Received: from malur.postgresql.org ([217.196.149.56]) by arkaria.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256) (Exim 4.92) (envelope-from ) id 1ppJJg-0005ov-0R for pgsql-hackers@arkaria.postgresql.org; Thu, 20 Apr 2023 01:42:32 +0000 Received: from localhost ([127.0.0.1] helo=malur.postgresql.org) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtp (Exim 4.92) (envelope-from ) id 1ppJJe-0006S3-Uh for pgsql-hackers@arkaria.postgresql.org; Thu, 20 Apr 2023 01:42:30 +0000 Received: from makus.postgresql.org ([2001:4800:3e1:1::229]) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3:ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:256) (Exim 4.92) (envelope-from ) id 1ppJJe-0006Rt-LF for pgsql-hackers@lists.postgresql.org; Thu, 20 Apr 2023 01:42:30 +0000 Received: from mail-pf1-x444.google.com ([2607:f8b0:4864:20::444]) by makus.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (Exim 4.94.2) (envelope-from ) id 1ppJJc-000nBd-DJ for pgsql-hackers@lists.postgresql.org; Thu, 20 Apr 2023 01:42:29 +0000 Received: by mail-pf1-x444.google.com with SMTP id d2e1a72fcca58-63b621b1dabso159431b3a.0 for ; Wed, 19 Apr 2023 18:42:28 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20221208; t=1681954947; x=1684546947; h=message-id:mime-version:subject:to:from:date:from:to:cc:subject :date:message-id:reply-to; bh=neZqudmcGMnU5zn1VjQ/YjZ+NxqJRVnLkMqIePwzbR8=; b=U9b8HAs2aDY6RVi+dP160/3dmqedt0af6TOy1JTCeYTNodwtmBnN/Nh6URWwdrI/ok 0NHttoRVyR3CJz2kfOXPxICtLj08xihO8skaoqv4IuGfFe8tO8xSxgBos5hZpYbT7Wqw /NsqRQ0l2Xz9a7c4N69bKw6x0URrCweiTn0pOsxPiWkU3YCxE4ycnurdEMQI/SyKs5mG +CfEuhPUKMIj9ww7tap6nOfo/Fj+kTEvPe+oKgGLH3jLBzjACX5CvSd+vXD6iw/3ZIqt xE3DRedsbz7wxZ1rdtq3goNqO51g12evGFDl0FLNsDbqPycDqVc6ozMdvRhbAutoFeJF vTZw== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20221208; t=1681954947; x=1684546947; h=message-id:mime-version:subject:to:from:date:x-gm-message-state :from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id:reply-to; bh=neZqudmcGMnU5zn1VjQ/YjZ+NxqJRVnLkMqIePwzbR8=; b=FqiqV2AMbtOhtrNso1JZpD6hUJMPOTFrfUrNLriiy1NbgnMWe4m3HhkkZxUe5p7Zfz cx1cjQVUvo6t3zUOd3qOWkOIaI4hlZHXzumd6z6EVtxACPoiCVqIVGIW9Y4TcCky/iAM FJ0IwzkY0SgjBpfjRfm3UKaLamQCL/i8xX9NAdMpMMiUFHV8ARWLpV+A0tEDF8yugi7v CIeFf+aOdhIfnWa6AbrIIEZQ9cpYGTF2M3RMKnC5OrvYF0JYUQZVD+K9oC5/KkwE2F14 iNyBw+coOB6rVfuT4Cbe2rsh9bnXsFv9hnmTZ540s8qGMkgfE0JNb8UFvrYATlRGBshY e/8Q== X-Gm-Message-State: AAQBX9cTHEdZJyoBYPEKOs7pR2HIsCUXo5D0l49RrVAb+o0JNY2T8ytG z0gLIetetsV1V2qHx9AByRC2vCvkm+Zu064N8XU= X-Google-Smtp-Source: AKy350aOstWAIpawbHYki1iZ5mjgWU1AleMQ/fHYI3jx9NdOMLVUkK4d/rKY5bUflSlvkfmNYwL1Aw== X-Received: by 2002:a17:90a:1d3:b0:245:eb4c:3df8 with SMTP id 19-20020a17090a01d300b00245eb4c3df8mr88298pjd.2.1681954947271; Wed, 19 Apr 2023 18:42:27 -0700 (PDT) Received: from LAPTOP-6BJT67H1 ([2406:da18:38:2100:c325:4d39:d6a5:cb77]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id c65-20020a17090a494700b00244b10ebe1csm141800pjh.19.2023.04.19.18.42.26 for (version=TLS1_2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 bits=128/128); Wed, 19 Apr 2023 18:42:26 -0700 (PDT) Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2023 09:42:26 +0800 From: "jacktby@gmail.com" To: pgsql-hackers Subject: How does pg index page optimize dead tuples? X-Priority: 3 X-GUID: 61D49F20-6146-47C3-A50A-92846849DCA7 X-Has-Attach: no X-Mailer: Foxmail 7.2.25.213[cn] Mime-Version: 1.0 Message-ID: <2023042009422409511415@gmail.com> Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_001_NextPart622142436637_=----" List-Id: List-Help: List-Subscribe: List-Post: List-Owner: List-Archive: Archived-At: Precedence: bulk This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_001_NextPart622142436637_=---- Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 QXMgZmFyIGFzIEkga25vdywgd2hlbiBhIGluZGV4IHBhZ2UgaXMgZnVsbCwgaWYgeW91IGluc2Vy dCBhIG5ldyB0dXBsZSBoZXJlLCB5b3Ugd2lsbCBzcGxpdCBpdCBpbnRvIHR3byBwYWdlcy4NCkJ1 dCBwZyB3b24ndCBkZWxldGUgdGhlIGhhbGYgdHVwbGVzIGluIHRoZSBvbGQgcGFnZSBpbiByZWFs LiBTbyBpZiB0aGVyZSBpcyBhbm90aGVyIHR1cGxlIGluc2VydGVkIGludG8gdGhpcyBvbGQNCnBh Z2UsIHdpbGwgcGcgc3BsaXQgaXQgYWdhaW4/IEkgdGhpbmsgdGhhdCdzIG5vdCB0cnVlLCBzbyBo b3cgaXQgc29sdmUgdGhpcyBvbmU/IHBsZWFzZSBnaXZlIG1lIGEgY29kZSBleGFtcGxlLHRoYW5r cy4NCg0KDQpqYWNrdGJ5QGdtYWlsLmNvbQ0K ------=_001_NextPart622142436637_=---- Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable