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[PATCH 8/9] Define multi-minmax oclasses for types without distance
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* [PATCH 8/9] Define multi-minmax oclasses for types without distance
@ 2021-02-03 18:12  Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 3+ messages in thread

From: Tomas Vondra @ 2021-02-03 18:12 UTC (permalink / raw)

The existing multi-minmax opclasses rely on "distance" function when
deciding how to build the ranges, covering all the values. In principle,
those opclasses try to minimize the lengths of ranges, i.e. maximize the
lengths of "gaps" between them.

For some data types it's hard to construct a distance function - types
like "text" or "name" generally serve as labels, and may have ordering
only. So this uses a different approach, based on the observation that
it's the outliers that "break" BRIN minmax indexes, i.e. the lowest and
highest values. So simply sort the values, keep the (K-2) extreme values
on either tail, and build a single range representing the values in the
middle. Of course, the question is whether this is actually useful, but
that's hard to judge, and it's the best we can do.
---
 src/backend/access/brin/brin_minmax_multi.c |  75 ++++++++++++
 src/include/catalog/pg_amop.dat             | 119 ++++++++++++++++++++
 src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat           | 113 +++++++++++++++++++
 src/include/catalog/pg_opclass.dat          |  21 ++++
 src/include/catalog/pg_opfamily.dat         |  14 +++
 5 files changed, 342 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/backend/access/brin/brin_minmax_multi.c b/src/backend/access/brin/brin_minmax_multi.c
index fd85c18d83..c77c207e94 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/brin/brin_minmax_multi.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/brin/brin_minmax_multi.c
@@ -1210,6 +1210,9 @@ build_distances(FmgrInfo *distanceFn, Oid colloid,
 
 	Assert(ncranges >= 2);
 
+	if (!distanceFn)
+		return NULL;
+
 	distances = (DistanceValue *) palloc0(sizeof(DistanceValue) * (ncranges - 1));
 
 	/*
@@ -1298,6 +1301,70 @@ count_values(CombineRange *cranges, int ncranges)
 }
 #endif
 
+
+static int
+reduce_combine_ranges_simple(CombineRange *cranges, int ncranges,
+							 int max_values, FmgrInfo *cmp, Oid colloid)
+{
+	int		i;
+	int		nvalues;
+	Datum  *values;
+
+	compare_context cxt;
+
+	/* number of values to keep on each tail */
+	int tail = (max_values - 2) / 2;
+	int m = Min(tail / 2, ncranges - 1 / 2);
+
+	/* allocate space for the boundary values */
+	nvalues = 0;
+	values = (Datum *) palloc(sizeof(Datum) * max_values);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
+	{
+		/* head */
+		values[nvalues++] = cranges[i].minval;
+		values[nvalues++] = cranges[i].maxval;
+
+		/* tail */
+		values[nvalues++] = cranges[ncranges - 1 - i].minval;
+		values[nvalues++] = cranges[ncranges - 1 - i].maxval;
+	}
+
+	/* middle part */
+	values[nvalues++] = cranges[m].maxval;
+	values[nvalues++] = cranges[ncranges - 1 - m].minval;
+
+	/* We should have even number of range values. */
+	Assert(nvalues % 2 == 0);
+
+	/* sort the values */
+	cxt.colloid = colloid;
+	cxt.cmpFn = cmp;
+
+	/*
+	 * Sort the values using the comparator function, and form ranges
+	 * from the sorted result.
+	 */
+	qsort_arg(values, nvalues, sizeof(Datum),
+			  compare_values, (void *) &cxt);
+
+	/* We have nvalues boundary values, which means nvalues/2 ranges. */
+	for (i = 0; i < (nvalues / 2); i++)
+	{
+		cranges[i].minval = values[2*i];
+		cranges[i].maxval = values[2*i + 1];
+
+		/* if the boundary values are the same, it's a collapsed range */
+		cranges[i].collapsed = (compare_values(&values[2*i],
+											   &values[2*i+1],
+											   &cxt) == 0);
+	}
+
+	return (nvalues / 2);
+}
+
+
 /*
  * reduce_combine_ranges
  *		reduce the ranges until the number of values is low enough
@@ -1366,6 +1433,14 @@ reduce_combine_ranges(CombineRange *cranges, int ncranges,
 	if (keep >= ndistances)
 		return ncranges;
 
