From: "David E. Wheeler" <david@justatheory.com>
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Subject: Patch: Add parse_type Function
Message-Id: <DF2324CA-2673-4ABE-B382-26B5770B6AA3@justatheory.com>
Date: Sun, 4 Feb 2024 12:51:29 -0500
To: pgsql-hackers@lists.postgresql.org
Archived-At: <https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/DF2324CA-2673-4ABE-B382-26B5770B6AA3%40justatheory.com>
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Hackers,

Attached is a patch to add a new function, `parse_type()`. It parses a =
type string and returns a record with the typid and typmod for the type, =
or raises an error if the type is invalid. It=E2=80=99s effectively a =
thin layer over the parser=E2=80=99s parseTypeString() function.

The purpose of this function is to allow uses to resolve any type name, =
including aliases, to its formal name as rendered by, for example, =
pg_dump. An example:

david=3D# WITH s(s) AS (
    SELECT * FROM unnest(ARRAY[
        'timestamp(4)',
        'interval(0)',
        'interval second(0)',
        'timestamptz',
        'timestamptz(6)',
        'varchar',
        'varchar(128)'=20
    ])        =20
),
p(type, typid, typmod) AS (
    SELECT s, ((parse_type(s)).*)
      FROM s                    =20
)          =20
SELECT type, format_type(typid, typmod) FROM p;
        type        |          format_type          =20
--------------------+--------------------------------
 timestamp(4)       | timestamp(4) without time zone
 interval(0)        | interval(0)
 interval second(0) | interval second(0)
 timestamptz        | timestamp with time zone
 timestamptz(6)     | timestamp(6) with time zone
 varchar            | character varying
 varchar(128)       | character varying(128)
(7 rows)


The use case leading to this patch was pgTAP column data type =
assertions. pgTAP traditionally required full type names for testing =
data types, but recently added support for aliases. This broke for some =
types, because it was difficult to extract the typmod correctly, and =
even when we did, it failed for types such as `interval second(0)`, =
where `second (0)` is the typmod, and there was no sensible way to =
access the bit mask to generate the proper typmod to pass to =
`format_type()`.

Erik Wienhold wrote this function to solve the problem, and I =
volunteered to submit a patch.

Potential issues and questions for this patch:

* Is `parse_type()` the right name to use? I can see arguments for =
`parse_type_string()`, `pg_parse_type()`, and `pg_parse_type_string()`. =
Whatever the consensus is works for me.

* The function returns a record, which is a little fussy. I could see =
adding a `format_type_string()` function that just contains `SELECT =
format_type(p.typmod, p.typid) FROM parse_type($1) p` and returns the =
formatted type. But I think it might also be useful to have access to =
the typmod and typid directly via this method, since they=E2=80=99re =
already exposed as `format_type()`=E2=80=99s arguments.

* Is format_type.c the right home for the function? I put it there =
because I closely associate it with format_type(), but happy to move it =
to a more appropriate location.

* I tried to link to `format_type` from the docs entry for `parse_type`, =
and added an ID for the former, but I=E2=80=99m not sure it resolves.

Best,

David


--Apple-Mail=_6CA1CDA3-BDAA-490E-AADE-BAFF9C0B2ACC
Content-Disposition: attachment;
	filename=v1-0001-Add-parse_type-SQL-function.patch
Content-Type: application/octet-stream;
	x-unix-mode=0644;
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

