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From: Paul Jungwirth <[email protected]>
To: Peter Eisentraut <[email protected]>
Cc: jian he <[email protected]>
Cc: PostgreSQL Hackers <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: SQL:2011 application time
Date: Thu, 21 Nov 2024 16:30:06 -0800
Message-ID: <[email protected]> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <[email protected]>
References: <CA+renyUApHgSZF9-nd-a0+OPGharLQLO=mDHcY4_qQ0+noCUVg@mail.gmail.com>
	<[email protected]>
	<[email protected]>
	<CACJufxESqArbu=R8m3a+ZF-Yia26KTGpEnyqz+8d5BXb1o=c=w@mail.gmail.com>
	<CACJufxECGaLjMcN8TJbX1fGrMFKs6qu+6RiZm98=sLcpiVpu2g@mail.gmail.com>
	<[email protected]>
	<[email protected]>
	<[email protected]>
	<CA+renyUFC13F0tYKxEENZtWA0YVuS5Tv+ZQkEkAwuDO1-Xke-A@mail.gmail.com>
	<[email protected]>
	<[email protected]>
	<[email protected]>
	<[email protected]>
	<[email protected]>
	<[email protected]>

Here are updated patches. I left off the final PERIODs patch because it still has some conflicts
with the new NOT NULL constraints work. I'll soon an update with that soon.

On 11/21/24 04:56, Peter Eisentraut wrote:
>> On the publisher side: You can use REPLICA IDENTITY DEFAULT with a temporal PK/UNIQUE index. There 
>> is no validation step, and sending the changes works fine. But REPLICA IDENTITY USING INDEX fails 
>> because the validation step rejects the non-btree index.
> 
> Ok, I have committed the fix for this, and I'll continue working through the rest of the patches.

Thanks!

On 11/13/24 02:11, Peter Eisentraut wrote:
> -       return get_equal_strategy_number_for_am(am);
> +       /* For GiST indexes we need to ask the opclass what strategy number to use. */
> +       if (am == GIST_AM_OID)
> +               return GistTranslateStratnum(opclass, RTEqualStrategyNumber);
> +       else
> +               return get_equal_strategy_number_for_am(am);
>
> This code should probably be pushed into get_equal_strategy_number_for_am().  That function already
> has a switch based on index AM OIDs.  Also, there are other callers of
> get_equal_strategy_number_for_am(), which also might want to become aware of GiST support.

Done. The reason I didn't do this before is because we need the opclass, not just the am. I put an
explanation about that into the function comment. If that's a problem I can undo the change.

> For the new test file, remember to add it to src/test/subscription/meson.build.
>
> Also, maybe add a introductory comment in the test file to describe generally what it's trying to test.

Done.

On 11/13/24 02:50, Peter Eisentraut wrote:
> A quick comment on the patch
>
> v43-0005-Add-UPDATE-DELETE-FOR-PORTION-OF.patch
>
> regarding the code in transformForPortionOfClause() and the additions you made to lsyscache.c:
>
> What you are doing is taking a type OID and a function OID and then converting them back to name and
> namespace and then building a node and then feeding that node back through the parse analysis
> transformation. This all seems quite fishy and cumbersome.  I think instead of building a FuncCall
> and transforming it, try to build a FuncExpr directly.  Then you wouldn't need these new helper
> functions, which would also reduce the surface area of your patch.

Okay, that makes sense. I changed that for the FOR PORTION OF bounds expression. I still need to get
the rangetype name and namespace to look up its constructor function. Even if I built another FuncExpr
myself there, I don't see any way to get the constructor oid without calling SearchSysCache3(PROCNAMEARGSNSP, ...).
So I'm still doing type oid -> type name -> func oid.

> Additional mini-comment:
>
> #include "utils/rangetypes.h"
>
> in src/include/nodes/execnodes.h appears to be unnecessary (but it is then required in src/backend/
> commands/trigger.c).

Done.

On 11/13/24 02:53, Peter Eisentraut wrote:
> I committed a few fixes in this area today.  Has everything here been addressed?

Yes, everything here was addressed in my v41 patches (sent 2024-10-21).

Rebased to 4c4aaa19a6.

Yours,

-- 
Paul              ~{:-)
[email protected]


Attachments:

  [text/x-patch] v45-0001-Fix-logical-replication-for-temporal-tables.patch (30.5K, ../[email protected]/2-v45-0001-Fix-logical-replication-for-temporal-tables.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From bcd5720248133962239027aee07b39fcef13ec23 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Paul A. Jungwirth" <[email protected]>
Date: Wed, 16 Oct 2024 11:06:40 -0700
Subject: [PATCH v45 1/8] Fix logical replication for temporal tables

A WITHOUT OVERLAPS primary key or unique constraint should work as a
REPLICA IDENTITY, since it guarantees uniqueness. But subscribers
applying logical decoding messages got confused because they tried to
look up the equals operator based on btree strategy numbers. For GiST
indexes we can use the stratnum GiST support function.

Author: Paul Jungwirth
---
 src/backend/executor/execReplication.c     |  22 +-
 src/backend/replication/logical/relation.c |   2 +-
 src/include/executor/executor.h            |   2 +-
 src/test/subscription/meson.build          |   1 +
 src/test/subscription/t/034_temporal.pl    | 674 +++++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 692 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/test/subscription/t/034_temporal.pl

diff --git a/src/backend/executor/execReplication.c b/src/backend/executor/execReplication.c
index 54025c9f150..18b4d086889 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/execReplication.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/execReplication.c
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include "access/genam.h"
+#include "access/gist.h"
 #include "access/relscan.h"
 #include "access/tableam.h"
 #include "access/transam.h"
@@ -38,16 +39,18 @@ static bool tuples_equal(TupleTableSlot *slot1, TupleTableSlot *slot2,
 						 TypeCacheEntry **eq);
 
 /*
- * Returns the fixed strategy number, if any, of the equality operator for the
+ * Returns the strategy number, if any, of the equality operator for the
  * given index access method, otherwise, InvalidStrategy.
  *
- * Currently, only Btree and Hash indexes are supported. The other index access
- * methods don't have a fixed strategy for equality operation - instead, the
- * support routines of each operator class interpret the strategy numbers
- * according to the operator class's definition.
+ * Btree and Hash indexes are supported without an opclass. The other index
+ * access methods don't have a fixed strategy for equality operation - instead,
+ * the support routines of each operator class interpret the strategy numbers
+ * according to the operator class's definition. A GiST opclass may be able
+ * to communicate its preferred strategy number for equality, so we try
+ * asking.
  */
 StrategyNumber
-get_equal_strategy_number_for_am(Oid am)
+get_equal_strategy_number_for_am(Oid am, Oid opclass)
 {
 	int			ret;
 
@@ -59,6 +62,9 @@ get_equal_strategy_number_for_am(Oid am)
 		case HASH_AM_OID:
 			ret = HTEqualStrategyNumber;
 			break;
+		case GIST_AM_OID:
+			ret	= GistTranslateStratnum(opclass, RTEqualStrategyNumber);
+			break;
 		default:
 			/* XXX: Only Btree and Hash indexes are supported */
 			ret = InvalidStrategy;
@@ -77,7 +83,7 @@ get_equal_strategy_number(Oid opclass)
 {
 	Oid			am = get_opclass_method(opclass);
 
-	return get_equal_strategy_number_for_am(am);
+	return get_equal_strategy_number_for_am(am, opclass);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -134,6 +140,8 @@ build_replindex_scan_key(ScanKey skey, Relation rel, Relation idxrel,
 		optype = get_opclass_input_type(opclass->values[index_attoff]);
 		opfamily = get_opclass_family(opclass->values[index_attoff]);
 		eq_strategy = get_equal_strategy_number(opclass->values[index_attoff]);
+		if (!OidIsValid(eq_strategy))
+			elog(ERROR, "missing equal strategy for opclass %u", opclass->values[index_attoff]);
 
 		operator = get_opfamily_member(opfamily, optype,
 									   optype,
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/relation.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/relation.c
index f5a0ef2bd9d..59161d2b176 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/relation.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/relation.c
@@ -806,7 +806,7 @@ IsIndexUsableForReplicaIdentityFull(IndexInfo *indexInfo, AttrMap *attrmap)
 	AttrNumber	keycol;
 
 	/* Ensure that the index access method has a valid equal strategy */
-	if (get_equal_strategy_number_for_am(indexInfo->ii_Am) == InvalidStrategy)
+	if (get_equal_strategy_number_for_am(indexInfo->ii_Am, InvalidOid) == InvalidStrategy)
 		return false;
 
 	/* The index must not be a partial index */
diff --git a/src/include/executor/executor.h b/src/include/executor/executor.h
index 69c3ebff00a..d5a17609538 100644
--- a/src/include/executor/executor.h
+++ b/src/include/executor/executor.h
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ extern void check_exclusion_constraint(Relation heap, Relation index,
 /*
  * prototypes from functions in execReplication.c
  */
-extern StrategyNumber get_equal_strategy_number_for_am(Oid am);
+extern StrategyNumber get_equal_strategy_number_for_am(Oid am, Oid opclass);
 extern bool RelationFindReplTupleByIndex(Relation rel, Oid idxoid,
 										 LockTupleMode lockmode,
 										 TupleTableSlot *searchslot,
diff --git a/src/test/subscription/meson.build b/src/test/subscription/meson.build
index c591cd7d619..b2395e7b57e 100644
--- a/src/test/subscription/meson.build
+++ b/src/test/subscription/meson.build
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ tests += {
       't/031_column_list.pl',
       't/032_subscribe_use_index.pl',
       't/033_run_as_table_owner.pl',
+      't/034_temporal.pl',
       't/100_bugs.pl',
     ],
   },
diff --git a/src/test/subscription/t/034_temporal.pl b/src/test/subscription/t/034_temporal.pl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bff3b5aa0e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/subscription/t/034_temporal.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,674 @@
+
+# Copyright (c) 2021-2024, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+
+# Logical replication tests for temporal tables
+#
+# A table can use a temporal PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE index as its REPLICA IDENTITY.
+# This is a GiST index (not B-tree) and its last element uses WITHOUT OVERLAPS.
+# That element restricts other rows with overlaps semantics instead of equality,
+# but it is always at least as restrictive as a normal non-null unique index.
+# Therefore we can still apply logical decoding messages to the subscriber.
+use strict;
+use warnings FATAL => 'all';
+use PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster;
+use PostgreSQL::Test::Utils;
+use Test::More;
+
+# setup
+
+my $node_publisher = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('publisher');
+$node_publisher->init(allows_streaming => 'logical');
+$node_publisher->start;
+
+my $node_subscriber = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('subscriber');
+$node_subscriber->init;
+$node_subscriber->start;
+
+my $publisher_connstr = $node_publisher->connstr . ' dbname=postgres';
+
+my ($result, $stdout, $stderr);
+
+# #################################
+# Test with REPLICA IDENTITY DEFAULT:
+# #################################
+
+# create tables on publisher
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_no_key (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text)"
+);
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_pk (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text, PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_unique (id int4range NOT NULL, valid_at daterange NOT NULL, a text, UNIQUE (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+
+# create tables on subscriber
+
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_no_key (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text)"
+);
+
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_pk (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text, PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_unique (id int4range NOT NULL, valid_at daterange NOT NULL, a text, UNIQUE (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+
+# sync initial data:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_no_key (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_pk (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_unique (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE PUBLICATION pub1 FOR ALL TABLES");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE SUBSCRIPTION sub1 CONNECTION '$publisher_connstr' PUBLICATION pub1"
+);
+$node_subscriber->wait_for_subscription_sync;
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_no_key ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result,
+	qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a},
+	'synced temporal_no_key DEFAULT');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_pk ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is($result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a},
+	'synced temporal_pk DEFAULT');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_unique ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result,
+	qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a},
+	'synced temporal_unique DEFAULT');
+
+# replicate with no key:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_no_key (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[2,3)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[3,4)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[4,5)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_no_key SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_no_key" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
+HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't UPDATE temporal_no_key DEFAULT");
+
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_no_key WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_no_key" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
+HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't DELETE temporal_no_key DEFAULT");
+
+$node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_no_key ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[3,4)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_no_key DEFAULT');
+
+# replicate with a primary key:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_pk (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[2,3)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[3,4)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[4,5)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_pk SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_pk WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+
+$node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_pk ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
+[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_pk DEFAULT');
+
+# replicate with a unique key:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_unique (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[2,3)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[3,4)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[4,5)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_unique SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_unique" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
+HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't UPDATE temporal_unique DEFAULT");
+
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_unique WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_unique" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
+HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't DELETE temporal_unique DEFAULT");
+
+$node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_unique ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[3,4)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_unique DEFAULT');
+
+# cleanup
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_no_key");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_pk");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_unique");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP PUBLICATION pub1");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_no_key");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_pk");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_unique");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP SUBSCRIPTION sub1");
+
+
+# #################################
+# Test with REPLICA IDENTITY FULL:
+# #################################
+
+# create tables on publisher
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_no_key (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text)"
+);
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_no_key REPLICA IDENTITY FULL");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_pk (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text, PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_pk REPLICA IDENTITY FULL");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_unique (id int4range NOT NULL, valid_at daterange NOT NULL, a text, UNIQUE (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_unique REPLICA IDENTITY FULL");
+
+# create tables on subscriber
+
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_no_key (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text)"
+);
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_no_key REPLICA IDENTITY FULL");
+
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_pk (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text, PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_pk REPLICA IDENTITY FULL");
+
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_unique (id int4range NOT NULL, valid_at daterange NOT NULL, a text, UNIQUE (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_unique REPLICA IDENTITY FULL");
+
+# sync initial data:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_no_key (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_pk (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_unique (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE PUBLICATION pub1 FOR ALL TABLES");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE SUBSCRIPTION sub1 CONNECTION '$publisher_connstr' PUBLICATION pub1"
+);
+$node_subscriber->wait_for_subscription_sync;
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_no_key ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result,
+	qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a},
+	'synced temporal_no_key FULL');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_pk ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is($result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'synced temporal_pk FULL');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_unique ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result,
+	qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a},
+	'synced temporal_unique FULL');
+
+# replicate with no key:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_no_key (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[2,3)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[3,4)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[4,5)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_no_key SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_no_key WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+
+$node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_no_key ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
+[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_no_key FULL');
+
+# replicate with a primary key:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_pk (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[2,3)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[3,4)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[4,5)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_pk SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_pk WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+
+$node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_pk ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
+[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_pk FULL');
+
+# replicate with a unique key:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_unique (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[2,3)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[3,4)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[4,5)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_unique SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_unique WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+
+$node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_unique ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
+[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_unique FULL');
+
+# cleanup
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_no_key");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_pk");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_unique");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP PUBLICATION pub1");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_no_key");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_pk");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_unique");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP SUBSCRIPTION sub1");
+
+
+# #################################
+# Test with REPLICA IDENTITY USING INDEX
+# #################################
+
+# create tables on publisher
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_pk (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text, PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_pk REPLICA IDENTITY USING INDEX temporal_pk_pkey");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_unique (id int4range NOT NULL, valid_at daterange NOT NULL, a text, UNIQUE (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_unique REPLICA IDENTITY USING INDEX temporal_unique_id_valid_at_key"
+);
+
+# create tables on subscriber
+
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_pk (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text, PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_pk REPLICA IDENTITY USING INDEX temporal_pk_pkey");
+
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_unique (id int4range NOT NULL, valid_at daterange NOT NULL, a text, UNIQUE (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_unique REPLICA IDENTITY USING INDEX temporal_unique_id_valid_at_key"
+);
+
+# sync initial data:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_pk (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_unique (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE PUBLICATION pub1 FOR ALL TABLES");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE SUBSCRIPTION sub1 CONNECTION '$publisher_connstr' PUBLICATION pub1"
+);
+$node_subscriber->wait_for_subscription_sync;
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_pk ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result,
+	qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a},
+	'synced temporal_pk USING INDEX');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_unique ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result,
+	qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a},
+	'synced temporal_unique USING INDEX');
+
+# replicate with a primary key:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_pk (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[2,3)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[3,4)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[4,5)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_pk SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_pk WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+
+$node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_pk ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
+[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_pk USING INDEX');
+
+# replicate with a unique key:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_unique (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[2,3)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[3,4)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[4,5)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_unique SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_unique WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+
+$node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_unique ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
+[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_unique USING INDEX');
+
+# cleanup
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_pk");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_unique");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP PUBLICATION pub1");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_pk");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_unique");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP SUBSCRIPTION sub1");
+
+
+# #################################
+# Test with REPLICA IDENTITY NOTHING
+# #################################
+
+# create tables on publisher
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_no_key (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text, PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_no_key REPLICA IDENTITY NOTHING");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_pk (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text, PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_pk REPLICA IDENTITY NOTHING");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_unique (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text, UNIQUE (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_unique REPLICA IDENTITY NOTHING");
+
+# create tables on subscriber
+
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_no_key (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text)"
+);
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_no_key REPLICA IDENTITY NOTHING");
+
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_pk (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text, PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_pk REPLICA IDENTITY NOTHING");
+
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE TABLE temporal_unique (id int4range, valid_at daterange, a text, UNIQUE (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS))"
+);
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"ALTER TABLE temporal_unique REPLICA IDENTITY NOTHING");
+
+# sync initial data:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_no_key (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_pk (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_unique (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE PUBLICATION pub1 FOR ALL TABLES");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"CREATE SUBSCRIPTION sub1 CONNECTION '$publisher_connstr' PUBLICATION pub1"
+);
+$node_subscriber->wait_for_subscription_sync;
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_no_key ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result,
+	qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a},
+	'synced temporal_no_key NOTHING');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_pk ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is($result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a},
+	'synced temporal_pk NOTHING');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_unique ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result,
+	qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a},
+	'synced temporal_unique NOTHING');
+
+# replicate with no key:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_no_key (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[2,3)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[3,4)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[4,5)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_no_key SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_no_key" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
+HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't UPDATE temporal_no_key NOTHING");
+
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_no_key WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_no_key" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
+HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't DELETE temporal_no_key NOTHING");
+
+$node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_no_key ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[3,4)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_no_key NOTHING');
+
+# replicate with a primary key:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_pk (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[2,3)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[3,4)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[4,5)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_pk SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_pk" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
+HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't UPDATE temporal_pk NOTHING");
+
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_pk WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_pk" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
+HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't DELETE temporal_pk NOTHING");
+
+$node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_pk ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[3,4)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_pk NOTHING');
+
+# replicate with a unique key:
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql(
+	'postgres',
+	"INSERT INTO temporal_unique (id, valid_at, a)
+   VALUES ('[2,3)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[3,4)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a'),
+          ('[4,5)', '[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)', 'a')");
+
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_unique SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_unique" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
+HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't UPDATE temporal_unique NOTHING");
+
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_unique WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_unique" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
+HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't DELETE temporal_unique NOTHING");
+
+$node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
+
+$result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT * FROM temporal_unique ORDER BY id, valid_at");
+is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[3,4)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
+[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_unique NOTHING');
+
+# cleanup
+
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_pk");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_unique");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP PUBLICATION pub1");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_pk");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP TABLE temporal_unique");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DROP SUBSCRIPTION sub1");
+
+
+done_testing();
+
-- 
2.42.0



  [text/x-patch] v45-0002-Add-without_portion-GiST-support-proc.patch (41.1K, ../[email protected]/3-v45-0002-Add-without_portion-GiST-support-proc.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 39d12053961db0066d87d34ab6a8f6054028e720 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Paul A. Jungwirth" <[email protected]>
Date: Sat, 30 Dec 2023 23:10:59 -0800
Subject: [PATCH v45 2/8] Add without_portion GiST support proc

This new support proc is used by RESTRICT foreign keys to compute the
portion of history that was lost when the application-time bounds of a
record change. This commit defines implementations for ranges and
multiranges.

The procs return SETOF their input type and work like minus but don't
fail on splits. The results never contain empty elements.

When we implement FOR PORTION OF, we will use these procs simiarly: to
compute leftovers that weren't touched by the UPDATE/DELETE.

Author: Paul Jungwirth
---
 contrib/bloom/blvalidate.c                    |   2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/gist.sgml                        | 107 ++++++++++-
 doc/src/sgml/xindex.sgml                      |   8 +-
 src/backend/access/brin/brin_validate.c       |   8 +-
 src/backend/access/gin/ginvalidate.c          |  12 +-
 src/backend/access/gist/gistvalidate.c        |  25 +--
 src/backend/access/hash/hashvalidate.c        |   4 +-
 src/backend/access/index/amvalidate.c         |   9 +-
 src/backend/access/nbtree/nbtvalidate.c       |   8 +-
 src/backend/access/spgist/spgvalidate.c       |   8 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/multirangetypes.c       |  71 ++++++++
 src/backend/utils/adt/rangetypes.c            | 166 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/include/access/amvalidate.h               |   4 +-
 src/include/access/gist.h                     |   3 +-
 src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat             |   6 +
 src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat               |   8 +
 src/include/utils/rangetypes.h                |   2 +
 src/test/regress/expected/multirangetypes.out | 116 ++++++++++++
 src/test/regress/expected/rangetypes.out      |  54 ++++++
 src/test/regress/sql/multirangetypes.sql      |  22 +++
 src/test/regress/sql/rangetypes.sql           |  10 ++
 21 files changed, 613 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)

diff --git a/contrib/bloom/blvalidate.c b/contrib/bloom/blvalidate.c
index 20d3ab9109b..4b2e0ca90a5 100644
--- a/contrib/bloom/blvalidate.c
+++ b/contrib/bloom/blvalidate.c
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ blvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 		switch (procform->amprocnum)
 		{
 			case BLOOM_HASH_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT4OID, false,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT4OID, false, false,
 											1, 1, opckeytype);
 				break;
 			case BLOOM_OPTIONS_PROC:
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/gist.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/gist.sgml
index 638d912dc2d..1fbddf1bfb0 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/gist.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/gist.sgml
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ CREATE INDEX ON my_table USING GIST (my_inet_column inet_ops);
 
  <para>
    There are five methods that an index operator class for
-   <acronym>GiST</acronym> must provide, and seven that are optional.
+   <acronym>GiST</acronym> must provide, and eight that are optional.
    Correctness of the index is ensured
    by proper implementation of the <function>same</function>, <function>consistent</function>
    and <function>union</function> methods, while efficiency (size and speed) of the
@@ -294,6 +294,9 @@ CREATE INDEX ON my_table USING GIST (my_inet_column inet_ops);
    <filename>src/include/access/stratnum.h</filename>) into strategy numbers
    used by the operator class.  This lets the core code look up operators for
    temporal constraint indexes.
+   The optional thirteenth method <function>without_portion</function> is used by
+   <literal>RESTRICT</literal> foreign keys to compute the portion of history
+   that was lost.
  </para>
 
  <variablelist>
@@ -1235,6 +1238,108 @@ my_stratnum(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
+    <varlistentry>
+     <term><function>without_portion</function></term>
+     <listitem>
+      <para>
+       Given two values of this opclass, it subtracts the second for the first
+       and returns an array of the results.
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       This is used by temporal foreign keys to compute the part
+       of history that was lost by an update.
+      </para>
+
+      <para>
+       The <acronym>SQL</acronym> declaration of the function must look like
+       this (using <literal>my_range_without_portion</literal> as an example):
+
+<programlisting>
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION my_range_without_portion(anyrange, anyrange)
+RETURNS anyarray
+AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME'
+LANGUAGE C STRICT;
+</programlisting>
+      </para>
+
+       <para>
+        The matching code in the C module could then follow this example:
+
+<programlisting>
+Datum
+my_range_without_portion(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+    typedef struct {
+        RangeType  *rs[2];
+        int         n;
+    } range_without_portion_fctx;
+
+    FuncCallContext *funcctx;
+    range_without_portion_fctx *fctx;
+    MemoryContext oldcontext;
+
+    /* stuff done only on the first call of the function */
+    if (SRF_IS_FIRSTCALL())
+    {
+        RangeType       *r1;
+        RangeType       *r2;
+        Oid              rngtypid;
+        TypeCacheEntry  *typcache;
+
+        /* create a function context for cross-call persistence */
+        funcctx = SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT();
+
+        /*
+         * switch to memory context appropriate for multiple function calls
+         */
+        oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(funcctx-&gt;multi_call_memory_ctx);
+
+        r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
+        r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
+
+        /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
+        if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
+            elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
+
+        /* allocate memory for user context */
+        fctx = (range_without_portion_fctx *) palloc(sizeof(range_without_portion_fctx));
+
+        /*
+         * Initialize state.
+         * We can't store the range typcache in fn_extra because the caller
+         * uses that for the SRF state.
+         */
+        rngtypid = RangeTypeGetOid(r1);
+        typcache = lookup_type_cache(rngtypid, TYPECACHE_RANGE_INFO);
+        if (typcache-&gt;rngelemtype == NULL)
+            elog(ERROR, "type %u is not a range type", rngtypid);
+        range_without_portion_internal(typcache, r1, r2, fctx-&gt;rs, &amp;fctx-&gt;n);
+
+        funcctx-&gt;user_fctx = fctx;
+        MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
+    }
+
+    /* stuff done on every call of the function */
+    funcctx = SRF_PERCALL_SETUP();
+    fctx = funcctx-&gt;user_fctx;
+
+    if (funcctx-&gt;call_cntr &lt; fctx-&gt;n)
+    {
+        /*
+         * We must keep these on separate lines
+         * because SRF_RETURN_NEXT does call_cntr++:
+         */
+        RangeType *ret = fctx-&gt;rs[funcctx-&gt;call_cntr];
+        SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, RangeTypePGetDatum(ret));
+    }
+    else
+        /* do when there is no more left */
+        SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
+}
+</programlisting>
+      </para>
+     </listitem>
+    </varlistentry>
   </variablelist>
 
   <para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/xindex.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/xindex.sgml
index 3a19dab15e0..85ef539d07c 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/xindex.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/xindex.sgml
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@
    </table>
 
   <para>
-   GiST indexes have twelve support functions, seven of which are optional,
+   GiST indexes have thirteen support functions, eight of which are optional,
    as shown in <xref linkend="xindex-gist-support-table"/>.
    (For more information see <xref linkend="gist"/>.)
   </para>
@@ -596,6 +596,12 @@
         used by the operator class (optional)</entry>
        <entry>12</entry>
       </row>
+      <row>
+       <entry><function>without_portion</function></entry>
+       <entry>computes remaining duration(s) after deleting
+       second parameter from first (optional)</entry>
+       <entry>13</entry>
+      </row>
      </tbody>
     </tgroup>
    </table>
diff --git a/src/backend/access/brin/brin_validate.c b/src/backend/access/brin/brin_validate.c
index 539ac9cb064..082f96b847d 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/brin/brin_validate.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/brin/brin_validate.c
@@ -87,21 +87,21 @@ brinvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 		switch (procform->amprocnum)
 		{
 			case BRIN_PROCNUM_OPCINFO:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, false, true,
 											1, 1, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case BRIN_PROCNUM_ADDVALUE:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, false, true,
 											4, 4, INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID,
 											INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case BRIN_PROCNUM_CONSISTENT:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, false, true,
 											3, 4, INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID,
 											INTERNALOID, INT4OID);
 				break;
 			case BRIN_PROCNUM_UNION:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, false, true,
 											3, 3, INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID,
 											INTERNALOID);
 				break;
diff --git a/src/backend/access/gin/ginvalidate.c b/src/backend/access/gin/ginvalidate.c
index 74420a129aa..748b94a893f 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/gin/ginvalidate.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/gin/ginvalidate.c
@@ -104,37 +104,37 @@ ginvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 		switch (procform->amprocnum)
 		{
 			case GIN_COMPARE_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT4OID, false,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT4OID, false, false,
 											2, 2, opckeytype, opckeytype);
 				break;
 			case GIN_EXTRACTVALUE_PROC:
 				/* Some opclasses omit nullFlags */
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, false,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, false, false,
 											2, 3, opcintype, INTERNALOID,
 											INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case GIN_EXTRACTQUERY_PROC:
 				/* Some opclasses omit nullFlags and searchMode */
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, false,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, false, false,
 											5, 7, opcintype, INTERNALOID,
 											INT2OID, INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID,
 											INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case GIN_CONSISTENT_PROC:
 				/* Some opclasses omit queryKeys and nullFlags */
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, false,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, false, false,
 											6, 8, INTERNALOID, INT2OID,
 											opcintype, INT4OID,
 											INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID,
 											INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case GIN_COMPARE_PARTIAL_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT4OID, false,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT4OID, false, false,
 											4, 4, opckeytype, opckeytype,
 											INT2OID, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case GIN_TRICONSISTENT_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, CHAROID, false,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, CHAROID, false, false,
 											7, 7, INTERNALOID, INT2OID,
 											opcintype, INT4OID,
 											INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID,
diff --git a/src/backend/access/gist/gistvalidate.c b/src/backend/access/gist/gistvalidate.c
index 0901543a60a..38740b46bbf 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/gist/gistvalidate.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/gist/gistvalidate.c
@@ -106,36 +106,36 @@ gistvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 		switch (procform->amprocnum)
 		{
 			case GIST_CONSISTENT_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, false,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, false, false,
 											5, 5, INTERNALOID, opcintype,
 											INT2OID, OIDOID, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case GIST_UNION_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, opckeytype, false,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, opckeytype, false, false,
 											2, 2, INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case GIST_COMPRESS_PROC:
 			case GIST_DECOMPRESS_PROC:
 			case GIST_FETCH_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, false, true,
 											1, 1, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case GIST_PENALTY_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, false, true,
 											3, 3, INTERNALOID,
 											INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case GIST_PICKSPLIT_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, false, true,
 											2, 2, INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case GIST_EQUAL_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, false,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INTERNALOID, false, false,
 											3, 3, opckeytype, opckeytype,
 											INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case GIST_DISTANCE_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, FLOAT8OID, false,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, FLOAT8OID, false, false,
 											5, 5, INTERNALOID, opcintype,
 											INT2OID, OIDOID, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
@@ -143,13 +143,17 @@ gistvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 				ok = check_amoptsproc_signature(procform->amproc);
 				break;
 			case GIST_SORTSUPPORT_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, VOIDOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, VOIDOID, false, true,
 											1, 1, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case GIST_STRATNUM_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT2OID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT2OID, false, true,
 											1, 1, INT2OID);
 				break;
+			case GIST_WITHOUT_PORTION_PROC:
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, opcintype, true, true,
+											2, 2, opcintype, opcintype);
+				break;
 			default:
 				ereport(INFO,
 						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_OBJECT_DEFINITION),
@@ -271,7 +275,7 @@ gistvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 		if (i == GIST_DISTANCE_PROC || i == GIST_FETCH_PROC ||
 			i == GIST_COMPRESS_PROC || i == GIST_DECOMPRESS_PROC ||
 			i == GIST_OPTIONS_PROC || i == GIST_SORTSUPPORT_PROC ||
-			i == GIST_STRATNUM_PROC)
+			i == GIST_STRATNUM_PROC || i == GIST_WITHOUT_PORTION_PROC)
 			continue;			/* optional methods */
 		ereport(INFO,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_OBJECT_DEFINITION),
@@ -344,6 +348,7 @@ gistadjustmembers(Oid opfamilyoid,
 			case GIST_OPTIONS_PROC:
 			case GIST_SORTSUPPORT_PROC:
 			case GIST_STRATNUM_PROC:
+			case GIST_WITHOUT_PORTION_PROC:
 				/* Optional, so force it to be a soft family dependency */
 				op->ref_is_hard = false;
 				op->ref_is_family = true;
diff --git a/src/backend/access/hash/hashvalidate.c b/src/backend/access/hash/hashvalidate.c
index 66a3b7b49ad..3a8bd635b38 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/hash/hashvalidate.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/hash/hashvalidate.c
@@ -104,11 +104,11 @@ hashvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 		switch (procform->amprocnum)
 		{
 			case HASHSTANDARD_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT4OID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT4OID, false, true,
 											1, 1, procform->amproclefttype);
 				break;
 			case HASHEXTENDED_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT8OID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT8OID, false, true,
 											2, 2, procform->amproclefttype, INT8OID);
 				break;
 			case HASHOPTIONS_PROC:
diff --git a/src/backend/access/index/amvalidate.c b/src/backend/access/index/amvalidate.c
index 32bb477f328..b10308b9b66 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/index/amvalidate.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/index/amvalidate.c
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ identify_opfamily_groups(CatCList *oprlist, CatCList *proclist)
  * In any case the function result type must match restype exactly.
  */
 bool
-check_amproc_signature(Oid funcid, Oid restype, bool exact,
+check_amproc_signature(Oid funcid, Oid restype, bool retset, bool exact,
 					   int minargs, int maxargs,...)
 {
 	bool		result = true;
@@ -163,8 +163,9 @@ check_amproc_signature(Oid funcid, Oid restype, bool exact,
 		elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for function %u", funcid);
 	procform = (Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(tp);
 
-	if (procform->prorettype != restype || procform->proretset ||
-		procform->pronargs < minargs || procform->pronargs > maxargs)
+	if ((procform->prorettype != restype && OidIsValid(restype))
+		|| procform->proretset != retset || procform->pronargs < minargs
+		|| procform->pronargs > maxargs)
 		result = false;
 
 	va_start(ap, maxargs);
@@ -191,7 +192,7 @@ check_amproc_signature(Oid funcid, Oid restype, bool exact,
 bool
 check_amoptsproc_signature(Oid funcid)
 {
-	return check_amproc_signature(funcid, VOIDOID, true, 1, 1, INTERNALOID);
+	return check_amproc_signature(funcid, VOIDOID, false, true, 1, 1, INTERNALOID);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/access/nbtree/nbtvalidate.c b/src/backend/access/nbtree/nbtvalidate.c
index e9d4cd60de3..04e43ef1dce 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/nbtree/nbtvalidate.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/nbtree/nbtvalidate.c
@@ -91,16 +91,16 @@ btvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 		switch (procform->amprocnum)
 		{
 			case BTORDER_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT4OID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, INT4OID, false, true,
 											2, 2, procform->amproclefttype,
 											procform->amprocrighttype);
 				break;
 			case BTSORTSUPPORT_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, VOIDOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, VOIDOID, false, true,
 											1, 1, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case BTINRANGE_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, false, true,
 											5, 5,
 											procform->amproclefttype,
 											procform->amproclefttype,
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ btvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 											BOOLOID, BOOLOID);
 				break;
 			case BTEQUALIMAGE_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, false, true,
 											1, 1, OIDOID);
 				break;
 			case BTOPTIONS_PROC:
diff --git a/src/backend/access/spgist/spgvalidate.c b/src/backend/access/spgist/spgvalidate.c
index 850c3b675d6..f7a397cb8cf 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/spgist/spgvalidate.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/spgist/spgvalidate.c
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ spgvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 		switch (procform->amprocnum)
 		{
 			case SPGIST_CONFIG_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, VOIDOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, VOIDOID, false, true,
 											2, 2, INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID);
 				configIn.attType = procform->amproclefttype;
 				memset(&configOut, 0, sizeof(configOut));
@@ -164,11 +164,11 @@ spgvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 			case SPGIST_CHOOSE_PROC:
 			case SPGIST_PICKSPLIT_PROC:
 			case SPGIST_INNER_CONSISTENT_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, VOIDOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, VOIDOID, false, true,
 											2, 2, INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case SPGIST_LEAF_CONSISTENT_PROC:
-				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, true,
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, BOOLOID, false, true,
 											2, 2, INTERNALOID, INTERNALOID);
 				break;
 			case SPGIST_COMPRESS_PROC:
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ spgvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 					ok = false;
 				else
 					ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc,
-												configOutLeafType, true,
+												configOutLeafType, false, true,
 												1, 1, procform->amproclefttype);
 				break;
 			case SPGIST_OPTIONS_PROC:
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/multirangetypes.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/multirangetypes.c
index 558c6c18c34..c7de78dcd9e 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/multirangetypes.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/multirangetypes.c
@@ -1225,6 +1225,77 @@ multirange_minus_internal(Oid mltrngtypoid, TypeCacheEntry *rangetyp,
 	return make_multirange(mltrngtypoid, rangetyp, range_count3, ranges3);
 }
 
+/*
+ * multirange_without_portion - multirange minus but returning the result as a SRF,
+ * with no rows if the result would be empty.
+ */
+Datum
+multirange_without_portion(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	FuncCallContext *funcctx;
+	MemoryContext oldcontext;
+
+	if (!SRF_IS_FIRSTCALL())
+	{
+		/* We never have more than one result */
+		funcctx = SRF_PERCALL_SETUP();
+		SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		MultirangeType *mr1;
+		MultirangeType *mr2;
+		Oid			mltrngtypoid;
+		TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
+		TypeCacheEntry *rangetyp;
+		int32		range_count1;
+		int32		range_count2;
+		RangeType **ranges1;
+		RangeType **ranges2;
+		MultirangeType *mr;
+
+		funcctx = SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT();
+
+		/*
+		 * switch to memory context appropriate for multiple function calls
+		 */
+		oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(funcctx->multi_call_memory_ctx);
+
+		/* get args, detoasting into multi-call memory context */
+		mr1 = PG_GETARG_MULTIRANGE_P(0);
+		mr2 = PG_GETARG_MULTIRANGE_P(1);
+
+		mltrngtypoid = MultirangeTypeGetOid(mr1);
+		typcache = lookup_type_cache(mltrngtypoid, TYPECACHE_MULTIRANGE_INFO);
+		if (typcache->rngtype == NULL)
+			elog(ERROR, "type %u is not a multirange type", mltrngtypoid);
+		rangetyp = typcache->rngtype;
+
+		if (MultirangeIsEmpty(mr1) || MultirangeIsEmpty(mr2))
+			mr = mr1;
+		else
+		{
+			multirange_deserialize(rangetyp, mr1, &range_count1, &ranges1);
+			multirange_deserialize(rangetyp, mr2, &range_count2, &ranges2);
+
+			mr = multirange_minus_internal(mltrngtypoid,
+										   rangetyp,
+										   range_count1,
+										   ranges1,
+										   range_count2,
+										   ranges2);
+		}
+
+		MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
+
+		funcctx = SRF_PERCALL_SETUP();
+		if (MultirangeIsEmpty(mr))
+			SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
+		else
+			SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, MultirangeTypePGetDatum(mr));
+	}
+}
+
 /* multirange intersection */
 Datum
 multirange_intersect(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/rangetypes.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/rangetypes.c
index 2d94a6b8774..6f85e1f1bdf 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/rangetypes.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/rangetypes.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include "common/hashfn.h"
+#include "funcapi.h"
 #include "libpq/pqformat.h"
 #include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@
 #include "optimizer/clauses.h"
 #include "optimizer/cost.h"
 #include "optimizer/optimizer.h"
+#include "utils/array.h"
 #include "utils/builtins.h"
 #include "utils/date.h"
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
@@ -1213,6 +1215,170 @@ range_split_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeT
 	return false;
 }
 