+	/*
+	 * Without distances, we use a simple approach keeping as many
+	 * outliers as possible.
+	 */
+	if (!distances)
+		return reduce_combine_ranges_simple(cranges, ncranges, max_values,
+											cmp, colloid);
+
 	/* sort the values */
 	cxt.colloid = colloid;
 	cxt.cmpFn = cmp;
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_amop.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_amop.dat
index 8135854163..5cf820f04b 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_amop.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_amop.dat
@@ -1814,6 +1814,23 @@
   amoprighttype => 'bytea', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(bytea,bytea)',
   amopmethod => 'brin' },
 
+# minmax multi bytea
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bytea',
+  amoprighttype => 'bytea', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '<(bytea,bytea)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bytea',
+  amoprighttype => 'bytea', amopstrategy => '2', amopopr => '<=(bytea,bytea)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bytea',
+  amoprighttype => 'bytea', amopstrategy => '3', amopopr => '=(bytea,bytea)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bytea',
+  amoprighttype => 'bytea', amopstrategy => '4', amopopr => '>=(bytea,bytea)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bytea',
+  amoprighttype => 'bytea', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(bytea,bytea)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+
 # bloom bytea
 { amopfamily => 'brin/bytea_bloom_ops', amoplefttype => 'bytea',
   amoprighttype => 'bytea', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '=(bytea,bytea)',
@@ -1836,6 +1853,23 @@
   amoprighttype => 'char', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(char,char)',
   amopmethod => 'brin' },
 
+# minmax multi "char"
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'char',
+  amoprighttype => 'char', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '<(char,char)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'char',
+  amoprighttype => 'char', amopstrategy => '2', amopopr => '<=(char,char)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'char',
+  amoprighttype => 'char', amopstrategy => '3', amopopr => '=(char,char)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'char',
+  amoprighttype => 'char', amopstrategy => '4', amopopr => '>=(char,char)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'char',
+  amoprighttype => 'char', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(char,char)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+
 # bloom "char"
 { amopfamily => 'brin/char_bloom_ops', amoplefttype => 'char',
   amoprighttype => 'char', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '=(char,char)',
@@ -1858,6 +1892,23 @@
   amoprighttype => 'name', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(name,name)',
   amopmethod => 'brin' },
 
+# minmax multi name
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'name',
+  amoprighttype => 'name', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '<(name,name)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'name',
+  amoprighttype => 'name', amopstrategy => '2', amopopr => '<=(name,name)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'name',
+  amoprighttype => 'name', amopstrategy => '3', amopopr => '=(name,name)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'name',
+  amoprighttype => 'name', amopstrategy => '4', amopopr => '>=(name,name)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'name',
+  amoprighttype => 'name', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(name,name)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+
 # bloom name
 { amopfamily => 'brin/name_bloom_ops', amoplefttype => 'name',
   amoprighttype => 'name', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '=(name,name)',
@@ -2186,6 +2237,23 @@
   amoprighttype => 'text', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(text,text)',
   amopmethod => 'brin' },
 
+# minmax multi text
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'text',
+  amoprighttype => 'text', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '<(text,text)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'text',
+  amoprighttype => 'text', amopstrategy => '2', amopopr => '<=(text,text)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'text',
+  amoprighttype => 'text', amopstrategy => '3', amopopr => '=(text,text)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'text',
+  amoprighttype => 'text', amopstrategy => '4', amopopr => '>=(text,text)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'text',
+  amoprighttype => 'text', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(text,text)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+
 # bloom text
 { amopfamily => 'brin/text_bloom_ops', amoplefttype => 'text',
   amoprighttype => 'text', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '=(text,text)',
@@ -2562,6 +2630,23 @@
   amoprighttype => 'bpchar', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(bpchar,bpchar)',
   amopmethod => 'brin' },
 
