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From: Daniel Verite <[email protected]>
To: Laurenz Albe <[email protected]>
Cc: Ron Johnson <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Subject: Re: Choosing default collation/ctype
Date: Tue, 05 May 2026 13:16:14 +0200
Message-ID: <[email protected]> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <[email protected]>

	Laurenz Albe wrote:

> > So if you target Postgres 17+, C.UTF-8 from the builtin provider is
> > a better choice for UTF-8 databases than "C" .
> 
> Yes, "builtin" and the "C" collation is the best default value.

But my point was that, no, it's not.
Let's show a concrete example with Postgres 18:

postgres=# create database dbc 
template='template0'
locale_provider='builtin'
builtin_locale='C'   ;
CREATE DATABASE

postgres=# \c dbc
You are now connected to database "dbc" as user "postgres".

dbc=# select upper('été');
 upper 
-------
 éTé
(1 row)

It is not the correct uppercasing. On the other hand the "C.UTF-8"
locale, as opposed to "C", produces the correct result.

postgres=# create database dbcutf8 
template='template0'
locale_provider='builtin'
builtin_locale='C.UTF-8' ;
CREATE DATABASE

postgres=# \c dbcutf8
You are now connected to database "dbcutf8" as user "postgres".

dbcutf8=# select upper('été');
 upper 
-------
 ÉTÉ
(1 row)


Best regards,
-- 
Daniel Vérité 
https://postgresql.verite.pro/

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