+/*
+ * range_without_portion - subtraction but as a SRF to accommodate splits,
+ * with no result rows if the result would be empty.
+ */
+Datum
+range_without_portion(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	typedef struct {
+		RangeType  *rs[2];
+		int			n;
+	} range_without_portion_fctx;
+
+	FuncCallContext *funcctx;
+	range_without_portion_fctx *fctx;
+	MemoryContext oldcontext;
+
+	/* stuff done only on the first call of the function */
+	if (SRF_IS_FIRSTCALL())
+	{
+		RangeType	   *r1;
+		RangeType	   *r2;
+		Oid				rngtypid;
+		TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
+
+		/* create a function context for cross-call persistence */
+		funcctx = SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT();
+
+		/*
+		 * switch to memory context appropriate for multiple function calls
+		 */
+		oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(funcctx->multi_call_memory_ctx);
+
+		r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
+		r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
+
+		/* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
+		if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
+			elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
+
+		/* allocate memory for user context */
+		fctx = (range_without_portion_fctx *) palloc(sizeof(range_without_portion_fctx));
+
+		/*
+		 * Initialize state.
+		 * We can't store the range typcache in fn_extra because the caller
+		 * uses that for the SRF state.
+		 */
+		rngtypid = RangeTypeGetOid(r1);
+		typcache = lookup_type_cache(rngtypid, TYPECACHE_RANGE_INFO);
+		if (typcache->rngelemtype == NULL)
+			elog(ERROR, "type %u is not a range type", rngtypid);
+		range_without_portion_internal(typcache, r1, r2, fctx->rs, &fctx->n);
+
+		funcctx->user_fctx = fctx;
+		MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
+	}
+
+	/* stuff done on every call of the function */
+	funcctx = SRF_PERCALL_SETUP();
+	fctx = funcctx->user_fctx;
+
+	if (funcctx->call_cntr < fctx->n)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * We must keep these on separate lines
+		 * because SRF_RETURN_NEXT does call_cntr++:
+		 */
+		RangeType *ret = fctx->rs[funcctx->call_cntr];
+		SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, RangeTypePGetDatum(ret));
+	}
+	else
+		/* do when there is no more left */
+		SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
+}
+
+/*
+ * range_without_portion_internal - Sets outputs and outputn to the ranges
+ * remaining and their count (respectively) after subtracting r2 from r1.
+ * The array should never contain empty ranges.
+ * The outputs will be ordered. We expect that outputs is an array of
+ * RangeType pointers, already allocated with two elements.
+ */
+void
+range_without_portion_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, RangeType *r1,
+							   RangeType *r2, RangeType **outputs, int *outputn)
+{
+	int			cmp_l1l2,
+				cmp_l1u2,
+				cmp_u1l2,
+				cmp_u1u2;
+	RangeBound	lower1,
+				lower2;
+	RangeBound	upper1,
+				upper2;
+	bool		empty1,
+				empty2;
+
+	range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
+	range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
+
+	if (empty1)
+	{
+		/* if r1 is empty then r1 - r2 is empty, so return zero results */
+		*outputn = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+	else if (empty2)
+	{
+		/* r2 is empty so the result is just r1 (which we know is not empty) */
+		outputs[0] = r1;
+		*outputn = 1;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Use the same logic as range_minus_internal,
+	 * but support the split case
+	 */
+	cmp_l1l2 = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2);
+	cmp_l1u2 = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &upper2);
+	cmp_u1l2 = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &lower2);
+	cmp_u1u2 = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &upper2);
+
+	if (cmp_l1l2 < 0 && cmp_u1u2 > 0)
+	{
+		lower2.inclusive = !lower2.inclusive;
+		lower2.lower = false;	/* it will become the upper bound */
+		outputs[0] = make_range(typcache, &lower1, &lower2, false, NULL);
+
+		upper2.inclusive = !upper2.inclusive;
+		upper2.lower = true;	/* it will become the lower bound */
+		outputs[1] = make_range(typcache, &upper2, &upper1, false, NULL);
+
+		*outputn = 2;
+	}
+	else if (cmp_l1u2 > 0 || cmp_u1l2 < 0)
+	{
+		outputs[0] = r1;
+		*outputn = 1;
+	}
+	else if (cmp_l1l2 >= 0 && cmp_u1u2 <= 0)
+	{
+		*outputn = 0;
+	}
+	else if (cmp_l1l2 <= 0 && cmp_u1l2 >= 0 && cmp_u1u2 <= 0)
+	{
+		lower2.inclusive = !lower2.inclusive;
+		lower2.lower = false;	/* it will become the upper bound */
+		outputs[0] = make_range(typcache, &lower1, &lower2, false, NULL);
+		*outputn = 1;
+	}
+	else if (cmp_l1l2 >= 0 && cmp_u1u2 >= 0 && cmp_l1u2 <= 0)
+	{
+		upper2.inclusive = !upper2.inclusive;
+		upper2.lower = true;	/* it will become the lower bound */
+		outputs[0] = make_range(typcache, &upper2, &upper1, false, NULL);
+		*outputn = 1;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		elog(ERROR, "unexpected case in range_without_portion");
+	}
+}
+
 /* range -> range aggregate functions */
 
 Datum
diff --git a/src/include/access/amvalidate.h b/src/include/access/amvalidate.h
index 424ab63fa5a..61039542dac 100644
--- a/src/include/access/amvalidate.h
+++ b/src/include/access/amvalidate.h
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ typedef struct OpFamilyOpFuncGroup
 
 /* Functions in access/index/amvalidate.c */
 extern List *identify_opfamily_groups(CatCList *oprlist, CatCList *proclist);
-extern bool check_amproc_signature(Oid funcid, Oid restype, bool exact,
-								   int minargs, int maxargs,...);
+extern bool check_amproc_signature(Oid funcid, Oid restype, bool retset,
+								   bool exact, int minargs, int maxargs,...);
 extern bool check_amoptsproc_signature(Oid funcid);
 extern bool check_amop_signature(Oid opno, Oid restype,
 								 Oid lefttype, Oid righttype);
diff --git a/src/include/access/gist.h b/src/include/access/gist.h
index 22dd04c1418..8d6c99f5ebe 100644
--- a/src/include/access/gist.h
+++ b/src/include/access/gist.h
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@
 #define GIST_OPTIONS_PROC				10
 #define GIST_SORTSUPPORT_PROC			11
 #define GIST_STRATNUM_PROC				12
-#define GISTNProcs					12
+#define GIST_WITHOUT_PORTION_PROC		13
+#define GISTNProcs					13
 
 /*
  * Page opaque data in a GiST index page.
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat
index 5d7fe292bf6..0a4db325faa 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat
@@ -609,6 +609,9 @@
 { amprocfamily => 'gist/range_ops', amproclefttype => 'anyrange',
   amprocrighttype => 'anyrange', amprocnum => '12',
   amproc => 'gist_stratnum_identity' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'gist/range_ops', amproclefttype => 'anyrange',
+  amprocrighttype => 'anyrange', amprocnum => '13',
+  amproc => 'range_without_portion(anyrange,anyrange)' },
 { amprocfamily => 'gist/network_ops', amproclefttype => 'inet',
   amprocrighttype => 'inet', amprocnum => '1',
   amproc => 'inet_gist_consistent' },
@@ -649,6 +652,9 @@
 { amprocfamily => 'gist/multirange_ops', amproclefttype => 'anymultirange',
   amprocrighttype => 'anymultirange', amprocnum => '12',
   amproc => 'gist_stratnum_identity' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'gist/multirange_ops', amproclefttype => 'anymultirange',
+  amprocrighttype => 'anymultirange', amprocnum => '13',
+  amproc => 'multirange_without_portion(anymultirange,anymultirange)' },
 
 # gin
 { amprocfamily => 'gin/array_ops', amproclefttype => 'anyarray',
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
index cbbe8acd382..4139df94c9b 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
@@ -10739,6 +10739,10 @@
 { oid => '3869',
   proname => 'range_minus', prorettype => 'anyrange',
   proargtypes => 'anyrange anyrange', prosrc => 'range_minus' },
+{ oid => '8408', descr => 'remove portion from range',
+  proname => 'range_without_portion', prorows => '2',
+  proretset => 't', prorettype => 'anyrange',
+  proargtypes => 'anyrange anyrange', prosrc => 'range_without_portion' },
 { oid => '3870', descr => 'less-equal-greater',
   proname => 'range_cmp', prorettype => 'int4',
   proargtypes => 'anyrange anyrange', prosrc => 'range_cmp' },
@@ -11026,6 +11030,10 @@
 { oid => '4271',
   proname => 'multirange_minus', prorettype => 'anymultirange',
   proargtypes => 'anymultirange anymultirange', prosrc => 'multirange_minus' },
+{ oid => '8406', descr => 'remove portion from multirange',
+  proname => 'multirange_without_portion', prorows => '1',
+  proretset => 't', prorettype => 'anymultirange',
+  proargtypes => 'anymultirange anymultirange', prosrc => 'multirange_without_portion' },
 { oid => '4272',
   proname => 'multirange_intersect', prorettype => 'anymultirange',
   proargtypes => 'anymultirange anymultirange',
diff --git a/src/include/utils/rangetypes.h b/src/include/utils/rangetypes.h
index 2b574873cef..e1b256b65f4 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/rangetypes.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/rangetypes.h
@@ -164,5 +164,7 @@ extern RangeType *make_empty_range(TypeCacheEntry *typcache);
 extern bool range_split_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1,
 								 const RangeType *r2, RangeType **output1,
 								 RangeType **output2);
+extern void range_without_portion_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, RangeType *r1,
+									RangeType *r2, RangeType **outputs, int *outputn);
 
 #endif							/* RANGETYPES_H */
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/multirangetypes.out b/src/test/regress/expected/multirangetypes.out
index c6363ebeb24..11aa282ff35 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/multirangetypes.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/multirangetypes.out
@@ -2200,6 +2200,122 @@ SELECT nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)) - nummultirange(numrange(-2,0
  {[1,2),[4,5)}
 (1 row)
 
+-- without_portion
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(), nummultirange());
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(), nummultirange(numrange(1,2)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2)), nummultirange());
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[1,2)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(3,4)), nummultirange());
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[1,2),[3,4)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2)), nummultirange(numrange(1,2)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2)), nummultirange(numrange(2,4)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[1,2)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2)), nummultirange(numrange(3,4)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[1,2)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,4)), nummultirange(numrange(1,2)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[2,4)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,4)), nummultirange(numrange(2,3)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[1,2),[3,4)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,4)), nummultirange(numrange(0,8)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,4)), nummultirange(numrange(0,2)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[2,4)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,8)), nummultirange(numrange(0,2), numrange(3,4)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[2,3),[4,8)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,8)), nummultirange(numrange(2,3), numrange(5,null)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[1,2),[3,5)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(-2,0)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[1,2),[4,5)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(2,4)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[1,2),[4,5)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(3,5)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[1,2)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(0,9)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,3), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(2,9)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[1,2)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(8,9)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[1,2),[4,5)}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(-2,0), numrange(8,9)));
+ multirange_without_portion 
+----------------------------
+ {[1,2),[4,5)}
+(1 row)
+
 -- intersection
 SELECT nummultirange() * nummultirange();
  ?column? 
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/rangetypes.out b/src/test/regress/expected/rangetypes.out
index a7cc220bf0d..ab2309e8c1d 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/rangetypes.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/rangetypes.out
@@ -481,6 +481,60 @@ select range_minus(numrange(10.1,12.2,'[]'), numrange(0.0,120.2,'(]'));
  empty
 (1 row)
 
+select range_without_portion('empty'::numrange, numrange(2.0, 3.0));
+ range_without_portion 
+-----------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select range_without_portion(numrange(1.1, 2.2), 'empty'::numrange);
+ range_without_portion 
+-----------------------
+ [1.1,2.2)
+(1 row)
+
+select range_without_portion(numrange(1.1, 2.2), numrange(2.0, 3.0));
+ range_without_portion 
+-----------------------
+ [1.1,2.0)
+(1 row)
+
+select range_without_portion(numrange(1.1, 2.2), numrange(2.2, 3.0));
+ range_without_portion 
+-----------------------
+ [1.1,2.2)
+(1 row)
+
+select range_without_portion(numrange(1.1, 2.2,'[]'), numrange(2.0, 3.0));
+ range_without_portion 
+-----------------------
+ [1.1,2.0)
+(1 row)
+
+select range_without_portion(numrange(1.0, 3.0), numrange(1.5, 2.0));
+ range_without_portion 
+-----------------------
+ [1.0,1.5)
+ [2.0,3.0)
+(2 rows)
+
+select range_without_portion(numrange(10.1,12.2,'[]'), numrange(110.0,120.2,'(]'));
+ range_without_portion 
+-----------------------
+ [10.1,12.2]
+(1 row)
+
+select range_without_portion(numrange(10.1,12.2,'[]'), numrange(0.0,120.2,'(]'));
+ range_without_portion 
+-----------------------
+(0 rows)
+
+select range_without_portion(numrange(1.0,3.0,'[]'), numrange(1.5,2.0,'(]'));
+ range_without_portion 
+-----------------------
+ [1.0,1.5]
+ (2.0,3.0]
+(2 rows)
+
 select numrange(4.5, 5.5, '[]') && numrange(5.5, 6.5);
  ?column? 
 ----------
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/multirangetypes.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/multirangetypes.sql
index 41d5524285a..0bfa71caca0 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/multirangetypes.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/multirangetypes.sql
@@ -414,6 +414,28 @@ SELECT nummultirange(numrange(1,3), numrange(4,5)) - nummultirange(numrange(2,9)
 SELECT nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)) - nummultirange(numrange(8,9));
 SELECT nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)) - nummultirange(numrange(-2,0), numrange(8,9));
 
+-- without_portion
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(), nummultirange());
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(), nummultirange(numrange(1,2)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2)), nummultirange());
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(3,4)), nummultirange());
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2)), nummultirange(numrange(1,2)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2)), nummultirange(numrange(2,4)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2)), nummultirange(numrange(3,4)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,4)), nummultirange(numrange(1,2)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,4)), nummultirange(numrange(2,3)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,4)), nummultirange(numrange(0,8)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,4)), nummultirange(numrange(0,2)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,8)), nummultirange(numrange(0,2), numrange(3,4)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,8)), nummultirange(numrange(2,3), numrange(5,null)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(-2,0)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(2,4)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(3,5)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(0,9)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,3), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(2,9)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(8,9)));
+SELECT multirange_without_portion(nummultirange(numrange(1,2), numrange(4,5)), nummultirange(numrange(-2,0), numrange(8,9)));
+
 -- intersection
 SELECT nummultirange() * nummultirange();
 SELECT nummultirange() * nummultirange(numrange(1,2));
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/rangetypes.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/rangetypes.sql
index a5ecdf5372f..7fc805d9ffa 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/rangetypes.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/rangetypes.sql
@@ -107,6 +107,16 @@ select numrange(1.1, 2.2,'[]') - numrange(2.0, 3.0);
 select range_minus(numrange(10.1,12.2,'[]'), numrange(110.0,120.2,'(]'));
 select range_minus(numrange(10.1,12.2,'[]'), numrange(0.0,120.2,'(]'));
 
+select range_without_portion('empty'::numrange, numrange(2.0, 3.0));
+select range_without_portion(numrange(1.1, 2.2), 'empty'::numrange);
+select range_without_portion(numrange(1.1, 2.2), numrange(2.0, 3.0));
+select range_without_portion(numrange(1.1, 2.2), numrange(2.2, 3.0));
+select range_without_portion(numrange(1.1, 2.2,'[]'), numrange(2.0, 3.0));
+select range_without_portion(numrange(1.0, 3.0), numrange(1.5, 2.0));
+select range_without_portion(numrange(10.1,12.2,'[]'), numrange(110.0,120.2,'(]'));
+select range_without_portion(numrange(10.1,12.2,'[]'), numrange(0.0,120.2,'(]'));
+select range_without_portion(numrange(1.0,3.0,'[]'), numrange(1.5,2.0,'(]'));
+
 select numrange(4.5, 5.5, '[]') && numrange(5.5, 6.5);
 select numrange(1.0, 2.0) << numrange(3.0, 4.0);
 select numrange(1.0, 3.0,'[]') << numrange(3.0, 4.0,'[]');
-- 
2.42.0



  [text/x-patch] v45-0003-Fix-NOACTION-temporal-foreign-keys-when-the-refe.patch (23.8K, ../[email protected]/4-v45-0003-Fix-NOACTION-temporal-foreign-keys-when-the-refe.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 7fb98fb66986e168ccfa36cd41a000b98ca7b5e4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Paul A. Jungwirth" <[email protected]>
Date: Sat, 9 Nov 2024 14:05:48 -0800
Subject: [PATCH v45 3/8] Fix NOACTION temporal foreign keys when the
 referenced endpoints change

If a referenced UPDATE changes the temporal start/end times, shrinking
the span the row is valid, we get a false return from ri_Check_Pk_Match,
but overlapping references may still be valid, if their reference didn't
overlap with the removed span.

We need to consider what span(s) are still provided in the referenced
table. Instead of returning that from ri_Check_Pk_Match, we can just
we look it up in the main SQL query.