+# minmax multi character
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bpchar_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bpchar',
+  amoprighttype => 'bpchar', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '<(bpchar,bpchar)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bpchar_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bpchar',
+  amoprighttype => 'bpchar', amopstrategy => '2',
+  amopopr => '<=(bpchar,bpchar)', amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bpchar_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bpchar',
+  amoprighttype => 'bpchar', amopstrategy => '3', amopopr => '=(bpchar,bpchar)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bpchar_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bpchar',
+  amoprighttype => 'bpchar', amopstrategy => '4',
+  amopopr => '>=(bpchar,bpchar)', amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bpchar_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bpchar',
+  amoprighttype => 'bpchar', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(bpchar,bpchar)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+
 # bloom character
 { amopfamily => 'brin/bpchar_bloom_ops', amoplefttype => 'bpchar',
   amoprighttype => 'bpchar', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '=(bpchar,bpchar)',
@@ -3007,6 +3092,23 @@
   amoprighttype => 'bit', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(bit,bit)',
   amopmethod => 'brin' },
 
+# minmax multi bit
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bit',
+  amoprighttype => 'bit', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '<(bit,bit)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bit',
+  amoprighttype => 'bit', amopstrategy => '2', amopopr => '<=(bit,bit)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bit',
+  amoprighttype => 'bit', amopstrategy => '3', amopopr => '=(bit,bit)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bit',
+  amoprighttype => 'bit', amopstrategy => '4', amopopr => '>=(bit,bit)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'bit',
+  amoprighttype => 'bit', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(bit,bit)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+
 # minmax bit varying
 { amopfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_ops', amoplefttype => 'varbit',
   amoprighttype => 'varbit', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '<(varbit,varbit)',
@@ -3024,6 +3126,23 @@
   amoprighttype => 'varbit', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(varbit,varbit)',
   amopmethod => 'brin' },
 
+# minmax multi bit varying
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'varbit',
+  amoprighttype => 'varbit', amopstrategy => '1', amopopr => '<(varbit,varbit)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'varbit',
+  amoprighttype => 'varbit', amopstrategy => '2',
+  amopopr => '<=(varbit,varbit)', amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'varbit',
+  amoprighttype => 'varbit', amopstrategy => '3', amopopr => '=(varbit,varbit)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'varbit',
+  amoprighttype => 'varbit', amopstrategy => '4',
+  amopopr => '>=(varbit,varbit)', amopmethod => 'brin' },
+{ amopfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_multi_ops', amoplefttype => 'varbit',
+  amoprighttype => 'varbit', amopstrategy => '5', amopopr => '>(varbit,varbit)',
+  amopmethod => 'brin' },
+
 # minmax numeric
 { amopfamily => 'brin/numeric_minmax_ops', amoplefttype => 'numeric',
   amoprighttype => 'numeric', amopstrategy => '1',
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat
index 51403716b1..69a7ed682c 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat
@@ -805,6 +805,22 @@
 { amprocfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_ops', amproclefttype => 'bytea',
   amprocrighttype => 'bytea', amprocnum => '4', amproc => 'brin_minmax_union' },
 
+# minmax multi bytea
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bytea',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bytea', amprocnum => '1',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_opcinfo' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bytea',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bytea', amprocnum => '2',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_add_value' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bytea',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bytea', amprocnum => '3',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_consistent' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bytea',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bytea', amprocnum => '4', amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_union' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bytea',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bytea', amprocnum => '5',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_options' },
+
 # bloom bytea
 { amprocfamily => 'brin/bytea_bloom_ops', amproclefttype => 'bytea',
   amprocrighttype => 'bytea', amprocnum => '1',
@@ -836,6 +852,22 @@
 { amprocfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_ops', amproclefttype => 'char',
   amprocrighttype => 'char', amprocnum => '4', amproc => 'brin_minmax_union' },
 
+# minmax multi "char"
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'char',
+  amprocrighttype => 'char', amprocnum => '1',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_opcinfo' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'char',
+  amprocrighttype => 'char', amprocnum => '2',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_add_value' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'char',
+  amprocrighttype => 'char', amprocnum => '3',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_consistent' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'char',
+  amprocrighttype => 'char', amprocnum => '4', amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_union' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'char',
+  amprocrighttype => 'char', amprocnum => '5',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_options' },
+
 # bloom "char"
 { amprocfamily => 'brin/char_bloom_ops', amproclefttype => 'char',
   amprocrighttype => 'char', amprocnum => '1',
@@ -867,6 +899,22 @@
 { amprocfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_ops', amproclefttype => 'name',
   amprocrighttype => 'name', amprocnum => '4', amproc => 'brin_minmax_union' },
 
