Received: from malur.postgresql.org ([217.196.149.56]) by arkaria.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (Exim 4.96) (envelope-from ) id 1wHzkt-007gqA-2k for pgsql-general@arkaria.postgresql.org; Wed, 29 Apr 2026 07:54:48 +0000 Received: from localhost ([127.0.0.1] helo=malur.postgresql.org) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtp (Exim 4.96) (envelope-from ) id 1wHzkt-002Oxq-0B for pgsql-general@arkaria.postgresql.org; Wed, 29 Apr 2026 07:54:47 +0000 Received: from magus.postgresql.org ([2a02:c0:301:0:ffff::29]) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (Exim 4.96) (envelope-from ) id 1wHzks-002OxY-2C for pgsql-general@lists.postgresql.org; Wed, 29 Apr 2026 07:54:46 +0000 Received: from mail-wm1-x32c.google.com ([2a00:1450:4864:20::32c]) by magus.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (Exim 4.98.2) (envelope-from ) id 1wHzkq-00000003lJ9-1a90 for pgsql-general@postgresql.org; Wed, 29 Apr 2026 07:54:46 +0000 Received: by mail-wm1-x32c.google.com with SMTP id 5b1f17b1804b1-48374014a77so156885625e9.3 for ; Wed, 29 Apr 2026 00:54:43 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=cybertec.at; s=google; t=1777449282; x=1778054082; darn=postgresql.org; h=mime-version:user-agent:content-transfer-encoding:references :in-reply-to:date:to:from:subject:message-id:from:to:cc:subject:date :message-id:reply-to; bh=nbU2x2pMaR8bhXh4+uPDhbK06wXWd0vPIiFOONQTTxY=; b=Esu5S+yTjGQCe+v7EC70sKAVLSjeNTXEZgVqR0lV5H2e6ia2+VBFX5Bc0dvc3aOAS2 twwdTdKDoBf2XlwKYflyKivt08KzByhsVTqhWuLMxcdVt3sqJAkDX74v/OFCafuEUj44 duB9ms0s/X9ANEcupSP0qb5W+AXJkWKwUbebf8/9USbs7JTi5E8Ge4LhA22Ab/xSDuWE LsZLaEj1Mnvoit3rkmmE+LcgT4okxPV13NRkBkN2K3tJiLamHAsqoUqQsyg+W50XsHET VnZ6EYl9JTZxT4AbkCHOHWC2BjMyfyQuJrpU26r7KahB9YHX3pIqZc9mkCTp6XVexk7K wC8A== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20251104; t=1777449282; x=1778054082; h=mime-version:user-agent:content-transfer-encoding:references :in-reply-to:date:to:from:subject:message-id:x-gm-gg :x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id:reply-to; bh=nbU2x2pMaR8bhXh4+uPDhbK06wXWd0vPIiFOONQTTxY=; b=FSJ6B51+dmhfEl3d6YxYcTgyGLVIdkX7fMTfVJxWJuY7NILbYbTWz8Cn7tzK77x+Yy sURq0hj0/Zm1rU4H3CBrSdcNU1bfmAb53DJ2YoTkQZfet2lxPLrU4K5b2ntMYqNF5qis 5+VGqdOJUl4WJHOKw9/L41ryPngMp+LpbvOrAoZOj9+6JTwFuYWA2CkW/x2iKXxIy3/I BrCl9dvELGrOsIR/g0zFaH/U5nwURmc2CgXLTn910Z+Hzeda6b3uI4+V07dQi8C55GsL VZYELhlV6b6SBz3NMjK9m+jM/3K9Z/TUtPCIPX7u8vVou8s+IjXqPE4wziZBuGAcrkOd 6U3A== X-Forwarded-Encrypted: i=1; AFNElJ/DikSObLu8+XIHVnDWuzncxNu4WpTVBWbVilRV1AeYJqupW6DrUWBtM17ILrV69O66j8RM0pTqvW/PF6iC@postgresql.org X-Gm-Message-State: AOJu0YwautPb+lCwOC16AOPWpKgXvIDnE9ddLN2GA1ryWBqMMnQBw+AY HDt691cZQdqyOOAhgm92N4GYCpYdSUi5bYgXbzl7MTaiosb9n/yQytEAqYpW4Lozh+I= X-Gm-Gg: AeBDieu4u/Qh/0T3Eeaw6zVyce6UjRXQv4HZWndr5l3COpQPPhzB9psP+rSs/HEO3/z hi+bBu0n5iYq9UX4p74L6eXbeogSgNPd1mhc2E7GAJc3/pl1f/ebzA2kcKxzvqYdjjDHpZ4Yqsr uJd23xYitaQb4AthoocY65RME7+DvXRUZ/Ekk/pIKoZemAKU3/Fd3KRQiL/KyATBzRY5Kkve1tI 0KQ8jPkoU/Ns4HSnv5P3+HgjETgNHJN4YQhUoZyO0kTo/5vz7g0T8utG+q6JBMkPkPdW1nHQ2Wx ypT0+CMAKbachXLd+vCV2fMoodWA0EPvzsO4ad7o5B7jR2g4AZJbaci6+rF72DJnsFnFpLc4LmP 4WGQJ60rUX3mHPH1gNPAwPGRs+ptee1dVBBeWOJPGHTWUbjbO0LH2gDRyKgpuk1cwBpF/exru9P TexpHefnRHLuCpQAt57V28GeYkSVj0RCXYCrl6nuCb2yzsA1dXFJN+lUWSQwo3ffA= X-Received: by 2002:a05:600c:1d8c:b0:48a:568f:ae82 with SMTP id 5b1f17b1804b1-48a77adfebfmr112368325e9.10.1777449282054; Wed, 29 Apr 2026 00:54:42 -0700 (PDT) Received: from laurenz.albe-K4N0CV00F97414D ([88.116.133.170]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id ffacd0b85a97d-447b4216604sm4671997f8f.10.2026.04.29.00.54.41 (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Wed, 29 Apr 2026 00:54:41 -0700 (PDT) Message-ID: <3dc31e0b6f47cb7b5f6bb78f2dd759364fedf69c.camel@cybertec.at> Subject: Re: Describing the natural architecture for an internet-facing Postgres based app: feedback sought From: Laurenz Albe To: Guyren Howe , PostgreSQL General Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2026 09:54:41 +0200 In-Reply-To: <39f640d6-2a39-48c2-90b0-4adffe63bfc7@Spark> References: <4237964E-B88B-4F6B-AD3D-FD67C17ED480@relevantlogic.com> <39f640d6-2a39-48c2-90b0-4adffe63bfc7@Spark> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable User-Agent: Evolution 3.58.3 (3.58.3-1.fc43) MIME-Version: 1.0 List-Id: List-Help: List-Subscribe: List-Post: List-Owner: List-Archive: Archived-At: Precedence: bulk On Wed, 2026-04-29 at 15:42 +1000, Guyren Howe wrote: > If you=E2=80=99re doing a larger application, you=E2=80=99re probably sha= rding anyway. > If you have more database servers and fewer web servers, is that actually= an issue? No, but sharding is absolutely non-trivial. Your application has to be des= igned for it, and your data must be so that they can be split across shards with = as few interconnections as possible. Spinning up more application servers is much= easier. Yours, Laurenz Albe