Reported-by: Sam Gabrielsson
Author: Paul Jungwirth
---
 src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c           | 16 ++-
 src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c              |  4 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c           | 98 ++++++++++++++++++-
 src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h           |  3 +-
 src/include/catalog/pg_operator.dat           |  6 +-
 .../regress/expected/without_overlaps.out     | 68 ++++++++++++-
 src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql     | 60 +++++++++++-
 7 files changed, 244 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
index 9c05a98d28c..fe754ecd1d8 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
@@ -1609,11 +1609,14 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks,
  * aggedcontainedbyoperoid is also a ContainedBy operator,
  * but one whose rhs is a multirange.
  * That way foreign keys can compare fkattr <@ range_agg(pkattr).
+ * intersectoperoid is used by NO ACTION constraints to trim the range being considered
+ * to just what was updated/deleted.
  */
 void
 FindFKPeriodOpers(Oid opclass,
 				  Oid *containedbyoperoid,
-				  Oid *aggedcontainedbyoperoid)
+				  Oid *aggedcontainedbyoperoid,
+				  Oid *intersectoperoid)
 {
 	Oid			opfamily = InvalidOid;
 	Oid			opcintype = InvalidOid;
@@ -1654,6 +1657,17 @@ FindFKPeriodOpers(Oid opclass,
 									 ANYMULTIRANGEOID,
 									 aggedcontainedbyoperoid,
 									 &strat);
+
+	switch (opcintype) {
+		case ANYRANGEOID:
+			*intersectoperoid = OID_RANGE_INTERSECT_RANGE_OP;
+			break;
+		case ANYMULTIRANGEOID:
+			*intersectoperoid = OID_MULTIRANGE_INTERSECT_MULTIRANGE_OP;
+			break;
+		default:
+			elog(ERROR, "Unexpected opcintype: %u", opcintype);
+	}
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
index 1af2e2bffb2..1f8e381bc0a 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
@@ -10224,8 +10224,10 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel,
 	{
 		Oid			periodoperoid;
 		Oid			aggedperiodoperoid;
+		Oid			intersectoperoid;
 
-		FindFKPeriodOpers(opclasses[numpks - 1], &periodoperoid, &aggedperiodoperoid);
+		FindFKPeriodOpers(opclasses[numpks - 1], &periodoperoid, &aggedperiodoperoid,
+						  &intersectoperoid);
 	}
 
 	/* First, create the constraint catalog entry itself. */
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c
index 91792cb2a47..d6b5e43134d 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c
@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo
 	Oid			ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */
 	Oid			period_contained_by_oper;	/* anyrange <@ anyrange */
 	Oid			agged_period_contained_by_oper; /* fkattr <@ range_agg(pkattr) */
+	Oid			period_intersect_oper;	/* anyrange * anyrange */
 	dlist_node	valid_link;		/* Link in list of valid entries */
 } RI_ConstraintInfo;
 
@@ -731,8 +732,11 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action)
 	 * not do anything.  However, this check should only be made in the NO
 	 * ACTION case; in RESTRICT cases we don't wish to allow another row to be
 	 * substituted.
+	 *
+	 * If the foreign key has PERIOD, we incorporate looking for replacement
+	 * rows in the main SQL query below, so we needn't do it here.
 	 */
-	if (is_no_action &&
+	if (is_no_action && !riinfo->hasperiod &&
 		ri_Check_Pk_Match(pk_rel, fk_rel, oldslot, riinfo))
 	{
 		table_close(fk_rel, RowShareLock);
@@ -750,8 +754,10 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action)
 	if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL)
 	{
 		StringInfoData querybuf;
+		char		pkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN];
 		char		fkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN];
 		char		attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN];
+		char		periodattname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN];
 		char		paramname[16];
 		const char *querysep;
 		Oid			queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS];
@@ -763,6 +769,26 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action)
 		 *		   FOR KEY SHARE OF x
 		 * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the
 		 * corresponding PK attributes.
+		 *
+		 * For temporal foreign keys a reference could still be valid,
+		 * if the referenced range didn't change too much.
+		 * Also if the referencing time span extends past the current PK row,
+		 * we don't want to check that part: some other PK row should fulfill it.
+		 * We only want to validate the part matching the PK record we've changed.
+		 * Therefore to find invalid records we do this:
+		 * SELECT 1
+		 * FROM [ONLY] <fktable> x
+		 * WHERE $1 = x.fkatt1 [AND ...] AND $n && x.fkperiod
+		 * AND NOT coalesce((x.fkperiod * $n) <@
+		 *  (SELECT range_agg(r)
+		 *   FROM (SELECT y.pkperiod r
+		 *         FROM [ONLY] <pktable> y
+		 *         WHERE $1 = y.pkatt1 [AND ...] AND $n && y.pkperiod
+		 *         FOR KEY SHARE OF y) y2), false)
+		 * FOR KEY SHARE OF x
+		 * We need the coalesce in case the first subquery returns no rows.
+		 * We need the second subquery because FOR KEY SHARE doesn't support
+		 * aggregate queries.
 		 * ----------
 		 */
 		initStringInfo(&querybuf);
@@ -787,6 +813,73 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action)
 			querysep = "AND";
 			queryoids[i] = pk_type;
 		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Don't fail if the remaining history still fulfills the references.
+		 * Only check the part of the references intersecting with oldslot,
+		 * since the rest would be fulfilled by some other pk record.
+		 *
+		 * For NOACTION we can query the pk table and use whatever we find
+		 * (instead of calling ri_Check_Pk_Match above).
+		 */
+		if (riinfo->hasperiod && is_no_action)
+		{
+			Oid				pk_period_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]);
+			Oid				fk_period_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]);
+			StringInfoData	intersectbuf;
+			StringInfoData	replacementsbuf;
+			char *pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ?
+				"" : "ONLY ";
+
+			quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]));
+			sprintf(paramname, "$%d", riinfo->nkeys);
+
+			appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " AND NOT coalesce(");
+
+			/* Intersect the fk with the old pk range */
+			initStringInfo(&intersectbuf);
+			appendStringInfoString(&intersectbuf, "(");
+			ri_GenerateQual(&intersectbuf, "",
+							attname, fk_period_type,
+							riinfo->period_intersect_oper,
+							paramname, pk_period_type);
+			appendStringInfoString(&intersectbuf, ")");
+
+			/* Find the remaining history */
+			initStringInfo(&replacementsbuf);
+			appendStringInfoString(&replacementsbuf, "(SELECT pg_catalog.range_agg(r) FROM ");
+
+			quoteOneName(periodattname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]));
+			quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel);
+			appendStringInfo(&replacementsbuf, "(SELECT y.%s r FROM %s%s y",
+							 periodattname, pk_only, pkrelname);
+
+			/* Restrict pk rows to what matches */
+			querysep = "WHERE";
+			for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++)
+			{
+				Oid		pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]);
+
+				quoteOneName(attname,
+							 RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]));
+				sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1);
+				ri_GenerateQual(&replacementsbuf, querysep,
+								paramname, pk_type,
+								riinfo->pp_eq_oprs[i],
+								attname, pk_type);
+				querysep = "AND";
+				queryoids[i] = pk_type;
+			}
+			appendStringInfoString(&replacementsbuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF y) y2)");
+
+			ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, "",
+							intersectbuf.data, fk_period_type,
+							riinfo->agged_period_contained_by_oper,
+							replacementsbuf.data, ANYMULTIRANGEOID);
+			/* end of coalesce: */
+			appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, ", false)");
+		}
+
 		appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " FOR KEY SHARE OF x");
 
 		/* Prepare and save the plan */
@@ -2244,7 +2337,8 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid)
 
 		FindFKPeriodOpers(opclass,
 						  &riinfo->period_contained_by_oper,
-						  &riinfo->agged_period_contained_by_oper);
+						  &riinfo->agged_period_contained_by_oper,
+						  &riinfo->period_intersect_oper);
 	}
 
 	ReleaseSysCache(tup);
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h
index 4b4476738a2..5edd4eb8a33 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h
@@ -288,7 +288,8 @@ extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks,
 									   int *num_fk_del_set_cols, AttrNumber *fk_del_set_cols);
 extern void FindFKPeriodOpers(Oid opclass,
 							  Oid *containedbyoperoid,
-							  Oid *aggedcontainedbyoperoid);
+							  Oid *aggedcontainedbyoperoid,
+							  Oid *intersectoperoid);
 
 extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid,
 									  Index varno, Index varlevelsup,
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_operator.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_operator.dat
index 0e7511dde1c..aeddd292e2c 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_operator.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_operator.dat
@@ -3150,7 +3150,8 @@
 { oid => '3899', descr => 'range difference',
   oprname => '-', oprleft => 'anyrange', oprright => 'anyrange',
   oprresult => 'anyrange', oprcode => 'range_minus' },
-{ oid => '3900', descr => 'range intersection',
+{ oid => '3900', oid_symbol => 'OID_RANGE_INTERSECT_RANGE_OP',
+  descr => 'range intersection',
   oprname => '*', oprleft => 'anyrange', oprright => 'anyrange',
   oprresult => 'anyrange', oprcom => '*(anyrange,anyrange)',
   oprcode => 'range_intersect' },
@@ -3417,7 +3418,8 @@
 { oid => '4393', descr => 'multirange minus',
   oprname => '-', oprleft => 'anymultirange', oprright => 'anymultirange',
   oprresult => 'anymultirange', oprcode => 'multirange_minus' },
-{ oid => '4394', descr => 'multirange intersect',
+{ oid => '4394', oid_symbol => 'OID_MULTIRANGE_INTERSECT_MULTIRANGE_OP',
+  descr => 'multirange intersect',
   oprname => '*', oprleft => 'anymultirange', oprright => 'anymultirange',
   oprresult => 'anymultirange', oprcom => '*(anymultirange,anymultirange)',
   oprcode => 'multirange_intersect' },
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out b/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out
index 8b5ecab6fd8..b2744a49a99 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out
@@ -1690,7 +1690,8 @@ DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES
   ('[5,6)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01')),
   ('[5,6)', daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01'));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[3,4)', daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10'), '[5,6)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10'), '[5,6)');
 UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-02-01', '2016-03-01')
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01');
 -- A PK update sliding the edge between two referenced rows:
@@ -1703,6 +1704,37 @@ UPDATE temporal_rng
 SET valid_at = CASE WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-01-01' THEN daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-01-05')
                     WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-02-01' THEN daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-03-01') END
 WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced range but still valid:
+-- There are two references: one fulfilled by the first pk row,
+-- the other fulfilled by both pk rows combined.
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01')),
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2018-03-01', '2018-06-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01'), '[1,2)'),
+  ('[2,3)', daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-05-01'), '[1,2)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01')
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update growing the referenced range is fine:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01')
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-25'::date;
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced range and changing the id invalidates the whole range:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[2,3)', valid_at = daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01')
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([1,2), [2018-01-01,2018-03-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
+-- a PK update changing only the id invalidates the whole range:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[2,3)'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([1,2), [2018-01-01,2018-03-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
+-- a PK update that loses time from both ends, but is still valid:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[2,3)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[5,6)', daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01'), '[2,3)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-15')
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
 -- a PK update that fails because both are referenced:
 UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-01-01', '2016-02-01')
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
@@ -2178,7 +2210,8 @@ DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES
   ('[5,6)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'))),
   ('[5,6)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01')));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[3,4)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')), '[5,6)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')), '[5,6)');
 UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2016-02-01', '2016-03-01'))
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01'));
 -- A PK update sliding the edge between two referenced rows:
@@ -2191,6 +2224,37 @@ UPDATE temporal_mltrng
 SET valid_at = CASE WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-01-01' THEN datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-01-05'))
                     WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-02-01' THEN datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-03-01')) END
 WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced multirange but still valid:
+-- There are two references: one fulfilled by the first pk row,
+-- the other fulfilled by both pk rows combined.
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01'))),
+  ('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-03-01', '2018-06-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01')), '[1,2)'),
+  ('[2,3)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-05-01')), '[1,2)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01'))
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update growing the referenced multirange is fine:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01'))
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-25'::date;
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced multirange and changing the id invalidates the whole multirange:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[2,3)', valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01'))
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([1,2), {[2018-01-01,2018-03-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
+-- a PK update changing only the id invalidates the whole multirange:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[2,3)'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([1,2), {[2018-01-01,2018-03-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
+-- a PK update that loses time from both ends, but is still valid:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[2,3)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[5,6)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01')), '[2,3)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-15'))
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
 -- a PK update that fails because both are referenced:
 UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2016-01-01', '2016-02-01'))
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql
index ce58171bc35..8f472867e28 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql
@@ -1235,7 +1235,8 @@ DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES
   ('[5,6)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01')),
   ('[5,6)', daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01'));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[3,4)', daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10'), '[5,6)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10'), '[5,6)');
 UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-02-01', '2016-03-01')
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01');
 -- A PK update sliding the edge between two referenced rows:
@@ -1248,6 +1249,33 @@ UPDATE temporal_rng
 SET valid_at = CASE WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-01-01' THEN daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-01-05')
                     WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-02-01' THEN daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-03-01') END
 WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced range but still valid:
+-- There are two references: one fulfilled by the first pk row,
+-- the other fulfilled by both pk rows combined.
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01')),
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2018-03-01', '2018-06-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01'), '[1,2)'),
+  ('[2,3)', daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-05-01'), '[1,2)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01')
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update growing the referenced range is fine:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01')
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-25'::date;
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced range and changing the id invalidates the whole range:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[2,3)', valid_at = daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01')
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update changing only the id invalidates the whole range:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[2,3)'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update that loses time from both ends, but is still valid:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[2,3)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[5,6)', daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01'), '[2,3)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-15')
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
 -- a PK update that fails because both are referenced:
 UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-01-01', '2016-02-01')
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
@@ -1692,7 +1720,8 @@ DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES
   ('[5,6)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'))),
   ('[5,6)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01')));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[3,4)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')), '[5,6)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')), '[5,6)');
 UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2016-02-01', '2016-03-01'))
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01'));
 -- A PK update sliding the edge between two referenced rows:
@@ -1705,6 +1734,33 @@ UPDATE temporal_mltrng
 SET valid_at = CASE WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-01-01' THEN datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-01-05'))
                     WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-02-01' THEN datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-03-01')) END
 WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced multirange but still valid:
+-- There are two references: one fulfilled by the first pk row,
+-- the other fulfilled by both pk rows combined.
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01'))),
+  ('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-03-01', '2018-06-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01')), '[1,2)'),
+  ('[2,3)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-05-01')), '[1,2)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01'))
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update growing the referenced multirange is fine:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01'))
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-25'::date;
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced multirange and changing the id invalidates the whole multirange:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[2,3)', valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01'))
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update changing only the id invalidates the whole multirange:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[2,3)'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update that loses time from both ends, but is still valid:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[2,3)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[5,6)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01')), '[2,3)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-15'))
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
 -- a PK update that fails because both are referenced:
 UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2016-01-01', '2016-02-01'))
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
-- 
2.42.0



  [text/x-patch] v45-0004-Fix-RESTRICT-temporal-foreign-keys-when-the-refe.patch (30.0K, ../[email protected]/5-v45-0004-Fix-RESTRICT-temporal-foreign-keys-when-the-refe.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 5204dbe5648ee9f922354a3f50a328652fca06a9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Paul A. Jungwirth" <[email protected]>
Date: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 09:19:44 -0800
Subject: [PATCH v45 4/8] Fix RESTRICT temporal foreign keys when the
 referenced endpoints change

A RESTICT foreign key must fail if the referenced key changes. A
temporal RESTRICT foreign key should fail if the key changes for a span
that is referenced. Changing the key for an unreferenced span is okay,
even if that row is referenced during some portion of its span that
didn't change. Therefore we have to compute which part(s) were lost, and
fail if we find any references overlapping those parts. We can still use
the same SQL as normal, because we need to adjust the PERIOD parameter
we search for. We can call without_portion to get the lost parts: they
are oldslot.pkperiod - newslot.pkperiod. This commit adds code for that
to ri_restrict, along with tests.

Author: Paul Jungwirth
---
 src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c           |  25 ++-
 src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c              |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c           | 156 ++++++++++++++++--
 src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h           |   9 +-
 .../regress/expected/without_overlaps.out     |  68 +++++++-
 src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql     |  60 ++++++-
 6 files changed, 290 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
index fe754ecd1d8..4681019b9f9 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
@@ -1600,9 +1600,9 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks,
 }
 
 /*
- * FindFkPeriodOpers -
+ * FindFkPeriodOpersAndProcs -
  *
- * Looks up the operator oids used for the PERIOD part of a temporal foreign key.
+ * Looks up the operator and procedure oids used for the PERIOD part of a temporal foreign key.
  * The opclass should be the opclass of that PERIOD element.
  * Everything else is an output: containedbyoperoid is the ContainedBy operator for
  * types matching the PERIOD element.
@@ -1611,12 +1611,16 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks,
  * That way foreign keys can compare fkattr <@ range_agg(pkattr).
  * intersectoperoid is used by NO ACTION constraints to trim the range being considered
  * to just what was updated/deleted.
+ * withoutportionoid is a set-returning function computing
+ * the difference between one range and another,
+ * returning each result range in a separate row.
  */
 void
-FindFKPeriodOpers(Oid opclass,
-				  Oid *containedbyoperoid,
-				  Oid *aggedcontainedbyoperoid,
-				  Oid *intersectoperoid)
+FindFKPeriodOpersAndProcs(Oid opclass,
+						  Oid *containedbyoperoid,
+						  Oid *aggedcontainedbyoperoid,
+						  Oid *intersectoperoid,
+						  Oid *withoutportionoid)
 {
 	Oid			opfamily = InvalidOid;
 	Oid			opcintype = InvalidOid;
@@ -1668,6 +1672,15 @@ FindFKPeriodOpers(Oid opclass,
 		default:
 			elog(ERROR, "Unexpected opcintype: %u", opcintype);
 	}
+
+	*withoutportionoid = InvalidOid;
+	*withoutportionoid = get_opfamily_proc(opfamily, opcintype, opcintype, GIST_WITHOUT_PORTION_PROC);
+	if (!OidIsValid(*withoutportionoid))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
+				errmsg("could not identify a without_overlaps support function for type %s", format_type_be(opcintype)),
+				errhint("Define a without_overlaps support function for operator class \"%d\" for access method \"%s\".",
+						opclass, "gist"));
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
index 1f8e381bc0a..d20cb0f9e6e 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
@@ -10225,9 +10225,11 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel,
 		Oid			periodoperoid;
 		Oid			aggedperiodoperoid;
 		Oid			intersectoperoid;
+		Oid			withoutoverlapsoid;
 
-		FindFKPeriodOpers(opclasses[numpks - 1], &periodoperoid, &aggedperiodoperoid,
-						  &intersectoperoid);
+		FindFKPeriodOpersAndProcs(opclasses[numpks - 1], &periodoperoid,
+								  &aggedperiodoperoid, &intersectoperoid,
+								  &withoutoverlapsoid);
 	}
 
 	/* First, create the constraint catalog entry itself. */
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c
index d6b5e43134d..002bd02582a 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c
@@ -130,6 +130,7 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo
 	Oid			period_contained_by_oper;	/* anyrange <@ anyrange */
 	Oid			agged_period_contained_by_oper; /* fkattr <@ range_agg(pkattr) */
 	Oid			period_intersect_oper;	/* anyrange * anyrange */
+	Oid			without_portion_proc;	/* anyrange - anyrange SRF */
 	dlist_node	valid_link;		/* Link in list of valid entries */
 } RI_ConstraintInfo;
 
@@ -207,7 +208,7 @@ static void ri_BuildQueryKey(RI_QueryKey *key,
 							 const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo,
 							 int32 constr_queryno);
 static bool ri_KeysEqual(Relation rel, TupleTableSlot *oldslot, TupleTableSlot *newslot,
-						 const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk);
+						 const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk, bool skip_period);
 static bool ri_CompareWithCast(Oid eq_opr, Oid typeid, Oid collid,
 							   Datum lhs, Datum rhs);
 
@@ -229,6 +230,7 @@ static bool ri_PerformCheck(const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo,
 							RI_QueryKey *qkey, SPIPlanPtr qplan,
 							Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel,
 							TupleTableSlot *oldslot, TupleTableSlot *newslot,
+							int periodParam, Datum period,
 							bool detectNewRows, int expect_OK);
 static void ri_ExtractValues(Relation rel, TupleTableSlot *slot,
 							 const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk,
@@ -450,6 +452,7 @@ RI_FKey_check(TriggerData *trigdata)
 	ri_PerformCheck(riinfo, &qkey, qplan,
 					fk_rel, pk_rel,
 					NULL, newslot,
+					-1, (Datum) 0,
 					pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE,
 					SPI_OK_SELECT);
 
@@ -614,6 +617,7 @@ ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel,
 	result = ri_PerformCheck(riinfo, &qkey, qplan,
 							 fk_rel, pk_rel,
 							 oldslot, NULL,
+							 -1, (Datum) 0,
 							 true,	/* treat like update */
 							 SPI_OK_SELECT);
 
@@ -711,8 +715,18 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action)
 	Relation	fk_rel;
 	Relation	pk_rel;
 	TupleTableSlot *oldslot;
+	TupleTableSlot *newslot;
 	RI_QueryKey qkey;
 	SPIPlanPtr	qplan;
+	AttrNumber	pkperiodattno = InvalidAttrNumber;
+	AttrNumber	fkperiodattno = InvalidAttrNumber;
+	int			targetRangeParam = -1;
+	Datum		targetRange = (Datum) 0;
+	FmgrInfo	flinfo;
+	ReturnSetInfo	rsi;
+	LOCAL_FCINFO(fcinfo, 2);
+	bool		multiplelost = false;
+	bool		finished = false;
 
 	riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigdata->tg_trigger,
 									trigdata->tg_relation, true);
@@ -726,6 +740,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action)
 	fk_rel = table_open(riinfo->fk_relid, RowShareLock);
 	pk_rel = trigdata->tg_relation;
 	oldslot = trigdata->tg_trigslot;
+	newslot = trigdata->tg_newslot;
 