+# minmax multi name
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'name',
+  amprocrighttype => 'name', amprocnum => '1',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_opcinfo' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'name',
+  amprocrighttype => 'name', amprocnum => '2',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_add_value' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'name',
+  amprocrighttype => 'name', amprocnum => '3',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_consistent' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'name',
+  amprocrighttype => 'name', amprocnum => '4', amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_union' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'name',
+  amprocrighttype => 'name', amprocnum => '5',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_options' },
+
 # bloom name
 { amprocfamily => 'brin/name_bloom_ops', amproclefttype => 'name',
   amprocrighttype => 'name', amprocnum => '1',
@@ -1197,6 +1245,22 @@
 { amprocfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_ops', amproclefttype => 'text',
   amprocrighttype => 'text', amprocnum => '4', amproc => 'brin_minmax_union' },
 
+# minmax multi text
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'text',
+  amprocrighttype => 'text', amprocnum => '1',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_opcinfo' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'text',
+  amprocrighttype => 'text', amprocnum => '2',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_add_value' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'text',
+  amprocrighttype => 'text', amprocnum => '3',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_consistent' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'text',
+  amprocrighttype => 'text', amprocnum => '4', amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_union' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'text',
+  amprocrighttype => 'text', amprocnum => '5',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_options' },
+
 # bloom text
 { amprocfamily => 'brin/text_bloom_ops', amproclefttype => 'text',
   amprocrighttype => 'text', amprocnum => '1',
@@ -1663,6 +1727,23 @@
   amprocrighttype => 'bpchar', amprocnum => '4',
   amproc => 'brin_minmax_union' },
 
+# minmax multi character
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bpchar_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bpchar',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bpchar', amprocnum => '1',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_opcinfo' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bpchar_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bpchar',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bpchar', amprocnum => '2',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_add_value' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bpchar_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bpchar',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bpchar', amprocnum => '3',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_consistent' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bpchar_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bpchar',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bpchar', amprocnum => '4',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_union' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bpchar_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bpchar',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bpchar', amprocnum => '5',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_options' },
+
 # bloom character
 { amprocfamily => 'brin/bpchar_bloom_ops', amproclefttype => 'bpchar',
   amprocrighttype => 'bpchar', amprocnum => '1',
@@ -2180,6 +2261,21 @@
 { amprocfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_ops', amproclefttype => 'bit',
   amprocrighttype => 'bit', amprocnum => '4', amproc => 'brin_minmax_union' },
 
+# minmax multi bit
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bit',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bit', amprocnum => '1', amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_opcinfo' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bit',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bit', amprocnum => '2',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_add_value' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bit',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bit', amprocnum => '3',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_consistent' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bit',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bit', amprocnum => '4', amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_union' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'bit',
+  amprocrighttype => 'bit', amprocnum => '5',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_options' },
+
 # minmax bit varying
 { amprocfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_ops', amproclefttype => 'varbit',
   amprocrighttype => 'varbit', amprocnum => '1',
@@ -2194,6 +2290,23 @@
   amprocrighttype => 'varbit', amprocnum => '4',
   amproc => 'brin_minmax_union' },
 
