Received: from malur.postgresql.org ([217.196.149.56]) by arkaria.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (Exim 4.96) (envelope-from ) id 1vgSSN-00DElO-2D for pgsql-general@arkaria.postgresql.org; Thu, 15 Jan 2026 18:52:32 +0000 Received: from localhost ([127.0.0.1] helo=malur.postgresql.org) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtp (Exim 4.96) (envelope-from ) id 1vgSSM-0007wf-2W for pgsql-general@arkaria.postgresql.org; Thu, 15 Jan 2026 18:52:31 +0000 Received: from magus.postgresql.org ([2a02:c0:301:0:ffff::29]) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (Exim 4.96) (envelope-from ) id 1vgSSM-0007wX-1T for pgsql-general@lists.postgresql.org; Thu, 15 Jan 2026 18:52:30 +0000 Received: from fhigh-a2-smtp.messagingengine.com ([103.168.172.153]) by magus.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (Exim 4.96) (envelope-from ) id 1vgSSK-000ffD-2L for pgsql-general@postgresql.org; Thu, 15 Jan 2026 18:52:30 +0000 Received: from phl-compute-02.internal (phl-compute-02.internal [10.202.2.42]) by mailfhigh.phl.internal (Postfix) with ESMTP id 66804140013E; Thu, 15 Jan 2026 13:52:26 -0500 (EST) Received: from phl-frontend-04 ([10.202.2.163]) by phl-compute-02.internal (MEProxy); Thu, 15 Jan 2026 13:52:26 -0500 DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=aklaver.com; h= cc:cc:content-transfer-encoding:content-type:content-type:date :date:from:from:in-reply-to:in-reply-to:message-id:mime-version :references:reply-to:subject:subject:to:to; s=fm1; t=1768503146; x=1768589546; bh=dvjR3lA+HYY/ta5aIx0Dhg7jBKA7lxao7AqcXzMmx0g=; b= aRikfLGuwLS2voTK6zfnZ/41mtUqFY2LnPGdCE/4FoR9Ek6asf2ZEAYBjGddwwvH 59W7NC8nX+DaMEkgit+ZwVvgOiiqh06gwLUJihMAYvhom4WhBx62dmJdid1HigNQ Co8UnUEQD/A1mF44RG7BldtiA6qJ72WF6OBwxlgv2ECF9BbkGMU/ST2snJpGwSmy L5kxIQomXgxMqr71j6XRFGgBdd+ZZZkJQaOjK2ctJbmVWGxqzJIgnrcgse8kS+ZV g2Zf3rfEX8/8vNqHzcCiwEjthbvosiuEDoS2Y4w3OIWr9CJ6Gre/gCi7ao15lGnP D/urz3vW2PMc9bF6x/0jfQ== DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d= messagingengine.com; h=cc:cc:content-transfer-encoding :content-type:content-type:date:date:feedback-id:feedback-id :from:from:in-reply-to:in-reply-to:message-id:mime-version :references:reply-to:subject:subject:to:to:x-me-proxy :x-me-sender:x-me-sender:x-sasl-enc; s=fm2; t=1768503146; x= 1768589546; bh=dvjR3lA+HYY/ta5aIx0Dhg7jBKA7lxao7AqcXzMmx0g=; b=J RXnnAPPg8rqjZNBt5a5Lm6vr7oQNCYc94M6v+7GgZa+AOLJ1jDmul85fh5h/ZSJf 1JDskjS6bp9zbK4MrQRod895Fxm0qO+sIwpG1S37WhElMgwqbNHSeWLle/SeXZqP FoDcmsRb3Ojr+KVVKecTztax6WZHefe/v1tdC3jb1CUVFyfYWUG086eqVUniKPuT p5eone3nDo4IrNxqKdx1YuG/VbcCP1oUwbI/4uJclPewaiFboEogmhpgLk5yt9mI ACya2FMeDo3sviW+9vFm7ahCw88utUq/jeQBNmyC1x0/YYDmwuYCXu0fnbAtWPxo 4VPuz3MsppJG9pAMoLq0g== X-ME-Sender: X-ME-Received: X-ME-Proxy-Cause: gggruggvucftvghtrhhoucdtuddrgeefgedrtddtgdduvdeikedvucetufdoteggodetrf dotffvucfrrhhofhhilhgvmecuhfgrshhtofgrihhlpdfurfetoffkrfgpnffqhgenuceu rghilhhouhhtmecufedttdenucenucfjughrpefkffggfgfuvfevfhfhjggtgfesthejre dttddvjeenucfhrhhomheptegurhhirghnucfmlhgrvhgvrhcuoegrughrihgrnhdrkhhl rghvvghrsegrkhhlrghvvghrrdgtohhmqeenucggtffrrghtthgvrhhnpefhveeihfevle fffedthedukeevfefhfedtgeeifeevteffgfefhedtffetudettdenucevlhhushhtvghr ufhiiigvpedtnecurfgrrhgrmhepmhgrihhlfhhrohhmpegrughrihgrnhdrkhhlrghvvg hrsegrkhhlrghvvghrrdgtohhmpdhnsggprhgtphhtthhopedvpdhmohguvgepshhmthhp ohhuthdprhgtphhtthhopehmrghilhdvshhonhihvddtuddtsehgmhgrihhlrdgtohhmpd hrtghpthhtohepphhgshhqlhdqghgvnhgvrhgrlhesphhoshhtghhrvghsqhhlrdhorhhg X-ME-Proxy: Feedback-ID: i76984098:Fastmail Received: by mail.messagingengine.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA; Thu, 15 Jan 2026 13:52:25 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: Date: Thu, 15 Jan 2026 10:52:25 -0800 MIME-Version: 1.0 User-Agent: Mozilla Thunderbird Subject: Re: How did VACUUM ANALYZE reclaim large TOAST bloat at disk level in PostgreSQL 16? To: pramod gupta Cc: pgsql-general References: <7ae94444-a4cd-45da-b8c8-308cd46fc391@aklaver.com> <722db7f0-2d89-48ef-8f0f-9ae4191d5817@aklaver.com> Content-Language: en-US From: Adrian Klaver In-Reply-To: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit List-Id: List-Help: List-Subscribe: List-Post: List-Owner: List-Archive: Archived-At: Precedence: bulk On 1/15/26 10:22, pramod gupta wrote: > postgres@ANRPGTEST01:~$ echo $HOME > /var/lib/postgresql > postgres@ANRPGTEST01:~$ > Should have added to previous post: Another thing to try is copy/move .pg_ai.config to your home directory and run psql from there. -- Adrian Klaver adrian.klaver@aklaver.com