 	/*
 	 * If another PK row now exists providing the old key values, we should
@@ -743,6 +758,12 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action)
 		return PointerGetDatum(NULL);
 	}
 
+	if (riinfo->hasperiod)
+	{
+		pkperiodattno = riinfo->pk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1];
+		fkperiodattno = riinfo->fk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1];
+	}
+
 	SPI_connect();
 
 	/*
@@ -789,6 +810,16 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action)
 		 * We need the coalesce in case the first subquery returns no rows.
 		 * We need the second subquery because FOR KEY SHARE doesn't support
 		 * aggregate queries.
+		 *
+		 * For RESTRICT keys we can't query pktable, so instead we use the old
+		 * and new periods to see what was removed, and look for references
+		 * matching that. If the scalar key part changed, then this is
+		 * (where $n is the old period and $2n the new):
+		 *   $n && x.fkperiod
+		 * But if the scalar key part didn't change, then we only lost part of
+		 * the time span, so we should look for:
+		 *   (SELECT range_agg(r) FROM without_portion($n, $2n) wo(r))
+		 *     && x.fkperiod
 		 * ----------
 		 */
 		initStringInfo(&querybuf);
@@ -824,14 +855,14 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action)
 		 */
 		if (riinfo->hasperiod && is_no_action)
 		{
-			Oid				pk_period_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]);
-			Oid				fk_period_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]);
+			Oid				pk_period_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, pkperiodattno);
+			Oid				fk_period_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, fkperiodattno);
 			StringInfoData	intersectbuf;
 			StringInfoData	replacementsbuf;
 			char *pk_only = pk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ?
 				"" : "ONLY ";
 
-			quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]));
+			quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(fk_rel, fkperiodattno));
 			sprintf(paramname, "$%d", riinfo->nkeys);
 
 			appendStringInfoString(&querybuf, " AND NOT coalesce(");
@@ -849,7 +880,7 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action)
 			initStringInfo(&replacementsbuf);
 			appendStringInfoString(&replacementsbuf, "(SELECT pg_catalog.range_agg(r) FROM ");
 
-			quoteOneName(periodattname, RIAttName(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]));
+			quoteOneName(periodattname, RIAttName(pk_rel, pkperiodattno));
 			quoteRelationName(pkrelname, pk_rel);
 			appendStringInfo(&replacementsbuf, "(SELECT y.%s r FROM %s%s y",
 							 periodattname, pk_only, pkrelname);
@@ -889,12 +920,85 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action)
 
 	/*
 	 * We have a plan now. Run it to check for existing references.
+	 *
+	 * Normally we only loop once here. But if
+	 * we have a RESTRICT constraint with a PERIOD,
+	 * we must only consider the timespan that was lost.
+	 *
+	 * If the scalar key part was UPDATEd,
+	 * then all of oldslot.pkperiod was lost
+	 * (whether the endpoints changed or not).
+	 * That's what we already check by default.
+	 *
+	 * Otherwise only oldslot.pkperiod - newslot.pkperiod was lost.
+	 * That may be more than one range, so we use the
+	 * without_portion set-returning function and loop
+	 * over its results. It also may be empty,
+	 * meaning nothing was lost, and no check is required.
+	 * We shouldn't be here if neither the scalar nor PERIOD part changed,
+	 * but it's easy to support anyway.
+	 *
+	 * For a DELETE, oldslot.pkperiod was lost,
+	 * which is what we check for by default.
 	 */
-	ri_PerformCheck(riinfo, &qkey, qplan,
-					fk_rel, pk_rel,
-					oldslot, NULL,
-					true,		/* must detect new rows */
-					SPI_OK_SELECT);
+	if (riinfo->hasperiod && !is_no_action)
+	{
+		if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_UPDATE(trigdata->tg_event)
+			&& ri_KeysEqual(pk_rel, oldslot, newslot, riinfo, true, true))
+		{
+			multiplelost = true;
+
+			fmgr_info(riinfo->without_portion_proc, &flinfo);
+			rsi.type = T_ReturnSetInfo;
+			rsi.econtext = CreateStandaloneExprContext();
+			rsi.expectedDesc = NULL;
+			rsi.allowedModes = (int) (SFRM_ValuePerCall);
+			rsi.returnMode = SFRM_ValuePerCall;
+			rsi.setResult = NULL;
+			rsi.setDesc = NULL;
+
+			InitFunctionCallInfoData(*fcinfo, &flinfo, 2, InvalidOid, NULL, (Node *) &rsi);
+			fcinfo->args[0].value = slot_getattr(oldslot, pkperiodattno,
+												 &fcinfo->args[0].isnull);
+			fcinfo->args[1].value = slot_getattr(newslot, pkperiodattno,
+												 &fcinfo->args[1].isnull);
+
+			targetRangeParam = riinfo->nkeys;
+		}
+	}
+
+	while (!finished)
+	{
+		if (multiplelost)
+		{
+			/* Compute a span that was actually lost. */
+			targetRange = FunctionCallInvoke(fcinfo);
+
+			/*
+			 * If we have no more lost spans to check, we're done.
+			 * If no span was lost, we don't even need to check the foreign key.
+			 */
+			if (rsi.isDone == ExprEndResult)
+				break;
+
+			if (fcinfo->isnull)
+				elog(ERROR, "Get a null from without_portion function");
+		}
+		else
+			finished = true;
+
+		ri_PerformCheck(riinfo, &qkey, qplan,
+						fk_rel, pk_rel,
+						oldslot, NULL,
+						targetRangeParam, targetRange,
+						true,		/* must detect new rows */
+						SPI_OK_SELECT);
+
+	}
+
+	/* Free this before we shut down SPI since our memctx is a child */
+	if (multiplelost)
+		FreeExprContext(rsi.econtext, false);
 
 	if (SPI_finish() != SPI_OK_FINISH)
 		elog(ERROR, "SPI_finish failed");
@@ -994,6 +1098,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	ri_PerformCheck(riinfo, &qkey, qplan,
 					fk_rel, pk_rel,
 					oldslot, NULL,
+					-1, (Datum) 0,
 					true,		/* must detect new rows */
 					SPI_OK_DELETE);
 
@@ -1110,6 +1215,7 @@ RI_FKey_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	ri_PerformCheck(riinfo, &qkey, qplan,
 					fk_rel, pk_rel,
 					oldslot, newslot,
+					-1, (Datum) 0,
 					true,		/* must detect new rows */
 					SPI_OK_UPDATE);
 
@@ -1337,6 +1443,7 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null, int tgkind)
 	ri_PerformCheck(riinfo, &qkey, qplan,
 					fk_rel, pk_rel,
 					oldslot, NULL,
+					-1, (Datum) 0,
 					true,		/* must detect new rows */
 					SPI_OK_UPDATE);
 
@@ -1394,7 +1501,7 @@ RI_FKey_pk_upd_check_required(Trigger *trigger, Relation pk_rel,
 		return false;
 
 	/* If all old and new key values are equal, no check is needed */
-	if (newslot && ri_KeysEqual(pk_rel, oldslot, newslot, riinfo, true))
+	if (newslot && ri_KeysEqual(pk_rel, oldslot, newslot, riinfo, true, false))
 		return false;
 
 	/* Else we need to fire the trigger. */
@@ -1487,7 +1594,7 @@ RI_FKey_fk_upd_check_required(Trigger *trigger, Relation fk_rel,
 		return true;
 
 	/* If all old and new key values are equal, no check is needed */
-	if (ri_KeysEqual(fk_rel, oldslot, newslot, riinfo, false))
+	if (ri_KeysEqual(fk_rel, oldslot, newslot, riinfo, false, false))
 		return false;
 
 	/* Else we need to fire the trigger. */
@@ -2335,10 +2442,11 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid)
 	{
 		Oid			opclass = get_index_column_opclass(conForm->conindid, riinfo->nkeys);
 
-		FindFKPeriodOpers(opclass,
-						  &riinfo->period_contained_by_oper,
-						  &riinfo->agged_period_contained_by_oper,
-						  &riinfo->period_intersect_oper);
+		FindFKPeriodOpersAndProcs(opclass,
+								  &riinfo->period_contained_by_oper,
+								  &riinfo->agged_period_contained_by_oper,
+								  &riinfo->period_intersect_oper,
+								  &riinfo->without_portion_proc);
 	}
 
 	ReleaseSysCache(tup);
@@ -2481,6 +2589,7 @@ ri_PerformCheck(const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo,
 				RI_QueryKey *qkey, SPIPlanPtr qplan,
 				Relation fk_rel, Relation pk_rel,
 				TupleTableSlot *oldslot, TupleTableSlot *newslot,
+				int periodParam, Datum period,
 				bool detectNewRows, int expect_OK)
 {
 	Relation	query_rel,
@@ -2536,6 +2645,12 @@ ri_PerformCheck(const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo,
 		ri_ExtractValues(source_rel, oldslot, riinfo, source_is_pk,
 						 vals, nulls);
 	}
+	/* Add/replace a query param for the PERIOD if needed */
+	if (period)
+	{
+		vals[periodParam - 1] = period;
+		nulls[periodParam - 1] = ' ';
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * In READ COMMITTED mode, we just need to use an up-to-date regular
@@ -2956,6 +3071,9 @@ ri_HashPreparedPlan(RI_QueryKey *key, SPIPlanPtr plan)
  * For normal FKs we check for equality.
  * For temporal FKs we check that the PK side is a superset of its old value,
  * or the FK side is a subset of its old value.
+ * If skip_period is set, we ignore the last key element.
+ * This lets us ask if the scalar key parts changed,
+ * ignoring the PERIOD.
  *
  * Note: at some point we might wish to redefine this as checking for
  * "IS NOT DISTINCT" rather than "=", that is, allow two nulls to be
@@ -2964,17 +3082,19 @@ ri_HashPreparedPlan(RI_QueryKey *key, SPIPlanPtr plan)
  */
 static bool
 ri_KeysEqual(Relation rel, TupleTableSlot *oldslot, TupleTableSlot *newslot,
-			 const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk)
+			 const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, bool rel_is_pk, bool skip_period)
 {
 	const int16 *attnums;
 
+	Assert(skip_period ? riinfo->hasperiod : true);
+
 	if (rel_is_pk)
 		attnums = riinfo->pk_attnums;
 	else
 		attnums = riinfo->fk_attnums;
 
 	/* XXX: could be worthwhile to fetch all necessary attrs at once */
-	for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++)
+	for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys - (skip_period ? 1 : 0); i++)
 	{
 		Datum		oldvalue;
 		Datum		newvalue;
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h
index 5edd4eb8a33..5f25c5a0065 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h
@@ -286,10 +286,11 @@ extern void DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks,
 									   AttrNumber *conkey, AttrNumber *confkey,
 									   Oid *pf_eq_oprs, Oid *pp_eq_oprs, Oid *ff_eq_oprs,
 									   int *num_fk_del_set_cols, AttrNumber *fk_del_set_cols);
-extern void FindFKPeriodOpers(Oid opclass,
-							  Oid *containedbyoperoid,
-							  Oid *aggedcontainedbyoperoid,
-							  Oid *intersectoperoid);
+extern void FindFKPeriodOpersAndProcs(Oid opclass,
+									  Oid *containedbyoperoid,
+									  Oid *aggedcontainedbyoperoid,
+									  Oid *intersectoperoid,
+									  Oid *withoutportionoid);
 
 extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid,
 									  Index varno, Index varlevelsup,
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out b/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out
index b2744a49a99..799b6770579 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out
@@ -1778,7 +1778,8 @@ DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES
   ('[5,6)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01')),
   ('[5,6)', daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01'));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[3,4)', daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10'), '[5,6)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10'), '[5,6)');
 UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-02-01', '2016-03-01')
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01');
 -- A PK update sliding the edge between two referenced rows:
@@ -1793,6 +1794,37 @@ SET valid_at = CASE WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-01-01' THEN daterange('2018-01-
 WHERE id = '[6,7)';
 ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([6,7), [2018-01-01,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced range but still valid:
+-- There are two references: one fulfilled by the first pk row,
+-- the other fulfilled by both pk rows combined.
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01')),
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2018-03-01', '2018-06-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01'), '[1,2)'),
+  ('[2,3)', daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-05-01'), '[1,2)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01')
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update growing the referenced range is fine:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01')
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-25'::date;
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced range and changing the id invalidates the whole range:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[2,3)', valid_at = daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01')
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([1,2), [2018-01-01,2018-03-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
+-- a PK update changing only the id invalidates the whole range:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[2,3)'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([1,2), [2018-01-01,2018-03-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
+-- a PK update that loses time from both ends, but is still valid:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[2,3)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01'), '[2,3)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-15')
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
 -- a PK update that fails because both are referenced (even before commit):
 BEGIN;
   ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_rng2rng
@@ -2294,7 +2326,8 @@ DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES
   ('[5,6)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'))),
   ('[5,6)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01')));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[3,4)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')), '[5,6)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')), '[5,6)');
 UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2016-02-01', '2016-03-01'))
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01'));
 -- A PK update sliding the edge between two referenced rows:
@@ -2309,6 +2342,37 @@ SET valid_at = CASE WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-01-01' THEN datemultirange(date
 WHERE id = '[6,7)';
 ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([6,7), {[2018-01-01,2018-02-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced multirange but still valid:
+-- There are two references: one fulfilled by the first pk row,
+-- the other fulfilled by both pk rows combined.
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01'))),
+  ('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-03-01', '2018-06-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01')), '[1,2)'),
+  ('[2,3)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-05-01')), '[1,2)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01'))
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update growing the referenced multirange is fine:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01'))
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-25'::date;
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced multirange and changing the id invalidates the whole multirange:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[2,3)', valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01'))
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([1,2), {[2018-01-01,2018-03-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
+-- a PK update changing only the id invalidates the whole multirange:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[2,3)'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([1,2), {[2018-01-01,2018-03-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
+-- a PK update that loses time from both ends, but is still valid:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[2,3)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01')), '[2,3)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-15'))
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
 -- a PK update that fails because both are referenced (even before commit):
 BEGIN;
   ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql
index 8f472867e28..f7de3871093 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql
@@ -1316,7 +1316,8 @@ DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES
   ('[5,6)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01')),
   ('[5,6)', daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01'));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[3,4)', daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10'), '[5,6)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10'), '[5,6)');
 UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-02-01', '2016-03-01')
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01');
 -- A PK update sliding the edge between two referenced rows:
@@ -1329,6 +1330,33 @@ UPDATE temporal_rng
 SET valid_at = CASE WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-01-01' THEN daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-01-05')
                     WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-02-01' THEN daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-03-01') END
 WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced range but still valid:
+-- There are two references: one fulfilled by the first pk row,
+-- the other fulfilled by both pk rows combined.
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01')),
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2018-03-01', '2018-06-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01'), '[1,2)'),
+  ('[2,3)', daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-05-01'), '[1,2)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01')
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update growing the referenced range is fine:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01')
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-25'::date;
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced range and changing the id invalidates the whole range:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[2,3)', valid_at = daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01')
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update changing only the id invalidates the whole range:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[2,3)'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update that loses time from both ends, but is still valid:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[2,3)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01'), '[2,3)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-15')
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
 -- a PK update that fails because both are referenced (even before commit):
 BEGIN;
   ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_rng2rng
@@ -1797,7 +1825,8 @@ DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES
   ('[5,6)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'))),
   ('[5,6)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01')));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[3,4)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')), '[5,6)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')), '[5,6)');
 UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2016-02-01', '2016-03-01'))
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01'));
 -- A PK update sliding the edge between two referenced rows:
@@ -1810,6 +1839,33 @@ UPDATE temporal_mltrng
 SET valid_at = CASE WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-01-01' THEN datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-01-05'))
                     WHEN lower(valid_at) = '2018-02-01' THEN datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-03-01')) END
 WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced multirange but still valid:
+-- There are two references: one fulfilled by the first pk row,
+-- the other fulfilled by both pk rows combined.
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01'))),
+  ('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-03-01', '2018-06-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01')), '[1,2)'),
+  ('[2,3)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-05-01')), '[1,2)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01'))
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update growing the referenced multirange is fine:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01'))
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-25'::date;
+-- a PK update shrinking the referenced multirange and changing the id invalidates the whole multirange:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[2,3)', valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-03-01'))
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update changing only the id invalidates the whole multirange:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[2,3)'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)' AND valid_at @> '2018-01-15'::date;
+-- a PK update that loses time from both ends, but is still valid:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES
+  ('[2,3)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-03-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-01')), '[2,3)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-15'))
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
 -- a PK update that fails because both are referenced (even before commit):
 BEGIN;
   ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng
-- 
2.42.0



  [text/x-patch] v45-0005-Add-intersect-support-func-for-FOR-PORTION-OF.patch (8.2K, ../[email protected]/6-v45-0005-Add-intersect-support-func-for-FOR-PORTION-OF.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 2963a261d55400f3ebb00264cce7c8d7729cffc4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Paul A. Jungwirth" <[email protected]>
Date: Sat, 30 Dec 2023 23:10:59 -0800
Subject: [PATCH v45 5/8] Add intersect support func for FOR PORTION OF

- Adds intersect support procs.

