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From: Michail Nikolaev <michail.nikolaev@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 1 Feb 2024 17:06:28 +0100
Message-ID: <CANtu0oijWPRGRpaRR_OvT2R5YALzscvcOTFh-=uZKUpNJmuZtw@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: Revisiting {CREATE INDEX, REINDEX} CONCURRENTLY improvements
To: Melanie Plageman <melanieplageman@gmail.com>
Cc: PostgreSQL Hackers <pgsql-hackers@postgresql.org>, Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@2ndquadrant.com>, 
	Matthias van de Meent <boekewurm+postgres@gmail.com>
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Archived-At: <https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CANtu0oijWPRGRpaRR_OvT2R5YALzscvcOTFh-%3DuZKUpNJmuZtw%40mail.gmail.com>
Precedence: bulk

> > > I just realised there is one issue with this design: We can't cheaply
> > > reset the snapshot during the second table scan:
> > > It is critically important that the second scan of R/CIC uses an index
> > > contents summary (made with index_bulk_delete) that was created while
> > > the current snapshot was already registered.
> >
> > > So, the "reset the snapshot every so often" trick cannot be applied in
> > > phase 3 (the rescan), or we'd have to do an index_bulk_delete call
> > > every time we reset the snapshot. Rescanning might be worth the cost
> > > (e.g. when using BRIN), but that is very unlikely.
> >
> > Hm, I think it is still possible. We could just manually recheck the
> > tuples we see
> > to the snapshot currently used for the scan. If an "old" snapshot can see
> > the tuple also (HeapTupleSatisfiesHistoricMVCC) then search for it in the
> > index summary.
> That's an interesting method.
>
> How would this deal with tuples not visible to the old snapshot?
> Presumably we can assume they're newer than that snapshot (the old
> snapshot didn't have it, but the new one does, so it's committed after
> the old snapshot, making them newer), so that backend must have
> inserted it into the index already, right?

I made a draft of the patch and this idea is not working.

The problem is generally the same:

* reference snapshot sees tuple X
* reference snapshot is used to create index summary (but there is no
tuple X in the index summary)
* tuple X is updated to Y creating a HOT-chain
* we started scan with new temporary snapshot (it sees Y, X is too old for it)
* tuple X is pruned from HOT-chain because it is not protected by any snapshot
* we see tuple Y in the scan with temporary snapshot
    * it is not in the index summary - so, we need to check if
reference snapshot can see it
    * there is no way to understand if the reference snapshot was able
to see tuple X - because we need the full HOT chain (with X tuple) for
that

Best regards,
Michail.