+# minmax multi bit varying
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'varbit',
+  amprocrighttype => 'varbit', amprocnum => '1',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_opcinfo' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'varbit',
+  amprocrighttype => 'varbit', amprocnum => '2',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_add_value' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'varbit',
+  amprocrighttype => 'varbit', amprocnum => '3',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_consistent' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'varbit',
+  amprocrighttype => 'varbit', amprocnum => '4',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_union' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_multi_ops', amproclefttype => 'varbit',
+  amprocrighttype => 'varbit', amprocnum => '5',
+  amproc => 'brin_minmax_multi_options' },
+
 # minmax numeric
 { amprocfamily => 'brin/numeric_minmax_ops', amproclefttype => 'numeric',
   amprocrighttype => 'numeric', amprocnum => '1',
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_opclass.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_opclass.dat
index da25befefe..823f1b01fe 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_opclass.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_opclass.dat
@@ -266,18 +266,27 @@
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'bytea_minmax_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_ops', opcintype => 'bytea',
   opckeytype => 'bytea' },
+{ opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'bytea_minmax_multi_ops',
+  opcfamily => 'brin/bytea_minmax_multi_ops', opcintype => 'bytea',
+  opckeytype => 'bytea', opcdefault => 'f' },
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'bytea_bloom_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/bytea_bloom_ops', opcintype => 'bytea',
   opckeytype => 'bytea', opcdefault => 'f' },
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'char_minmax_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_ops', opcintype => 'char',
   opckeytype => 'char' },
+{ opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'char_minmax_multi_ops',
+  opcfamily => 'brin/char_minmax_multi_ops', opcintype => 'char',
+  opckeytype => 'char', opcdefault => 'f' },
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'char_bloom_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/char_bloom_ops', opcintype => 'char',
   opckeytype => 'char', opcdefault => 'f' },
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'name_minmax_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_ops', opcintype => 'name',
   opckeytype => 'name' },
+{ opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'name_minmax_multi_ops',
+  opcfamily => 'brin/name_minmax_multi_ops', opcintype => 'name',
+  opckeytype => 'name', opcdefault => 'f' },
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'name_bloom_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/name_bloom_ops', opcintype => 'name',
   opckeytype => 'name', opcdefault => 'f' },
@@ -311,6 +320,9 @@
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'text_minmax_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_ops', opcintype => 'text',
   opckeytype => 'text' },
+{ opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'text_minmax_multi_ops',
+  opcfamily => 'brin/text_minmax_multi_ops', opcintype => 'text',
+  opckeytype => 'text', opcdefault => 'f' },
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'text_bloom_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/text_bloom_ops', opcintype => 'text',
   opckeytype => 'text', opcdefault => 'f' },
@@ -381,6 +393,9 @@
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'bpchar_minmax_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/bpchar_minmax_ops', opcintype => 'bpchar',
   opckeytype => 'bpchar' },
+{ opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'bpchar_minmax_multi_ops',
+  opcfamily => 'brin/bpchar_minmax_multi_ops', opcintype => 'bpchar',
+  opckeytype => 'bpchar', opcdefault => 'f' },
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'bpchar_bloom_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/bpchar_bloom_ops', opcintype => 'bpchar',
   opckeytype => 'bpchar', opcdefault => 'f' },
@@ -440,9 +455,15 @@
   opckeytype => 'timetz', opcdefault => 'f' },
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'bit_minmax_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_ops', opcintype => 'bit', opckeytype => 'bit' },
+{ opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'bit_minmax_multi_ops',
+  opcfamily => 'brin/bit_minmax_multi_ops', opcintype => 'bit',
+  opckeytype => 'bit', opcdefault => 'f' },
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'varbit_minmax_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_ops', opcintype => 'varbit',
   opckeytype => 'varbit' },
+{ opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'varbit_minmax_multi_ops',
+  opcfamily => 'brin/varbit_minmax_multi_ops', opcintype => 'varbit',
+  opckeytype => 'varbit', opcdefault => 'f' },
 { opcmethod => 'brin', opcname => 'numeric_minmax_ops',
   opcfamily => 'brin/numeric_minmax_ops', opcintype => 'numeric',
   opckeytype => 'numeric' },
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_opfamily.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_opfamily.dat
index ba9231ac8c..ffb20e72ab 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_opfamily.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_opfamily.dat
@@ -192,6 +192,8 @@
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'numeric_minmax_multi_ops' },
 { oid => '4056',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'text_minmax_ops' },
+{ oid => '9967',
+  opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'text_minmax_multi_ops' },
 { oid => '9902',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'text_bloom_ops' },
 { oid => '9903',
@@ -210,14 +212,20 @@
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'datetime_bloom_ops' },
 { oid => '4062',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'char_minmax_ops' },
+{ oid => '9968',
+  opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'char_minmax_multi_ops' },
 { oid => '9906',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'char_bloom_ops' },
 { oid => '4064',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'bytea_minmax_ops' },
+{ oid => '9969',
+  opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'bytea_minmax_multi_ops' },
 { oid => '9907',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'bytea_bloom_ops' },
 { oid => '4065',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'name_minmax_ops' },
+{ oid => '9970',
+  opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'name_minmax_multi_ops' },
 { oid => '9908',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'name_bloom_ops' },
 { oid => '4068',
@@ -260,6 +268,8 @@
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'network_bloom_ops' },
 { oid => '4076',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'bpchar_minmax_ops' },
+{ oid => '9971',
+  opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'bpchar_minmax_multi_ops' },
 { oid => '9915',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'bpchar_bloom_ops' },
 { oid => '4077',
@@ -276,8 +286,12 @@
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'interval_bloom_ops' },
 { oid => '4079',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'bit_minmax_ops' },
+{ oid => '9972',
+  opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'bit_minmax_multi_ops' },
 { oid => '4080',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'varbit_minmax_ops' },
+{ oid => '9973',
+  opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'varbit_minmax_multi_ops' },
 { oid => '4081',
   opfmethod => 'brin', opfname => 'uuid_minmax_ops' },
 { oid => '9938',
-- 
2.26.2