  These just call the existing intersect functions,
  but they let us compute the portion of a row that is updated/deleted
  in a FOR PORTION command.
---
 doc/src/sgml/gist.sgml                 | 57 ++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 doc/src/sgml/xindex.sgml               |  8 +++-
 src/backend/access/gist/gistvalidate.c |  8 +++-
 src/include/access/gist.h              |  3 +-
 src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat      |  9 ++++
 5 files changed, 79 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/gist.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/gist.sgml
index 1fbddf1bfb0..f3314eccb9e 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/gist.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/gist.sgml
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ CREATE INDEX ON my_table USING GIST (my_inet_column inet_ops);
 
  <para>
    There are five methods that an index operator class for
-   <acronym>GiST</acronym> must provide, and eight that are optional.
+   <acronym>GiST</acronym> must provide, and nine that are optional.
    Correctness of the index is ensured
    by proper implementation of the <function>same</function>, <function>consistent</function>
    and <function>union</function> methods, while efficiency (size and speed) of the
@@ -296,7 +296,11 @@ CREATE INDEX ON my_table USING GIST (my_inet_column inet_ops);
    temporal constraint indexes.
    The optional thirteenth method <function>without_portion</function> is used by
    <literal>RESTRICT</literal> foreign keys to compute the portion of history
-   that was lost.
+   that was lost and also by <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> to compute the
+   leftover records outside the targeted bounds.
+   The optional fourteenth method <function>intersect</function> is used by
+   <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> to compute the new bounds of the updated/
+   deleted record.
  </para>
 
  <variablelist>
@@ -1247,7 +1251,8 @@ my_stratnum(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
       </para>
       <para>
        This is used by temporal foreign keys to compute the part
-       of history that was lost by an update.
+       of history that was lost by an update and also by temporal update/delete
+       commands to compute the bounds of the untouched duration.
       </para>
 
       <para>
@@ -1336,6 +1341,52 @@ my_range_without_portion(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
         /* do when there is no more left */
         SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
 }
+</programlisting>
+      </para>
+     </listitem>
+    </varlistentry>
+    <varlistentry>
+     <term><function>intersect</function></term>
+     <listitem>
+      <para>
+       Given two values of this opclass, it returns their intersection.
+      </para>
+      <para>
+       This is used for temporal update commands to compute the
+       new bounds of the changed row.
+      </para>
+
+      <para>
+       The <acronym>SQL</acronym> declaration of the function must look like
+       this (using <literal>my_intersect</literal> as an example):
+
+<programlisting>
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION my_range_intersect(anyrange, anyrange)
+RETURNS anyrange
+AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME'
+LANGUAGE C STRICT;
+</programlisting>
+      </para>
+
+       <para>
+        The matching code in the C module could then follow this example:
+
+<programlisting>
+Datum
+my_range_intersect(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+    RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
+    RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
+    TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
+
+    /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
+    if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
+        elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
+
+    typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
+
+    PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(range_intersect_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
+}
 </programlisting>
       </para>
      </listitem>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/xindex.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/xindex.sgml
index 85ef539d07c..d2fac08d742 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/xindex.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/xindex.sgml
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@
    </table>
 
   <para>
-   GiST indexes have thirteen support functions, eight of which are optional,
+   GiST indexes have fourteen support functions, nine of which are optional,
    as shown in <xref linkend="xindex-gist-support-table"/>.
    (For more information see <xref linkend="gist"/>.)
   </para>
@@ -602,6 +602,12 @@
        second parameter from first (optional)</entry>
        <entry>13</entry>
       </row>
+      <row>
+       <entry><function>intersect</function></entry>
+       <entry>computes intersection with <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal>
+        bounds (optional)</entry>
+       <entry>14</entry>
+      </row>
      </tbody>
     </tgroup>
    </table>
diff --git a/src/backend/access/gist/gistvalidate.c b/src/backend/access/gist/gistvalidate.c
index 38740b46bbf..5dcad45eef5 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/gist/gistvalidate.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/gist/gistvalidate.c
@@ -154,6 +154,10 @@ gistvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, opcintype, true, true,
 											2, 2, opcintype, opcintype);
 				break;
+			case GIST_INTERSECT_PROC:
+				ok = check_amproc_signature(procform->amproc, InvalidOid, false, true,
+											2, 2, opcintype, opcintype);
+				break;
 			default:
 				ereport(INFO,
 						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_OBJECT_DEFINITION),
@@ -275,7 +279,8 @@ gistvalidate(Oid opclassoid)
 		if (i == GIST_DISTANCE_PROC || i == GIST_FETCH_PROC ||
 			i == GIST_COMPRESS_PROC || i == GIST_DECOMPRESS_PROC ||
 			i == GIST_OPTIONS_PROC || i == GIST_SORTSUPPORT_PROC ||
-			i == GIST_STRATNUM_PROC || i == GIST_WITHOUT_PORTION_PROC)
+			i == GIST_STRATNUM_PROC || i == GIST_WITHOUT_PORTION_PROC ||
+			i == GIST_INTERSECT_PROC)
 			continue;			/* optional methods */
 		ereport(INFO,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_OBJECT_DEFINITION),
@@ -349,6 +354,7 @@ gistadjustmembers(Oid opfamilyoid,
 			case GIST_SORTSUPPORT_PROC:
 			case GIST_STRATNUM_PROC:
 			case GIST_WITHOUT_PORTION_PROC:
+			case GIST_INTERSECT_PROC:
 				/* Optional, so force it to be a soft family dependency */
 				op->ref_is_hard = false;
 				op->ref_is_family = true;
diff --git a/src/include/access/gist.h b/src/include/access/gist.h
index 8d6c99f5ebe..d39b13ad932 100644
--- a/src/include/access/gist.h
+++ b/src/include/access/gist.h
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@
 #define GIST_SORTSUPPORT_PROC			11
 #define GIST_STRATNUM_PROC				12
 #define GIST_WITHOUT_PORTION_PROC		13
-#define GISTNProcs					13
+#define GIST_INTERSECT_PROC				14
+#define GISTNProcs					14
 
 /*
  * Page opaque data in a GiST index page.
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat
index 0a4db325faa..4e5c2bbeef8 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_amproc.dat
@@ -509,6 +509,9 @@
 { amprocfamily => 'gist/box_ops', amproclefttype => 'box',
   amprocrighttype => 'box', amprocnum => '12',
   amproc => 'gist_stratnum_identity' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'gist/box_ops', amproclefttype => 'box',
+  amprocrighttype => 'box', amprocnum => '14',
+  amproc => 'box_intersect(box,box)' },
 { amprocfamily => 'gist/poly_ops', amproclefttype => 'polygon',
   amprocrighttype => 'polygon', amprocnum => '1',
   amproc => 'gist_poly_consistent' },
@@ -612,6 +615,9 @@
 { amprocfamily => 'gist/range_ops', amproclefttype => 'anyrange',
   amprocrighttype => 'anyrange', amprocnum => '13',
   amproc => 'range_without_portion(anyrange,anyrange)' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'gist/range_ops', amproclefttype => 'anyrange',
+  amprocrighttype => 'anyrange', amprocnum => '14',
+  amproc => 'range_intersect(anyrange,anyrange)' },
 { amprocfamily => 'gist/network_ops', amproclefttype => 'inet',
   amprocrighttype => 'inet', amprocnum => '1',
   amproc => 'inet_gist_consistent' },
@@ -655,6 +661,9 @@
 { amprocfamily => 'gist/multirange_ops', amproclefttype => 'anymultirange',
   amprocrighttype => 'anymultirange', amprocnum => '13',
   amproc => 'multirange_without_portion(anymultirange,anymultirange)' },
+{ amprocfamily => 'gist/multirange_ops', amproclefttype => 'anymultirange',
+  amprocrighttype => 'anymultirange', amprocnum => '14',
+  amproc => 'multirange_intersect(anymultirange,anymultirange)' },
 
 # gin
 { amprocfamily => 'gin/array_ops', amproclefttype => 'anyarray',
-- 
2.42.0



  [text/x-patch] v45-0006-Add-UPDATE-DELETE-FOR-PORTION-OF.patch (198.8K, ../[email protected]/7-v45-0006-Add-UPDATE-DELETE-FOR-PORTION-OF.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 175715198ce47c048614019034db1b6e79310e9a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Paul A. Jungwirth" <[email protected]>
Date: Fri, 25 Jun 2021 18:54:35 -0700
Subject: [PATCH v45 6/8] Add UPDATE/DELETE FOR PORTION OF

- Added bison support for FOR PORTION OF syntax. The bounds must be
  constant, so we forbid column references, subqueries, etc. But we
  permit the magic UNBOUNDED keyword as the FROM or the TO (or both)
  to perform an unbounded update/delete. We also accept functions like
  NOW().
- Added logic to executor to insert new rows for the "leftover" part of
  a record touched by a FOR PORTION OF query.
- Added tg_temporal descriptor to the TriggerData struct that we pass to
  trigger functions. Our triggers use this to learn what bounds were
  given in the FOR PORTION OF clause.
- Documented FOR PORTION OF.
- Documented tg_temporal struct.
- Added tests.
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    |  45 +-
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  34 +
 contrib/sepgsql/proc.c                        |   2 +-
 contrib/unaccent/unaccent.c                   |   2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/ref/create_publication.sgml      |   6 +
 doc/src/sgml/ref/delete.sgml                  |  72 +-
 doc/src/sgml/ref/update.sgml                  |  90 ++-
 doc/src/sgml/trigger.sgml                     |  64 +-
 src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c           |  14 +
 src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c              |   4 +-
 src/backend/commands/trigger.c                |  47 ++
 src/backend/executor/execMain.c               |   1 +
 src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c        | 498 +++++++++++-
 src/backend/executor/spi.c                    |   2 +-
 src/backend/nodes/nodeFuncs.c                 |  24 +
 src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c       |   6 +-
 src/backend/optimizer/plan/planner.c          |   1 +
 src/backend/optimizer/util/pathnode.c         |   3 +-
 src/backend/parser/analyze.c                  | 228 +++++-
 src/backend/parser/gram.y                     | 100 ++-
 src/backend/parser/parse_agg.c                |  10 +
 src/backend/parser/parse_collate.c            |   1 +
 src/backend/parser/parse_expr.c               |   8 +
 src/backend/parser/parse_func.c               |   3 +
 src/backend/parser/parse_merge.c              |   2 +-
 src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c          |  40 +
 src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c           |  83 +-
 src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c           |  27 +
 src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h           |   1 +
 src/include/commands/trigger.h                |   1 +
 src/include/nodes/execnodes.h                 |  24 +
 src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h                |  20 +
 src/include/nodes/pathnodes.h                 |   1 +
 src/include/nodes/plannodes.h                 |   1 +
 src/include/nodes/primnodes.h                 |  26 +
 src/include/optimizer/pathnode.h              |   2 +-
 src/include/parser/analyze.h                  |   3 +-
 src/include/parser/kwlist.h                   |   1 +
 src/include/parser/parse_node.h               |   1 +
 src/include/utils/lsyscache.h                 |   1 +
 src/test/regress/expected/for_portion_of.out  | 764 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/regress/expected/opr_sanity.out      |   1 +
 src/test/regress/expected/privileges.out      |  18 +
 src/test/regress/expected/updatable_views.out |  32 +
 .../regress/expected/without_overlaps.out     | 303 ++++++-
 src/test/regress/parallel_schedule            |   2 +-
 src/test/regress/sql/for_portion_of.sql       | 597 ++++++++++++++
 src/test/regress/sql/opr_sanity.sql           |   1 +
 src/test/regress/sql/privileges.sql           |  18 +
 src/test/regress/sql/updatable_views.sql      |  14 +
 src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql     | 156 +++-
 src/test/subscription/t/034_temporal.pl       | 110 ++-
 52 files changed, 3423 insertions(+), 92 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/test/regress/expected/for_portion_of.out
 create mode 100644 src/test/regress/sql/for_portion_of.sql

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index f2bcd6aa98c..d7b93891ddb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -57,11 +57,19 @@ CREATE TABLE "S 1"."T 4" (
 	c3 text,
 	CONSTRAINT t4_pkey PRIMARY KEY (c1)
 );
+CREATE TABLE "S 1"."T 5" (
+	c1 int4range NOT NULL,
+	c2 int NOT NULL,
+	c3 text,
+	c4 daterange NOT NULL,
+	CONSTRAINT t5_pkey PRIMARY KEY (c1, c4 WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+);
 -- Disable autovacuum for these tables to avoid unexpected effects of that
 ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 1" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
 ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 2" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
 ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 3" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
 ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 4" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 5" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
 INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 1"
 	SELECT id,
 	       id % 10,
@@ -88,10 +96,17 @@ INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 4"
 	       'AAA' || to_char(id, 'FM000')
 	FROM generate_series(1, 100) id;
 DELETE FROM "S 1"."T 4" WHERE c1 % 3 != 0;	-- delete for outer join tests
+INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 5"
+	SELECT int4range(id, id + 1),
+	       id + 1,
+	       'AAA' || to_char(id, 'FM000'),
+        '[2000-01-01,2020-01-01)'
+	FROM generate_series(1, 100) id;
 ANALYZE "S 1"."T 1";
 ANALYZE "S 1"."T 2";
 ANALYZE "S 1"."T 3";
 ANALYZE "S 1"."T 4";
+ANALYZE "S 1"."T 5";
 -- ===================================================================
 -- create foreign tables
 -- ===================================================================
@@ -139,6 +154,12 @@ CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft7 (
 	c2 int NOT NULL,
 	c3 text
 ) SERVER loopback3 OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft8 (
+	c1 int4range NOT NULL,
+	c2 int NOT NULL,
+	c3 text,
+	c4 daterange NOT NULL
+) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 5');
 -- ===================================================================
 -- tests for validator
 -- ===================================================================
@@ -210,7 +231,8 @@ ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft2 ALTER COLUMN c1 OPTIONS (column_name 'C 1');
  public | ft5   | loopback  | (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4') | 
  public | ft6   | loopback2 | (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4') | 
  public | ft7   | loopback3 | (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4') | 
-(6 rows)
+ public | ft8   | loopback  | (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 5') | 
+(7 rows)
 
 -- Test that alteration of server options causes reconnection
 -- Remote's errors might be non-English, so hide them to ensure stable results
@@ -6125,6 +6147,27 @@ DELETE FROM ft2 WHERE c1 = 1200 RETURNING tableoid::regclass;
  ft2
 (1 row)
 
+-- Test UPDATE FOR PORTION OF
+UPDATE ft8 FOR PORTION OF c4 FROM '2005-01-01' TO '2006-01-01'
+SET c2 = c2 + 1
+WHERE c1 = '[1,2)';
+ERROR:  foreign tables don't support FOR PORTION OF
+SELECT * FROM ft8 WHERE c1 = '[1,2)' ORDER BY c1, c4;
+  c1   | c2 |   c3   |           c4            
+-------+----+--------+-------------------------
+ [1,2) |  2 | AAA001 | [01-01-2000,01-01-2020)
+(1 row)
+
+-- Test DELETE FOR PORTION OF
+DELETE FROM ft8 FOR PORTION OF c4 FROM '2005-01-01' TO '2006-01-01'
+WHERE c1 = '[2,3)';
+ERROR:  foreign tables don't support FOR PORTION OF
+SELECT * FROM ft8 WHERE c1 = '[2,3)' ORDER BY c1, c4;
+  c1   | c2 |   c3   |           c4            
+-------+----+--------+-------------------------
+ [2,3) |  3 | AAA002 | [01-01-2000,01-01-2020)
+(1 row)
+
 -- Test UPDATE/DELETE with RETURNING on a three-table join
 INSERT INTO ft2 (c1,c2,c3)
   SELECT id, id - 1200, to_char(id, 'FM00000') FROM generate_series(1201, 1300) id;
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index 372fe6dad15..61c075850dc 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -61,12 +61,20 @@ CREATE TABLE "S 1"."T 4" (
 	c3 text,
 	CONSTRAINT t4_pkey PRIMARY KEY (c1)
 );
+CREATE TABLE "S 1"."T 5" (
+	c1 int4range NOT NULL,
+	c2 int NOT NULL,
+	c3 text,
+	c4 daterange NOT NULL,
+	CONSTRAINT t5_pkey PRIMARY KEY (c1, c4 WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+);
 
 -- Disable autovacuum for these tables to avoid unexpected effects of that
 ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 1" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
 ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 2" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
 ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 3" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
 ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 4" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 5" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
 
 INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 1"
 	SELECT id,
@@ -94,11 +102,18 @@ INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 4"
 	       'AAA' || to_char(id, 'FM000')
 	FROM generate_series(1, 100) id;
 DELETE FROM "S 1"."T 4" WHERE c1 % 3 != 0;	-- delete for outer join tests
+INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 5"
+	SELECT int4range(id, id + 1),
+	       id + 1,
+	       'AAA' || to_char(id, 'FM000'),
+        '[2000-01-01,2020-01-01)'
+	FROM generate_series(1, 100) id;
 
 ANALYZE "S 1"."T 1";
 ANALYZE "S 1"."T 2";
 ANALYZE "S 1"."T 3";
 ANALYZE "S 1"."T 4";
+ANALYZE "S 1"."T 5";
 
 -- ===================================================================
 -- create foreign tables
@@ -153,6 +168,14 @@ CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft7 (
 	c3 text
 ) SERVER loopback3 OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4');
 
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft8 (
+	c1 int4range NOT NULL,
+	c2 int NOT NULL,
+	c3 text,
+	c4 daterange NOT NULL
+) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 5');
+
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- tests for validator
 -- ===================================================================
@@ -1499,6 +1522,17 @@ EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off)
 DELETE FROM ft2 WHERE c1 = 1200 RETURNING tableoid::regclass;                       -- can be pushed down
 DELETE FROM ft2 WHERE c1 = 1200 RETURNING tableoid::regclass;
 
+-- Test UPDATE FOR PORTION OF
+UPDATE ft8 FOR PORTION OF c4 FROM '2005-01-01' TO '2006-01-01'
+SET c2 = c2 + 1
+WHERE c1 = '[1,2)';
+SELECT * FROM ft8 WHERE c1 = '[1,2)' ORDER BY c1, c4;
+
+-- Test DELETE FOR PORTION OF
+DELETE FROM ft8 FOR PORTION OF c4 FROM '2005-01-01' TO '2006-01-01'
+WHERE c1 = '[2,3)';
+SELECT * FROM ft8 WHERE c1 = '[2,3)' ORDER BY c1, c4;
+
 -- Test UPDATE/DELETE with RETURNING on a three-table join
 INSERT INTO ft2 (c1,c2,c3)
   SELECT id, id - 1200, to_char(id, 'FM00000') FROM generate_series(1201, 1300) id;
diff --git a/contrib/sepgsql/proc.c b/contrib/sepgsql/proc.c
index 4899bc2a3e3..20120fd531f 100644
--- a/contrib/sepgsql/proc.c
+++ b/contrib/sepgsql/proc.c
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ sepgsql_proc_drop(Oid functionId)
 	 * check db_schema:{remove_name} permission
 	 */
 	object.classId = NamespaceRelationId;
-	object.objectId = get_func_namespace(functionId);
+	object.objectId = get_func_namespace(functionId, true);
 	object.objectSubId = 0;
 	audit_name = getObjectIdentity(&object, false);
 
diff --git a/contrib/unaccent/unaccent.c b/contrib/unaccent/unaccent.c
index 0217696aac1..e87a588a3ae 100644
--- a/contrib/unaccent/unaccent.c
+++ b/contrib/unaccent/unaccent.c
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ unaccent_dict(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		 * Use the "unaccent" dictionary that is in the same schema that this
 		 * function is in.
 		 */
-		Oid			procnspid = get_func_namespace(fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid);
+		Oid			procnspid = get_func_namespace(fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid, true);
 		const char *dictname = "unaccent";
 
 		dictOid = GetSysCacheOid2(TSDICTNAMENSP, Anum_pg_ts_dict_oid,
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_publication.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_publication.sgml
index f8e217d6610..054e908e427 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_publication.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_publication.sgml
@@ -343,6 +343,12 @@ CREATE PUBLICATION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable>
    for each row inserted, updated, or deleted.
   </para>
 
+  <para>
+   For a <command>FOR PORTION OF</command> command, the publication will publish an
+   <command>UPDATE</command> or <command>DELETE</command>, followed by one
+   <command>INSERT</command> for each leftover row inserted.
+  </para>
+
   <para>
    <command>ATTACH</command>ing a table into a partition tree whose root is
    published using a publication with <literal>publish_via_partition_root</literal>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/delete.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/delete.sgml
index 7717855bc9e..6330fdff4c0 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/delete.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/delete.sgml
@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  <refsynopsisdiv>
 <synopsis>
 [ WITH [ RECURSIVE ] <replaceable class="parameter">with_query</replaceable> [, ...] ]
-DELETE FROM [ ONLY ] <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ * ] [ [ AS ] <replaceable class="parameter">alias</replaceable> ]
+DELETE FROM [ ONLY ] <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ * ]
+    [ FOR PORTION OF <replaceable class="parameter">range_or_period_name</replaceable> FROM <replaceable class="parameter">start_time</replaceable> TO <replaceable class="parameter">end_time</replaceable> ]
+    [ [ AS ] <replaceable class="parameter">alias</replaceable> ]
     [ USING <replaceable class="parameter">from_item</replaceable> [, ...] ]
     [ WHERE <replaceable class="parameter">condition</replaceable> | WHERE CURRENT OF <replaceable class="parameter">cursor_name</replaceable> ]
     [ RETURNING { * | <replaceable class="parameter">output_expression</replaceable> [ [ AS ] <replaceable class="parameter">output_name</replaceable> ] } [, ...] ]
@@ -54,6 +56,39 @@ DELETE FROM [ ONLY ] <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ *
    circumstances.
   </para>
 