=46rom=20b426a1a258b65237632039abffb1ab101ce709c9=20Mon=20Sep=2017=20=
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The=20`parse_type()`=20function=20uses=20the=20underlying=20=
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format_type=0A=20=20=20=20--------------------=0A=20=20=20=20interval=20=
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++++++++++-=0A=20src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
|=2066=20+++++++++++++++++++++++=0A=20src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20|=20=204=20++=0A=20=
src/include/utils/builtins.h=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20|=20=
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=20|=2027=20++++++++++=0A=206=20files=20changed,=20176=20insertions(+),=20=
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pg_type_is_visible('myschema.widget'::regtype);=0A=20=0A=20=20=20=20=20=20=
<tbody>=0A=20=20=20=20=20=20=20<row>=0A-=20=20=20=20=20=20=20<entry=20=
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pg_type_is_visible('myschema.widget'::regtype);=0A=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
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<parameter>type</parameter>=20<type>text</type>=20)=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=
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<parameter>typid</parameter>=20<type>oid</type>,=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20<parameter>typmod</parameter>=20<type>int4</type>=20)=0A+=20=20=20=
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=20Parses=20a=20string=20representing=20an=20SQL=20type=20declaration=20=
as=20used=20in=20a=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20<command>CREATE=20=
TABLE</command>=20statement,=20optionally=20schema-qualified.=0A+=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20Returns=20a=20record=20with=20two=20fields,=20=
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<parameter>typid</parameter>,=20representing=20the=20OID=20and=20=
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=20=20=20=20<link=20=
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<para>=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20For=20example:=0A+<programlisting>=0A=
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parse_type('timestamp(4)')=20p;=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20format_type=0A=
+=20--------------------------------=0A+=20=20timestamp(4)=20without=20=
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=20=20=20=20<entry=20id=3D"pg-char-to-encoding"=20=
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b/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c=0Aindex=2028ba0fbd19..2477c8b8e0=20=
100644=0A---=20a/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c=0A+++=20=
b/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c=0A@@=20-26,6=20+26,9=20@@=0A=20=
#include=20"utils/lsyscache.h"=0A=20#include=20"utils/numeric.h"=0A=20=
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typmodout);=0A=20=0A@@=20-482,3=20+485,66=20@@=20=
oidvectortypes(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)=0A=20=0A=20=09=
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*=20Raises=20an=20error=20on=20an=20invalid=20type.=0A+=20*/=0A+=0A+/*=0A=
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"int4"=20or=20"integer"=0A+=20*=20or=20"character=20varying(32)",=20=
parses=20it,=20and=20returns=20the=20OID=20and=20type=20modifier.=0A+=20=
*=20Returns=20NULL=20for=20an=20invalid=20type.=0A+=20*=0A+=20*=20=
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parseTypeString()=20function=20defined=0A+=20*=20in=20=
src/backend/parser/parse_type.c.=0A+=20*/=0A=
+PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(parse_type);=0A+=0A+Datum=0A=
+parse_type(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)=0A+{=0A+#define=20PARSE_TYPE_STRING_COLS=20=