--------------22A4B241170149838D4D1F8F
Content-Type: text/x-patch; charset=UTF-8;
 name="0009-Ignore-correlation-for-new-BRIN-opclasses-20210215.patch"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename*0="0009-Ignore-correlation-for-new-BRIN-opclasses-20210215.patc";
 filename*1="h"



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 3+ messages in thread

* Re: MergeJoin beats HashJoin in the case of multiple hash clauses
@ 2023-09-11 08:04  Lepikhov Andrei <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 3+ messages in thread

From: Lepikhov Andrei @ 2023-09-11 08:04 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Andy Fan <[email protected]>; +Cc: pgsql-hackers; Tom Lane <[email protected]>



On Mon, Sep 11, 2023, at 11:51 AM, Andy Fan wrote:
> Hi, 
>
> On Thu, Jun 15, 2023 at 4:30 PM Andrey Lepikhov 
> <[email protected]> wrote:
>> Hi, all.
>> 
>> Some of my clients use JOIN's with three - four clauses. Quite 
>> frequently, I see complaints on unreasonable switch of JOIN algorithm to 
>> Merge Join instead of Hash Join. Quick research have shown one weak 
>> place - estimation of an average bucket size in final_cost_hashjoin (see 
>> q2.sql in attachment) with very conservative strategy.
>> Unlike estimation of groups, here we use smallest ndistinct value across 
>> all buckets instead of multiplying them (or trying to make multivariate 
>> analysis).
>> It works fine for the case of one clause. But if we have many clauses, 
>> and if each has high value of ndistinct, we will overestimate average 
>> size of a bucket and, as a result, prefer to use Merge Join. As the 
>> example in attachment shows, it leads to worse plan than possible, 
>> sometimes drastically worse.
>> I assume, this is done with fear of functional dependencies between hash 
>> clause components. But as for me, here we should go the same way, as 
>> estimation of groups.
>
> I can reproduce the visitation you want to improve and verify the patch
> can do it expectedly.  I think this is a right thing to do.  
> 
>> The attached patch shows a sketch of the solution.
>
> I understand that this is a sketch of the solution,  but the  below 
> changes still
> make me confused. 
>
> + if (innerbucketsize > virtualbuckets)
> +     innerbucketsize = 1.0 / virtualbuckets;
>
> innerbucketsize is a fraction of rows in all the rows, so it is between 
> 0.0 and 1.0.
> and virtualbuckets is the number of buckets in total (when considered 
> the mutli
> batchs),  how is it possible for 'innerbucketsize > virtualbuckets' ?  
> Am
> I missing something? 

You are right here. I've made a mistake here. Changed diff is in attachment.

-- 
Regards,
Andrei Lepikhov

Attachments:

  [application/octet-stream] fix_bucketsize_v2.diff (680B, ../../[email protected]/2-fix_bucketsize_v2.diff)
  download | inline diff:
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c b/src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c
index d6ceafd51c..5c5b24a843 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c
@@ -4274,11 +4274,12 @@ final_cost_hashjoin(PlannerInfo *root, HashPath *path,
 				thismcvfreq = restrictinfo->left_mcvfreq;
 			}
 
-			if (innerbucketsize > thisbucketsize)
-				innerbucketsize = thisbucketsize;
-			if (innermcvfreq > thismcvfreq)
-				innermcvfreq = thismcvfreq;
+			innerbucketsize *= thisbucketsize;
+			innermcvfreq *= thismcvfreq;
 		}
+
+		if (innerbucketsize < 1.0 / virtualbuckets)
+			innerbucketsize = 1.0 / virtualbuckets;
 	}
 