+  <para>
+   If the table has a range or multirange column,
+   you may supply a <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> clause, and your delete will
+   only affect rows that overlap the given interval. Furthermore, if a row's span
+   extends outside the <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> bounds, then your delete
+   will only change the span within those bounds. In effect you are deleting any
+   moment targeted by <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> and no moments outside.
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   Specifically, after <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> deletes the existing row,
+   it will <literal>INSERT</literal>
+   new rows whose range or start/end column(s) receive the remaining span outside
+   the targeted bounds, containing the original values in other columns.
+   There will be zero to two inserted records,
+   depending on whether the original span extended before the targeted
+   <literal>FROM</literal>, after the targeted <literal>TO</literal>, both, or neither.
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   These secondary inserts fire <literal>INSERT</literal> triggers. First
+   <literal>BEFORE DELETE</literal> triggers first, then
+   <literal>BEFORE INSERT</literal>, then <literal>AFTER INSERT</literal>,
+   then <literal>AFTER DELETE</literal>.
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   These secondary inserts do not require <literal>INSERT</literal> privilege on the table.
+   This is because conceptually no new information has been added. The inserted rows only preserve
+   existing data about the untargeted time period. Note this may result in users firing <literal>INSERT</literal>
+   triggers who don't have insert privileges, so be careful about <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</literal> trigger functions!
+  </para>
+
   <para>
    The optional <literal>RETURNING</literal> clause causes <command>DELETE</command>
    to compute and return value(s) based on each row actually deleted.
@@ -116,6 +151,41 @@ DELETE FROM [ ONLY ] <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ *
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
 
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><replaceable class="parameter">range_or_period_name</replaceable></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      The range column or period to use when performing a temporal delete.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><replaceable class="parameter">start_time</replaceable></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      The earliest time (inclusive) to change in a temporal delete.
+      This must be a value matching the base type of the range or period from
+      <replaceable class="parameter">range_or_period_name</replaceable>. A
+      <literal>NULL</literal> here indicates a delete whose beginning is
+      unbounded (as with range types).
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><replaceable class="parameter">end_time</replaceable></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      The latest time (exclusive) to change in a temporal delete.
+      This must be a value matching the base type of the range or period from
+      <replaceable class="parameter">range_or_period_name</replaceable>. A
+      <literal>NULL</literal> here indicates a delete whose end is unbounded
+      (as with range types).
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
    <varlistentry>
     <term><replaceable class="parameter">from_item</replaceable></term>
     <listitem>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/update.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/update.sgml
index 1c433bec2bb..c893cc795f2 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/update.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/update.sgml
@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
  <refsynopsisdiv>
 <synopsis>
 [ WITH [ RECURSIVE ] <replaceable class="parameter">with_query</replaceable> [, ...] ]
-UPDATE [ ONLY ] <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ * ] [ [ AS ] <replaceable class="parameter">alias</replaceable> ]
+UPDATE [ ONLY ] <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ * ]
+    [ FOR PORTION OF <replaceable class="parameter">range_or_period_name</replaceable> <replaceable class="parameter">for_portion_of_target</replaceable> ]
+    [ [ AS ] <replaceable class="parameter">alias</replaceable> ]
     SET { <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> = { <replaceable class="parameter">expression</replaceable> | DEFAULT } |
           ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ...] ) = [ ROW ] ( { <replaceable class="parameter">expression</replaceable> | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) |
           ( <replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable> [, ...] ) = ( <replaceable class="parameter">sub-SELECT</replaceable> )
@@ -51,6 +53,41 @@ UPDATE [ ONLY ] <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ * ] [
    circumstances.
   </para>
 
+  <para>
+   If the table has a range or multirange column,
+   you may supply a <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> clause, and your update will
+   only affect rows that overlap the given interval. Furthermore, if a row's span
+   extends outside the <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> bounds, then your update
+   will only change the span within those bounds. In effect you are updating any
+   moment targeted by <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> and no moments outside.
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   Specifically, when <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> updates the existing row,
+   it will also change the range or start/end column(s) so that their interval
+   no longer extends beyond the targeted <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> bounds.
+   Then <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> will <literal>INSERT</literal>
+   new rows whose range or start/end column(s) receive the remaining span outside
+   the targeted bounds, containing the un-updated values in other columns.
+   There will be zero to two inserted records,
+   depending on whether the original span extended before the targeted
+   <literal>FROM</literal>, after the targeted <literal>TO</literal>, both, or neither.
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   These secondary inserts fire <literal>INSERT</literal> triggers. First
+   <literal>BEFORE UPDATE</literal> triggers first, then
+   <literal>BEFORE INSERT</literal>, then <literal>AFTER INSERT</literal>,
+   then <literal>AFTER UPDATE</literal>.
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   These secondary inserts do not require <literal>INSERT</literal> privilege on the table.
+   This is because conceptually no new information has been added. The inserted rows only preserve
+   existing data about the untargeted time period. Note this may result in users firing <literal>INSERT</literal>
+   triggers who don't have insert privileges, so be careful about <literal>SECURITY DEFINER</literal> trigger functions!
+  </para>
+
   <para>
    The optional <literal>RETURNING</literal> clause causes <command>UPDATE</command>
    to compute and return value(s) based on each row actually updated.
@@ -114,6 +151,57 @@ UPDATE [ ONLY ] <replaceable class="parameter">table_name</replaceable> [ * ] [
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
 
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><replaceable class="parameter">range_or_period_name</replaceable></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      The range column or period to use when performing a temporal update.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><replaceable class="parameter">for_portion_of_target</replaceable></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      The interval to update. If you are targeting a range column or <literal>PERIOD</literal>,
+      you may give this in the form <literal>FROM</literal>
+      <replaceable class="parameter">start_time</replaceable> <literal>TO</literal>
+      <replaceable class="parameter">end_time</replaceable>.
+      Otherwise you must use
+      <literal>(</literal><replaceable class="parameter">expression</replaceable><literal>)</literal>
+      where the expression yields a value for the same type as
+      <replaceable class="parameter">range_or_period_name</replaceable>.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><replaceable class="parameter">start_time</replaceable></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      The earliest time (inclusive) to change in a temporal update.
+      This must be a value matching the base type of the range or period from
+      <replaceable class="parameter">range_or_period_name</replaceable>. A
+      <literal>NULL</literal> here indicates an update whose beginning is
+      unbounded (as with range types).
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term><replaceable class="parameter">end_time</replaceable></term>
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      The latest time (exclusive) to change in a temporal update.
+      This must be a value matching the base type of the range or period from
+      <replaceable class="parameter">range_or_period_name</replaceable>. A
+      <literal>NULL</literal> here indicates an update whose end is unbounded
+      (as with range types).
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
    <varlistentry>
     <term><replaceable class="parameter">column_name</replaceable></term>
     <listitem>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/trigger.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/trigger.sgml
index a9abaab9056..624514ffbfd 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/trigger.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/trigger.sgml
@@ -366,6 +366,15 @@
     responsibility to avoid that.
    </para>
 
+   <para>
+    If an <command>UPDATE</command> or <command>DELETE</command> uses
+    <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal>, causing new rows to be inserted
+    to preserve the leftover untargeted part of modified records, then
+    <command>INSERT</command> triggers are fired for each inserted
+    row. Each row is inserted separately, so they fire their own
+    statement triggers, and they have their own transition tables.
+   </para>
+
    <para>
     <indexterm>
      <primary>trigger</primary>
@@ -547,17 +556,18 @@ CALLED_AS_TRIGGER(fcinfo)
 <programlisting>
 typedef struct TriggerData
 {
-    NodeTag          type;
-    TriggerEvent     tg_event;
-    Relation         tg_relation;
-    HeapTuple        tg_trigtuple;
-    HeapTuple        tg_newtuple;
-    Trigger         *tg_trigger;
-    TupleTableSlot  *tg_trigslot;
-    TupleTableSlot  *tg_newslot;
-    Tuplestorestate *tg_oldtable;
-    Tuplestorestate *tg_newtable;
-    const Bitmapset *tg_updatedcols;
+    NodeTag            type;
+    TriggerEvent       tg_event;
+    Relation           tg_relation;
+    HeapTuple          tg_trigtuple;
+    HeapTuple          tg_newtuple;
+    Trigger           *tg_trigger;
+    TupleTableSlot    *tg_trigslot;
+    TupleTableSlot    *tg_newslot;
+    Tuplestorestate   *tg_oldtable;
+    Tuplestorestate   *tg_newtable;
+    const Bitmapset   *tg_updatedcols;
+    ForPortionOfState *tg_temporal;
 } TriggerData;
 </programlisting>
 
@@ -825,6 +835,38 @@ typedef struct Trigger
        </para>
       </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
+
+     <varlistentry>
+      <term><structfield>tg_temporal</structfield></term>
+      <listitem>
+       <para>
+        Set for <literal>UPDATE</literal> and <literal>DELETE</literal> queries
+        that use <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal>, otherwise <symbol>NULL</symbol>.
+        Contains a pointer to a structure of type
+        <structname>ForPortionOfState</structname>, defined in
+        <filename>nodes/execnodes.h</filename>:
+
+<programlisting>
+typedef struct ForPortionOfState
+{
+    NodeTag type;
+
+    char   *fp_rangeName;       /* the column named in FOR PORTION OF */
+    Oid     fp_rangeType;       /* the type of the FOR PORTION OF expression */
+    int     fp_rangeAttno;      /* the attno of the range column */
+    Datum   fp_targetRange;     /* the range/multirange/etc from FOR PORTION OF */
+} ForPortionOfState;
+</programlisting>
+
+       where <structfield>fp_rangeName</structfield> is the range
+       column named in the <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> clause,
+       <structfield>fp_rangeType</structfield> is its range type,
+       <structfield>fp_rangeAttno</structfield> is its attribute number,
+       and <structfield>fp_targetRange</structfield> is a rangetype value created
+       by evaluating the <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> bounds.
+       </para>
+      </listitem>
+     </varlistentry>
     </variablelist>
    </para>
 
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
index 4681019b9f9..c474c08b868 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
@@ -1620,6 +1620,7 @@ FindFKPeriodOpersAndProcs(Oid opclass,
 						  Oid *containedbyoperoid,
 						  Oid *aggedcontainedbyoperoid,
 						  Oid *intersectoperoid,
+						  Oid *intersectprocoid,
 						  Oid *withoutportionoid)
 {
 	Oid			opfamily = InvalidOid;
@@ -1673,6 +1674,19 @@ FindFKPeriodOpersAndProcs(Oid opclass,
 			elog(ERROR, "Unexpected opcintype: %u", opcintype);
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Look up the intersect proc. We use this for FOR PORTION OF
+	 * (both the operation itself and when checking foreign keys).
+	 * If this is missing we don't need to complain here,
+	 * because FOR PORTION OF will not be allowed.
+	 */
+	*intersectprocoid = InvalidOid;
+	*intersectprocoid = get_opfamily_proc(opfamily, opcintype, opcintype, GIST_INTERSECT_PROC);
+
+	/*
+	 * Look up the without_portion func. We need this for RESTRICT
+	 * foreign keys and also FOR PORTION OF.
+	 */
 	*withoutportionoid = InvalidOid;
 	*withoutportionoid = get_opfamily_proc(opfamily, opcintype, opcintype, GIST_WITHOUT_PORTION_PROC);
 	if (!OidIsValid(*withoutportionoid))
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
index d20cb0f9e6e..9551eec30da 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
@@ -10225,11 +10225,12 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel,
 		Oid			periodoperoid;
 		Oid			aggedperiodoperoid;
 		Oid			intersectoperoid;
+		Oid			intersectprocoid;
 		Oid			withoutoverlapsoid;
 
 		FindFKPeriodOpersAndProcs(opclasses[numpks - 1], &periodoperoid,
 								  &aggedperiodoperoid, &intersectoperoid,
-								  &withoutoverlapsoid);
+								  &intersectprocoid, &withoutoverlapsoid);
 	}
 
 	/* First, create the constraint catalog entry itself. */
@@ -12597,6 +12598,7 @@ validateForeignKeyConstraint(char *conname,
 		trigdata.tg_trigtuple = ExecFetchSlotHeapTuple(slot, false, NULL);
 		trigdata.tg_trigslot = slot;
 		trigdata.tg_trigger = &trig;
+		trigdata.tg_temporal = NULL;
 
 		fcinfo->context = (Node *) &trigdata;
 
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c
index 09356e46d16..c134b8e3774 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/trigger.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/trigger.c
@@ -47,12 +47,14 @@
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
 #include "utils/acl.h"
 #include "utils/builtins.h"
+#include "utils/datum.h"
 #include "utils/fmgroids.h"
 #include "utils/guc_hooks.h"
 #include "utils/inval.h"
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
 #include "utils/plancache.h"
+#include "utils/rangetypes.h"
 #include "utils/rel.h"
 #include "utils/snapmgr.h"
 #include "utils/syscache.h"
@@ -2632,6 +2634,7 @@ ExecBSDeleteTriggers(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo)
 	LocTriggerData.tg_event = TRIGGER_EVENT_DELETE |
 		TRIGGER_EVENT_BEFORE;
 	LocTriggerData.tg_relation = relinfo->ri_RelationDesc;
+	LocTriggerData.tg_temporal = relinfo->ri_forPortionOf;
 	for (i = 0; i < trigdesc->numtriggers; i++)
 	{
 		Trigger    *trigger = &trigdesc->triggers[i];
@@ -2731,6 +2734,7 @@ ExecBRDeleteTriggers(EState *estate, EPQState *epqstate,
 		TRIGGER_EVENT_ROW |
 		TRIGGER_EVENT_BEFORE;
 	LocTriggerData.tg_relation = relinfo->ri_RelationDesc;
+	LocTriggerData.tg_temporal = relinfo->ri_forPortionOf;
 	for (i = 0; i < trigdesc->numtriggers; i++)
 	{
 		HeapTuple	newtuple;
@@ -2822,6 +2826,7 @@ ExecIRDeleteTriggers(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo,
 		TRIGGER_EVENT_ROW |
 		TRIGGER_EVENT_INSTEAD;
 	LocTriggerData.tg_relation = relinfo->ri_RelationDesc;
+	LocTriggerData.tg_temporal = relinfo->ri_forPortionOf;
 
 	ExecForceStoreHeapTuple(trigtuple, slot, false);
 
@@ -2885,6 +2890,7 @@ ExecBSUpdateTriggers(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo)
 		TRIGGER_EVENT_BEFORE;
 	LocTriggerData.tg_relation = relinfo->ri_RelationDesc;
 	LocTriggerData.tg_updatedcols = updatedCols;
+	LocTriggerData.tg_temporal = relinfo->ri_forPortionOf;
 	for (i = 0; i < trigdesc->numtriggers; i++)
 	{
 		Trigger    *trigger = &trigdesc->triggers[i];
@@ -3020,6 +3026,7 @@ ExecBRUpdateTriggers(EState *estate, EPQState *epqstate,
 		TRIGGER_EVENT_ROW |
 		TRIGGER_EVENT_BEFORE;
 	LocTriggerData.tg_relation = relinfo->ri_RelationDesc;
+	LocTriggerData.tg_temporal = relinfo->ri_forPortionOf;
 	updatedCols = ExecGetAllUpdatedCols(relinfo, estate);
 	LocTriggerData.tg_updatedcols = updatedCols;
 	for (i = 0; i < trigdesc->numtriggers; i++)
@@ -3169,6 +3176,7 @@ ExecIRUpdateTriggers(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo,
 		TRIGGER_EVENT_ROW |
 		TRIGGER_EVENT_INSTEAD;
 	LocTriggerData.tg_relation = relinfo->ri_RelationDesc;
+	LocTriggerData.tg_temporal = relinfo->ri_forPortionOf;
 
 	ExecForceStoreHeapTuple(trigtuple, oldslot, false);
 
@@ -3635,6 +3643,7 @@ typedef struct AfterTriggerSharedData
 	Oid			ats_tgoid;		/* the trigger's ID */
 	Oid			ats_relid;		/* the relation it's on */
 	CommandId	ats_firing_id;	/* ID for firing cycle */
+	ForPortionOfState *for_portion_of;	/* the FOR PORTION OF clause */
 	struct AfterTriggersTableData *ats_table;	/* transition table access */
 	Bitmapset  *ats_modifiedcols;	/* modified columns */
 } AfterTriggerSharedData;
@@ -3908,6 +3917,7 @@ static SetConstraintState SetConstraintStateCreate(int numalloc);
 static SetConstraintState SetConstraintStateCopy(SetConstraintState origstate);
 static SetConstraintState SetConstraintStateAddItem(SetConstraintState state,
 													Oid tgoid, bool tgisdeferred);
+static ForPortionOfState *CopyForPortionOfState(ForPortionOfState *src);
 static void cancel_prior_stmt_triggers(Oid relid, CmdType cmdType, int tgevent);
 
 
@@ -4120,6 +4130,7 @@ afterTriggerAddEvent(AfterTriggerEventList *events,
 			newshared->ats_relid == evtshared->ats_relid &&
 			newshared->ats_event == evtshared->ats_event &&
 			newshared->ats_table == evtshared->ats_table &&
+			newshared->for_portion_of == evtshared->for_portion_of &&
 			newshared->ats_firing_id == 0)
 			break;
 	}
@@ -4488,6 +4499,7 @@ AfterTriggerExecute(EState *estate,
 	LocTriggerData.tg_relation = rel;
 	if (TRIGGER_FOR_UPDATE(LocTriggerData.tg_trigger->tgtype))
 		LocTriggerData.tg_updatedcols = evtshared->ats_modifiedcols;
+	LocTriggerData.tg_temporal = evtshared->for_portion_of;
 
 	MemoryContextReset(per_tuple_context);
 
@@ -6022,6 +6034,40 @@ AfterTriggerPendingOnRel(Oid relid)
 	return false;
 }
 
+/* ----------
+ * ForPortionOfState()
+ *
+ * Copys a ForPortionOfState into the current memory context.
+ */
+static ForPortionOfState *
+CopyForPortionOfState(ForPortionOfState *src)
+{
+	ForPortionOfState *dst = NULL;
+	if (src) {
+		MemoryContext oldctx;
+		RangeType *r;
+		TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
+
+		/*
+		 * Need to lift the FOR PORTION OF details into a higher memory context
+		 * because cascading foreign key update/deletes can cause triggers to fire
+		 * triggers, and the AfterTriggerEvents will outlive the FPO
+		 * details of the original query.
+		 */
+		oldctx = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopTransactionContext);
+		dst = makeNode(ForPortionOfState);
+		dst->fp_rangeName = pstrdup(src->fp_rangeName);
+		dst->fp_rangeType = src->fp_rangeType;
+		dst->fp_rangeAttno = src->fp_rangeAttno;
+
+		r = DatumGetRangeTypeP(src->fp_targetRange);
+		typcache = lookup_type_cache(RangeTypeGetOid(r), TYPECACHE_RANGE_INFO);
+		dst->fp_targetRange = datumCopy(src->fp_targetRange, typcache->typbyval, typcache->typlen);
+		MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldctx);
+	}
+	return dst;
+}
+
 /* ----------
  * AfterTriggerSaveEvent()
  *
@@ -6437,6 +6483,7 @@ AfterTriggerSaveEvent(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo,
 		else
 			new_shared.ats_table = NULL;
 		new_shared.ats_modifiedcols = afterTriggerCopyBitmap(modifiedCols);
+		new_shared.for_portion_of = CopyForPortionOfState(relinfo->ri_forPortionOf);
 
 		afterTriggerAddEvent(&afterTriggers.query_stack[afterTriggers.query_depth].events,
 							 &new_event, &new_shared);
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/execMain.c b/src/backend/executor/execMain.c
index 5ca856fd279..8af35e8b05c 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/execMain.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/execMain.c
@@ -1257,6 +1257,7 @@ InitResultRelInfo(ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
 	resultRelInfo->ri_projectReturning = NULL;
 	resultRelInfo->ri_onConflictArbiterIndexes = NIL;
 	resultRelInfo->ri_onConflict = NULL;
+	resultRelInfo->ri_forPortionOf = NULL;
 	resultRelInfo->ri_ReturningSlot = NULL;
 	resultRelInfo->ri_TrigOldSlot = NULL;
 	resultRelInfo->ri_TrigNewSlot = NULL;
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c b/src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c
index 1161520f76b..02f17fccff9 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/nodeModifyTable.c
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 
 #include "postgres.h"
 