2=20/*=20Returns=20two=20columns.=20*/=0A+=09const=20char=20*type;=20=20=20=
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a=20record.=0A+=09=20*/=0A+=09if=20(get_call_result_type(fcinfo,=20NULL,=20=
&tupdesc)=20!=3D=20TYPEFUNC_COMPOSITE)=20{=0A+=09=09ereport(=0A+=09=09=09=
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cannot=20accept=20type=20record"))=0A+=09=09);=0A+=09}=0A+=0A+=09=
BlessTupleDesc(tupdesc);=0A+=0A+=09/*=0A+=09=20*=20Parse=20type-name=20=
argument=20to=20obtain=20type=20OID=20and=20encoded=20typmod.=20We=20=
don't=0A+=09=20*=20need=20to=20check=20for=20parseTypeString=20failure,=20=
but=20just=20let=20the=20error=20be=0A+=09=20*=20raised.=20The=200=20arg=20=
works=20both=20as=20the=20`Node=20*escontext`=20arg=20in=20Postgres=2016=0A=
+=09=20*=20and=20the=20`bool=20missing_ok`=20arg=20in=209.4-15.=0A+=09=20=
*/=0A+=09(void)=20parseTypeString(type,=20&typid,=20&typmod,=200);=0A+=0A=
+=09/*=20Create=20and=20return=20tuple.=20*/=0A+=09values[0]=20=3D=20=
typid;=0A+=09values[1]=20=3D=20typmod;=0A+=09rettuple=20=3D=20=
heap_form_tuple(tupdesc,=20values,=20nulls);=0A+=09return=20=
HeapTupleGetDatum(rettuple);=0A+#undef=20PARSE_TYPE_STRING_COLS=0A+}=0A=
diff=20--git=20a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat=20=
b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat=0Aindex=2029af4ce65d..31d7024010=20=
100644=0A---=20a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat=0A+++=20=
b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat=0A@@=20-2184,6=20+2184,10=20@@=0A=20{=20=
oid=20=3D>=20'1081',=20descr=20=3D>=20'format=20a=20type=20oid=20and=20=
atttypmod=20to=20canonical=20SQL',=0A=20=20=20proname=20=3D>=20=
'format_type',=20proisstrict=20=3D>=20'f',=20provolatile=20=3D>=20's',=0A=
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descr=20=3D>=20'parse=20a=20type=20string=20into=20its=20a=20type=20oid=20=
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=3D>=20'f',=20provolatile=20=3D>=20's',=0A+=20=20prorettype=20=3D>=20=
'record',=20proargtypes=20=3D>=20'text',=20prosrc=20=3D>=20'parse_type',=0A=
+=20=20proallargtypes=20=3D>=20'{text,oid,int4}',=20proargmodes=20=3D>=20=
'{i,o,o}',=20proargnames=20=3D>=20'{typname,typid,typmod}'=20},=0A=20{=20=
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'date_in',=20provolatile=20=3D>=20's',=20prorettype=20=3D>=20'date',=0A=20=
=20=20proargtypes=20=3D>=20'cstring',=20prosrc=20=3D>=20'date_in'=20},=0A=
diff=20--git=20a/src/include/utils/builtins.h=20=
b/src/include/utils/builtins.h=0Aindex=20359c570f23..264ad090be=20100644=0A=
---=20a/src/include/utils/builtins.h=0A+++=20=
b/src/include/utils/builtins.h=0A@@=20-133,6=20+133,8=20@@=20extern=20=
char=20*format_type_with_typemod(Oid=20type_oid,=20int32=20typemod);=0A=20=
=0A=20extern=20int32=20type_maximum_size(Oid=20type_oid,=20int32=20=
typemod);=0A=20=0A+extern=20Datum=20parse_type(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);=0A+=0A=20=
/*=20quote.c=20*/=0A=20extern=20char=20*quote_literal_cstr(const=20char=20=
*rawstr);=0A=20=0Adiff=20--git=20=
a/src/test/regress/expected/create_type.out=20=
b/src/test/regress/expected/create_type.out=0Aindex=20=
7383fcdbb1..5a3ebfc658=20100644=0A---=20=
a/src/test/regress/expected/create_type.out=0A+++=20=
b/src/test/regress/expected/create_type.out=0A@@=20-249,6=20+249,53=20@@=20=
select=20format_type('bpchar'::regtype,=20-1);=0A=20=20bpchar=0A=20(1=20=
row)=0A=20=0A+--=20Test=20parse_type=0A+SELECT=20*=20FROM=20=
parse_type('text')=20p(typid,=20typmod);=0A+=20typid=20|=20typmod=20=0A=
+-------+--------=0A+=20=20=20=2025=20|=20=20=20=20=20-1=0A+(1=20row)=0A=
+=0A+--=20Test=20parse_type=20errors=0A+SELECT=20parse_type('nonesuch');=20=
--=20error=20expected=0A+ERROR:=20=20type=20"nonesuch"=20does=20not=20=
exist=0A+SELECT=20parse_type('interval=20nonesuch');=20--=20grammar=20=
error=20expected=0A+ERROR:=20=20syntax=20error=20at=20or=20near=20=
