up the log directory and crash the server. >> 2. $PGDATA =E2=80=94 data volume >> 3. $PGDATA/pg_wal =E2=80=94 Normally, I=E2=80=99m using ZFS with differe= nt filesystem >> properties. It=E2=80=99s also a good idea to manage the space separatel= y. >> >> As far as absolute mount points that=E2=80=99s a preference; my current = gig is >> using the following with the instance names as a directory under those >> mount points. >> >> /pg_data >> /pg_wal >> >> >> >> > > -- > > *Samuel Stearns* > Lead Database Administrator > *c:* 971 762 6879 | *o:* 503 672 5115 | DAT.com > [image: DAT] > > --000000000000a5c3f40620de928f Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

=EB=A3=A8=ED=8A=B8=EC=97=94 =EC=84=A4=EC=B9=98 =EA=B0=80=EA= =B8=89=EC=A0=81 =ED=95=98=EC=A7=80=EB=A7=88=EC=8B=9C=EA=B3=A0 =EB=B3=84=EB= =8F=84=EC=9D=98 =EA=B3=B5=EA=B0=84=EC=97=90 =ED=8C=8C=EC=9D=BC=EC=8B=9C=EC= =8A=A4=ED=85=9C=EC=9D=84 =EB=A7=8C=EB=93=A4=EA=B3=A0 =ED=95=B4=EB=8B=B9 =EB= =AA=85=EC=B9=AD=EC=9C=BC=EB=A1=9C =EB=A7=81=ED=81=AC=EB=A5=BC =EA=B1=B8=EC= =96=B4=EC=A3=BC=EC=84=B8=EC=9A=94..


2024= =EB=85=84 8=EC=9B=94 30=EC=9D=BC (=EA=B8=88) =EC=98=A4=EC=A0=84 11:34, Sam = Stearns <sam.stearns@dat.com&= gt;=EB=8B=98=EC=9D=B4 =EC=9E=91=EC=84=B1:
Thanks, Rui!

On Fri, Aug 30, 2024 at 11:52=E2=80=AFA= M Rui DeSousa <rui.desousa@icloud.com> wrote:


On Aug 29, 2024, at 2:12 PM, Henry Ashu <henry.ashu@da= t.com> wrote:

We have installed our p= ostgresql software in this location:=C2=A0

[postgres@tes= tdbapql01 data]$ pwd
/var/lib/pgsql/16/data
[postgres@testbapql01 dat= a]$ df -h .
Filesystem =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 Size = =C2=A0Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root =C2=A0 28G =C2=A0= 4.5G =C2=A0 23G =C2=A017% /
[postgres@testdbapql01 data]$

=
Does this look correct? We are thinking that it should not be in= stalled on the root filesystem.

Thank you

Henry Ashu

D= atabase Administrator
o:=C2=A0503.672.5114=C2=A0|=C2=A0f:=C2=A0800.= 551.8821=C2=A0|=C2=A0DAT.com=

=C2= =A0 =C2=A0=C2=A03D"Like=C2=A0=C2=A03D==C2=A0=C2=A03D"Connect=C2=A0=C2=A0=3D"Visit=C2=A0=C2=A0<= a href=3D"https://instagram.com/dat_solutions" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"nor= eferrer">3D"Visit

Yes, it is better to have more mount poin= ts than not.=C2=A0 Root should be its own mount point; OSs do not like when= the root volume is full thus it is normally a very small filesystem.
=

Disclaimer: I=E2=80=99ve seen servers with a singl= e mount point /.=C2=A0 A lot of devops servers are setup with a single moun= t point for the entire OS.=C2=A0 Seems like that is the case with your syst= em.=C2=A0 The reason to have multiple filesystem is space management, mount= point options, and filesystem corruption.=C2=A0 I haven=E2=80=99t had the = need to run fsck in decades until last month.=C2=A0 An xfs volume was corru= pted and even fsck couldn=E2=80=99t fix it; had to resort to a filesystem s= napshot. =C2=A0

I normally have three;=C2=A0=

1. /var/log =E2=80=94 for log files via syslog.= =C2=A0 You don=E2=80=99t want a run away application to full up the log dir= ectory and crash the server. =C2=A0
2. $PGDATA =E2=80=94 data vol= ume=C2=A0
3. $PGDATA/pg_wal =E2=80=94 Normally, I=E2=80=99m using= ZFS with different filesystem properties.=C2=A0 It=E2=80=99s also a good i= dea to manage the space separately.

As far as abso= lute mount points that=E2=80=99s a preference; my current gig is using the = following with the instance names as a directory under those mount points.<= /div>

/pg_data
/pg_wal





--
<= div dir=3D"ltr" class=3D"gmail_signature">

Samuel Stearns
Lead Database Administrator
c:=C2=A0= 971 762 6879=C2=A0|=C2=A0o:=C2=A0503 672 5115=C2=A0|=C2=A0DAT.com

3D"DAT"
--000000000000a5c3f40620de928f--