 	/*


^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 3+ messages in thread

* Re: MergeJoin beats HashJoin in the case of multiple hash clauses
@ 2023-11-03 16:43  Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
  parent: Lepikhov Andrei <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 3+ messages in thread

From: Tomas Vondra @ 2023-11-03 16:43 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Lepikhov Andrei <[email protected]>; Andy Fan <[email protected]>; +Cc: pgsql-hackers; Tom Lane <[email protected]>

On 9/11/23 10:04, Lepikhov Andrei wrote:
> 
> 
> On Mon, Sep 11, 2023, at 11:51 AM, Andy Fan wrote:
>> Hi, 
>>
>> On Thu, Jun 15, 2023 at 4:30 PM Andrey Lepikhov 
>> <[email protected]> wrote:
>>> Hi, all.
>>>
>>> Some of my clients use JOIN's with three - four clauses. Quite 
>>> frequently, I see complaints on unreasonable switch of JOIN algorithm to 
>>> Merge Join instead of Hash Join. Quick research have shown one weak 
>>> place - estimation of an average bucket size in final_cost_hashjoin (see 
>>> q2.sql in attachment) with very conservative strategy.
>>> Unlike estimation of groups, here we use smallest ndistinct value across 
>>> all buckets instead of multiplying them (or trying to make multivariate 
>>> analysis).
>>> It works fine for the case of one clause. But if we have many clauses, 
>>> and if each has high value of ndistinct, we will overestimate average 
>>> size of a bucket and, as a result, prefer to use Merge Join. As the 
>>> example in attachment shows, it leads to worse plan than possible, 
>>> sometimes drastically worse.
>>> I assume, this is done with fear of functional dependencies between hash 
>>> clause components. But as for me, here we should go the same way, as 
>>> estimation of groups.
>>

Yes, this analysis is correct - final_cost_hashjoin assumes the clauses
may be correlated (not necessarily by functional dependencies, just that
the overall ndistinct is not a simple product of per-column ndistincts).

And it even says so in the comment before calculating bucket size:

 * Determine bucketsize fraction and MCV frequency for the inner
 * relation. We use the smallest bucketsize or MCV frequency estimated
 * for any individual hashclause; this is undoubtedly conservative.

I'm sure this may lead to inflated cost for "good" cases (where the
actual bucket size really is a product), which may push the optimizer to
use the less efficient/slower join method.

Unfortunately, AFAICS the patch simply assumes the extreme in the
opposite direction - it assumes each clause splits the bucket for each
distinct value in the column. Which works great when it's true, but
surely it'd have issues when the columns are correlated?

I think this deserves more discussion, i.e. what happens if the
assumptions do not hold? We know what happens for the conservative
approach, but what's the worst thing that would happen for the
optimistic one?

I doubt e can simply switch from the conservative approach to the
optimistic one. Yes, it'll make some queries faster, but for other
queries it likely causes problems and slowdowns.


IMHO the only principled way forward is to get a better ndistinct
estimate (which this implicitly does), perhaps by using extended
statistics. I haven't tried, but I guess it'd need to extract the
clauses for the inner side, and call estimate_num_groups() on it.


This however reminds me we don't use extended statistics for join
clauses at all. Which means that even with accurate extended statistics,
we can still get stuff like this for multiple join clauses:

   Hash Join  (cost=1317.00..2386.00 rows=200 width=24)
              (actual time=85.781..8574.784 rows=8000000 loops=1)

This is unrelated to the issue discussed here, of course, as it won't
affect join method selection for that join. But it certainly will affect
all estimates/costs above that join, which can be pretty disastrous.

regards

-- 
Tomas Vondra
EnterpriseDB: http://www.enterprisedb.com
The Enterprise PostgreSQL Company






^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 3+ messages in thread


end of thread, other threads:[~2023-11-03 16:43 UTC | newest]

Thread overview: 3+ messages (download: mbox mbox.gz follow: Atom feed)
-- links below jump to the message on this page --
2021-02-03 18:12 [PATCH 8/9] Define multi-minmax oclasses for types without distance Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>
2023-09-11 08:04 Re: MergeJoin beats HashJoin in the case of multiple hash clauses Lepikhov Andrei <[email protected]>
2023-11-03 16:43 ` Re: MergeJoin beats HashJoin in the case of multiple hash clauses Tomas Vondra <[email protected]>

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