"nonesuch"=0A+LINE=201:=20SELECT=20parse_type('interval=20nonesuch');=0A=
+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20^=0A+CONTEXT:=20=20=
invalid=20type=20name=20"interval=20nonesuch"=0A+SELECT=20=
parse_type('year(4)');=20--=20grammar=20error=20expected=0A+ERROR:=20=20=
type=20"year"=20does=20not=20exist=0A+--=20Test=20parse_type=20with=20=
various=20aliases=20and=20grammar-based=20types=0A+WITH=20s(s)=20AS=20(=0A=
+=20=20=20=20SELECT=20*=20FROM=20unnest(ARRAY[=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
'timestamp(4)',=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20'interval(0)',=0A+=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20'interval=20second(0)',=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
'timestamptz',=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20'timestamptz(6)',=0A+=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20'varchar',=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20'varchar(128)',=0A+=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20'mytab'=0A+=20=20=20=20])=0A+),=0A+p(typid,=20typmod)=20=
AS=20(=0A+=20=20=20=20SELECT=20((parse_type(s)).*)=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=
FROM=20s=0A+)=0A+SELECT=20format_type(typid,=20typmod)=20FROM=20p;=0A+=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20format_type=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=0A=
+--------------------------------=0A+=20timestamp(4)=20without=20time=20=
zone=0A+=20interval(0)=0A+=20interval=20second(0)=0A+=20timestamp=20with=20=
time=20zone=0A+=20timestamp(6)=20with=20time=20zone=0A+=20character=20=
varying=0A+=20character=20varying(128)=0A+=20mytab=0A+(8=20rows)=0A+=0A=20=
--=20Test=20non-error-throwing=20APIs=20using=20widget,=20which=20still=20=
throws=20errors=0A=20SELECT=20pg_input_is_valid('(1,2,3)',=20'widget');=0A=
=20=20pg_input_is_valid=20=0Adiff=20--git=20=
a/src/test/regress/sql/create_type.sql=20=
b/src/test/regress/sql/create_type.sql=0Aindex=20c25018029c..c14c7590a9=20=
100644=0A---=20a/src/test/regress/sql/create_type.sql=0A+++=20=
b/src/test/regress/sql/create_type.sql=0A@@=20-192,6=20+192,33=20@@=20=
select=20format_type('bpchar'::regtype,=20null);=0A=20--=20this=20=
behavior=20difference=20is=20intentional=0A=20select=20=
format_type('bpchar'::regtype,=20-1);=0A=20=0A+--=20Test=20parse_type=0A=
+SELECT=20*=20FROM=20parse_type('text')=20p(typid,=20typmod);=0A+=0A+--=20=
Test=20parse_type=20errors=0A+SELECT=20parse_type('nonesuch');=20--=20=
error=20expected=0A+SELECT=20parse_type('interval=20nonesuch');=20--=20=
grammar=20error=20expected=0A+SELECT=20parse_type('year(4)');=20--=20=
grammar=20error=20expected=0A+=0A+--=20Test=20parse_type=20with=20=
various=20aliases=20and=20grammar-based=20types=0A+WITH=20s(s)=20AS=20(=0A=
+=20=20=20=20SELECT=20*=20FROM=20unnest(ARRAY[=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
'timestamp(4)',=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20'interval(0)',=0A+=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20'interval=20second(0)',=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
'timestamptz',=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20'timestamptz(6)',=0A+=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20'varchar',=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20'varchar(128)',=0A+=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20'mytab'=0A+=20=20=20=20])=0A+),=0A+p(typid,=20typmod)=20=
AS=20(=0A+=20=20=20=20SELECT=20((parse_type(s)).*)=0A+=20=20=20=20=20=20=
FROM=20s=0A+)=0A+SELECT=20format_type(typid,=20typmod)=20FROM=20p;=0A+=0A=
=20--=20Test=20non-error-throwing=20APIs=20using=20widget,=20which=20=
still=20throws=20errors=0A=20SELECT=20pg_input_is_valid('(1,2,3)',=20=
'widget');=0A=20SELECT=20pg_input_is_valid('(1,2)',=20'widget');=20=20--=20=
hard=20error=20expected=0A--=20=0A2.43.0=0A=0A=

--Apple-Mail=_6CA1CDA3-BDAA-490E-AADE-BAFF9C0B2ACC--