+#include "access/heapam.h"
 #include "access/htup_details.h"
 #include "access/tableam.h"
 #include "access/xact.h"
@@ -59,14 +60,19 @@
 #include "executor/execPartition.h"
 #include "executor/executor.h"
 #include "executor/nodeModifyTable.h"
+#include "executor/spi.h"
 #include "foreign/fdwapi.h"
 #include "miscadmin.h"
 #include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
 #include "optimizer/optimizer.h"
+#include "parser/parse_relation.h"
 #include "rewrite/rewriteHandler.h"
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
+#include "utils/array.h"
 #include "utils/builtins.h"
 #include "utils/datum.h"
+#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
+#include "utils/rangetypes.h"
 #include "utils/rel.h"
 #include "utils/snapmgr.h"
 
@@ -123,6 +129,19 @@ typedef struct UpdateContext
 	LockTupleMode lockmode;
 } UpdateContext;
 
+/*
+ * FPO_QueryHashEntry
+ */
+typedef struct FPO_QueryHashEntry {
+	Oid			key;
+	SPIPlanPtr	plan;
+} FPO_QueryHashEntry;
+
+/*
+ * Plan cache for FOR PORTION OF inserts
+ */
+#define FPO_INIT_QUERYHASHSIZE 32
+static HTAB *fpo_query_cache = NULL;
 
 static void ExecBatchInsert(ModifyTableState *mtstate,
 							ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
@@ -144,6 +163,13 @@ static bool ExecOnConflictUpdate(ModifyTableContext *context,
 								 TupleTableSlot *excludedSlot,
 								 bool canSetTag,
 								 TupleTableSlot **returning);
+static void fpo_InitHashTable(void);
+static SPIPlanPtr fpo_FetchPreparedPlan(Oid relid);
+static void fpo_HashPreparedPlan(Oid relid, SPIPlanPtr plan);
+static void ExecForPortionOfLeftovers(ModifyTableContext *context,
+									  EState *estate,
+									  ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
+									  ItemPointer tupleid);
 static TupleTableSlot *ExecPrepareTupleRouting(ModifyTableState *mtstate,
 											   EState *estate,
 											   PartitionTupleRouting *proute,
@@ -166,6 +192,7 @@ static TupleTableSlot *ExecMergeMatched(ModifyTableContext *context,
 static TupleTableSlot *ExecMergeNotMatched(ModifyTableContext *context,
 										   ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
 										   bool canSetTag);
+static void ExecSetupTransitionCaptureState(ModifyTableState *mtstate, EState *estate);
 
 
 /*
@@ -1214,6 +1241,367 @@ ExecInsert(ModifyTableContext *context,
 	return result;
 }
 
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ *		fpo_InitHashTable
+ *
+ *		Creates a hash table to hold SPI plans to insert leftovers
+ *		from a PORTION OF UPDATE/DELETE
+ * ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+static void
+fpo_InitHashTable(void)
+{
+	HASHCTL		ctl;
+
+	ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
+	ctl.entrysize = sizeof(FPO_QueryHashEntry);
+	fpo_query_cache = hash_create("FPO_query_cache",
+								  FPO_INIT_QUERYHASHSIZE,
+								  &ctl, HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
+}
+
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ *		fpo_FetchPreparedPlan
+ *
+ *		Lookup for a query key in our private hash table of
+ *		prepared and saved SPI execution plans. Returns the plan
+ *		if found or NULL.
+ * ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+static SPIPlanPtr
+fpo_FetchPreparedPlan(Oid relid)
+{
+	FPO_QueryHashEntry *entry;
+	SPIPlanPtr	plan;
+
+	if (!fpo_query_cache)
+		fpo_InitHashTable();
+
+	/*
+	 * Lookup for the key
+	 */
+	entry = (FPO_QueryHashEntry *) hash_search(fpo_query_cache,
+											   &relid,
+											   HASH_FIND, NULL);
+
+	if (!entry)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check whether the plan is still valid.  If it isn't, we don't want to
+	 * simply rely on plancache.c to regenerate it; rather we should start
+	 * from scratch and rebuild the query text too.  This is to cover cases
+	 * such as table/column renames.  We depend on the plancache machinery to
+	 * detect possible invalidations, though.
+	 *
+	 * CAUTION: this check is only trustworthy if the caller has already
+	 * locked both FK and PK rels.
+	 */
+	plan = entry->plan;
+	if (plan && SPI_plan_is_valid(plan))
+		return plan;
+
+	/*
+	 * Otherwise we might as well flush the cached plan now, to free a little
+	 * memory space before we make a new one.
+	 */
+	entry->plan = NULL;
+	if (plan)
+		SPI_freeplan(plan);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ *		fpo_HashPreparedPlan
+ *
+ *		Add another plan to our private SPI query plan hashtable.
+ * ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+static void
+fpo_HashPreparedPlan(Oid relid, SPIPlanPtr plan)
+{
+	FPO_QueryHashEntry *entry;
+	bool		found;
+
+	/*
+	 * On the first call initialize the hashtable
+	 */
+	if (!fpo_query_cache)
+		fpo_InitHashTable();
+
+	/*
+	 * Add the new plan. We might be overwriting an entry previously found
+	 * invalid by fpo_FetchPreparedPlan.
+	 */
+	entry = (FPO_QueryHashEntry *) hash_search(fpo_query_cache,
+											   &relid,
+											   HASH_ENTER, &found);
+	Assert(!found || entry->plan == NULL);
+	entry->plan = plan;
+}
+
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ *		ExecForPortionOfLeftovers
+ *
+ *		Insert tuples for the untouched portion of a row in a FOR
+ *		PORTION OF UPDATE/DELETE
+ * ----------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+static void
+ExecForPortionOfLeftovers(ModifyTableContext *context,
+						  EState *estate,
+						  ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
+						  ItemPointer tupleid)
+{
+	ModifyTableState *mtstate = context->mtstate;
+	ModifyTable *node = (ModifyTable *) mtstate->ps.plan;
+	ForPortionOfExpr *forPortionOf = (ForPortionOfExpr *) node->forPortionOf;
+	AttrNumber	rangeAttno;
+	Oid	relid;
+	TupleDesc tupdesc;
+	int	natts;
+	Datum	oldRange;
+	TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
+	ForPortionOfState *fpoState = resultRelInfo->ri_forPortionOf;
+	TupleTableSlot *oldtupleSlot = fpoState->fp_Existing;
+	TupleTableSlot *leftoverSlot;
+	TupleConversionMap *map = NULL;
+	HeapTuple oldtuple = NULL;
+	FmgrInfo flinfo;
+	ReturnSetInfo rsi;
+	Relation rel;
+	bool didInit = false;
+	bool shouldFree = false;
+	LOCAL_FCINFO(fcinfo, 2);
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the range of the old pre-UPDATE/DELETE tuple,
+	 * so we can intersect it with the FOR PORTION OF target
+	 * and see if there are any "leftovers" to insert.
+	 *
+	 * We have already locked the tuple in ExecUpdate/ExecDelete
+	 * and it has passed EvalPlanQual.
+	 * Make sure we're looking at the most recent version.
+	 * Otherwise concurrent updates of the same tuple in READ COMMITTED
+	 * could insert conflicting "leftovers".
+	 */
+	if (!table_tuple_fetch_row_version(resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc, tupleid, SnapshotAny, oldtupleSlot))
+		elog(ERROR, "failed to fetch tuple for FOR PORTION OF");
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the old range of the record being updated/deleted.
+	 * Must read with the attno of the leaf partition.
+	 */
+
+	rangeAttno = forPortionOf->rangeVar->varattno;
+	if (resultRelInfo->ri_RootResultRelInfo)
+		map = ExecGetChildToRootMap(resultRelInfo);
+	if (map != NULL)
+		rangeAttno = map->attrMap->attnums[rangeAttno - 1];
+	slot_getallattrs(oldtupleSlot);
+
+	if (oldtupleSlot->tts_isnull[rangeAttno - 1])
+		elog(ERROR, "found a NULL range in a temporal table");
+	oldRange = oldtupleSlot->tts_values[rangeAttno - 1];
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the range's type cache entry. This is worth caching for the whole
+	 * UPDATE/DELETE as range functions do.
+	 */
+
+	typcache = fpoState->fp_leftoverstypcache;
+	if (typcache == NULL)
+	{
+		typcache = lookup_type_cache(forPortionOf->rangeType, 0);
+		fpoState->fp_leftoverstypcache = typcache;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the ranges to the left/right of the targeted range.
+	 * We call a SETOF support function and insert as many leftovers
+	 * as it gives us. Although rangetypes have 0/1/2 leftovers,
+	 * multiranges have 0/1, and other types may have more.
+	 */
+
+	fmgr_info(forPortionOf->withoutPortionProc, &flinfo);
+	rsi.type = T_ReturnSetInfo;
+	rsi.econtext = mtstate->ps.ps_ExprContext;
+	rsi.expectedDesc = NULL;
+	rsi.allowedModes = (int) (SFRM_ValuePerCall);
+	rsi.returnMode = SFRM_ValuePerCall;
+	rsi.setResult = NULL;
+	rsi.setDesc = NULL;
+
+	InitFunctionCallInfoData(*fcinfo, &flinfo, 2, InvalidOid, NULL, (Node *) &rsi);
+	fcinfo->args[0].value = oldRange;
+	fcinfo->args[0].isnull = false;
+	fcinfo->args[1].value = fpoState->fp_targetRange;
+	fcinfo->args[1].isnull = false;
+
+	/*
+	 * If there are partitions, we must insert into the root table,
+	 * so we get tuple routing. We already set up leftoverSlot
+	 * with the root tuple descriptor.
+	 */
+	if (resultRelInfo->ri_RootResultRelInfo)
+		resultRelInfo = resultRelInfo->ri_RootResultRelInfo;
+
+	rel = resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc;
+	relid = RelationGetRelid(rel);
+
+	/* Insert a leftover for each value returned by the without_portion helper function */
+	while (true)
+	{
+		Datum leftover = FunctionCallInvoke(fcinfo);
+		SPIPlanPtr	qplan = NULL;
+		int spi_result;
+
+		/* Are we done? */
+		if (rsi.isDone == ExprEndResult)
+			break;
+
+		if (fcinfo->isnull)
+			elog(ERROR, "Got a null from without_portion function");
+
+		if (!didInit)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Convert oldtuple to the base table's format if necessary.
+			 * We need to insert leftovers through the root partition
+			 * so they get routed correctly.
+			 */
+			if (map != NULL)
+			{
+				leftoverSlot = execute_attr_map_slot(map->attrMap,
+													 oldtupleSlot,
+													 fpoState->fp_Leftover);
+			}
+			else
+				leftoverSlot = oldtupleSlot;
+
+			tupdesc = leftoverSlot->tts_tupleDescriptor;
+			natts = tupdesc->natts;
+
+			/*
+			 * If targeting a leaf partition,
+			 * it may not have fp_values/fp_nulls yet.
+			 */
+			if (!fpoState->fp_values)
+			{
+				fpoState->fp_values = palloc(natts * sizeof(Datum));
+				fpoState->fp_nulls = palloc(natts * sizeof(char));
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * Copy (potentially mapped) oldtuple values into SPI input arrays.
+			 * We'll overwrite the range/start/end attributes below.
+			 */
+			memcpy(fpoState->fp_values, leftoverSlot->tts_values, natts * sizeof(Datum));
+
+			SPI_connect();
+
+			didInit = true;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Build an SPI plan if we don't have one yet.
+		 * We always insert into the root partition,
+		 * so that we get tuple routing.
+		 * Therefore the plan is the same no matter which leaf
+		 * we are updating/deleting.
+		 */
+		if (!qplan && !(qplan = fpo_FetchPreparedPlan(relid)))
+		{
+			Oid	*types = palloc0(natts * sizeof(Oid));
+			int i;
+			bool started = false;
+			StringInfoData querybuf;
+			StringInfoData parambuf;
+			const char *tablename;
+			const char *schemaname;
+			const char *colname;
+
+			initStringInfo(&querybuf);
+			initStringInfo(&parambuf);
+
+			schemaname = get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(rel));
+			tablename = RelationGetRelationName(rel);
+			appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "INSERT INTO %s (",
+							 quote_qualified_identifier(schemaname, tablename));
+
+			for (i = 0; i < natts; i++) {
+				/* Don't try to insert into dropped or generated columns */
+				if (tupdesc->attrs[i].attisdropped || tupdesc->attrs[i].attgenerated)
+					continue;
+
+				types[i] = tupdesc->attrs[i].atttypid;
+
+				colname = quote_identifier(NameStr(*attnumAttName(rel, i + 1)));
+				if (started)
+				{
+					appendStringInfo(&querybuf, ", %s", colname);
+					appendStringInfo(&parambuf, ", $%d", i + 1);
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "%s", colname);
+					appendStringInfo(&parambuf, "$%d", i + 1);
+				}
+				started = true;
+			}
+			appendStringInfo(&querybuf, ") VALUES (%s)", parambuf.data);
+
+			qplan = SPI_prepare(querybuf.data, natts, types);
+			if (!qplan)
+				elog(ERROR, "SPI_prepare returned %s for %s",
+						SPI_result_code_string(SPI_result), querybuf.data);
+
+			SPI_keepplan(qplan);
+			fpo_HashPreparedPlan(relid, qplan);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Set up the SPI params.
+		 * Copy most attributes' old values,
+		 * but for the range/start/end use the leftover.
+		 */
+
+		/* Convert bool null array to SPI char array */
+		for (int i = 0; i < natts; i++)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Don't try to insert into dropped or generated columns.
+			 * Tell SPI these params are null just to be safe.
+			 */
+			if (tupdesc->attrs[i].attisdropped || tupdesc->attrs[i].attgenerated)
+				fpoState->fp_nulls[i] = 'n';
+			else
+				fpoState->fp_nulls[i] = leftoverSlot->tts_isnull[i] ? 'n' : ' ';
+		}
+
+		fpoState->fp_nulls[forPortionOf->rangeVar->varattno - 1] = ' ';
+		fpoState->fp_values[forPortionOf->rangeVar->varattno - 1] = leftover;
+
+		spi_result = SPI_execute_snapshot(qplan,
+										  fpoState->fp_values,
+										  fpoState->fp_nulls,
+										  GetLatestSnapshot(),
+										  InvalidSnapshot, false, true, 0);
+		if (spi_result != SPI_OK_INSERT)
+			elog(ERROR, "SPI_execute_snapshot returned %s", SPI_result_code_string(spi_result));
+	}
+
+	if (didInit)
+	{
+		if (SPI_finish() != SPI_OK_FINISH)
+			elog(ERROR, "SPI_finish failed");
+
+		if (shouldFree)
+			heap_freetuple(oldtuple);
+	}
+}
+
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
  *		ExecBatchInsert
  *
@@ -1366,7 +1754,8 @@ ExecDeleteAct(ModifyTableContext *context, ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
  *
  * Closing steps of tuple deletion; this invokes AFTER FOR EACH ROW triggers,
  * including the UPDATE triggers if the deletion is being done as part of a
- * cross-partition tuple move.
+ * cross-partition tuple move. It also inserts leftovers from a FOR PORTION OF
+ * delete.
  */
 static void
 ExecDeleteEpilogue(ModifyTableContext *context, ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
@@ -1399,6 +1788,10 @@ ExecDeleteEpilogue(ModifyTableContext *context, ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
 		ar_delete_trig_tcs = NULL;
 	}
 
+	/* Compute leftovers in FOR PORTION OF */
+	if (((ModifyTable *) context->mtstate->ps.plan)->forPortionOf)
+		ExecForPortionOfLeftovers(context, estate, resultRelInfo, tupleid);
+
 	/* AFTER ROW DELETE Triggers */
 	ExecARDeleteTriggers(estate, resultRelInfo, tupleid, oldtuple,
 						 ar_delete_trig_tcs, changingPart);
@@ -1779,7 +2172,11 @@ ExecCrossPartitionUpdate(ModifyTableContext *context,
 	if (resultRelInfo == mtstate->rootResultRelInfo)
 		ExecPartitionCheckEmitError(resultRelInfo, slot, estate);
 
-	/* Initialize tuple routing info if not already done. */
+	/*
+	 * Initialize tuple routing info if not already done.
+	 * Note whatever we do here must be done in ExecInitModifyTable
+	 * for FOR PORTION OF as well.
+	 */
 	if (mtstate->mt_partition_tuple_routing == NULL)
 	{
 		Relation	rootRel = mtstate->rootResultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc;
@@ -2145,6 +2542,10 @@ ExecUpdateEpilogue(ModifyTableContext *context, UpdateContext *updateCxt,
 											   NULL, NIL,
 											   (updateCxt->updateIndexes == TU_Summarizing));
 
+	/* Compute leftovers in FOR PORTION OF */
+	if (((ModifyTable *) context->mtstate->ps.plan)->forPortionOf)
+		ExecForPortionOfLeftovers(context, context->estate, resultRelInfo, tupleid);
+
 	/* AFTER ROW UPDATE Triggers */
 	ExecARUpdateTriggers(context->estate, resultRelInfo,
 						 NULL, NULL,
@@ -4640,6 +5041,99 @@ ExecInitModifyTable(ModifyTable *node, EState *estate, int eflags)
 		}
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * If needed, initialize the target range for FOR PORTION OF.
+	 */
+	if (node->forPortionOf)
+	{
+		ResultRelInfo *rootResultRelInfo;
+		TupleDesc tupDesc;
+		ForPortionOfExpr *forPortionOf;
+		Datum	targetRange;
+		bool	isNull;
+		ExprContext *econtext;
+		ExprState *exprState;
+		ForPortionOfState *fpoState;
+
+		rootResultRelInfo = mtstate->resultRelInfo;
+		if (rootResultRelInfo->ri_RootResultRelInfo)
+			rootResultRelInfo = rootResultRelInfo->ri_RootResultRelInfo;
+
+		tupDesc = rootResultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc->rd_att;
+		forPortionOf = (ForPortionOfExpr *) node->forPortionOf;
+
+		/* Eval the FOR PORTION OF target */
+		if (mtstate->ps.ps_ExprContext == NULL)
+			ExecAssignExprContext(estate, &mtstate->ps);
+		econtext = mtstate->ps.ps_ExprContext;
+
+		exprState = ExecPrepareExpr((Expr *) forPortionOf->targetRange, estate);
+		targetRange = ExecEvalExpr(exprState, econtext, &isNull);
+		if (isNull)
+			elog(ERROR, "Got a NULL FOR PORTION OF target range");
+
+		/* Create state for FOR PORTION OF operation */
+
+		fpoState = makeNode(ForPortionOfState);
+		fpoState->fp_rangeName = forPortionOf->range_name;
+		fpoState->fp_rangeType = forPortionOf->rangeType;
+		fpoState->fp_rangeAttno = forPortionOf->rangeVar->varattno;
+		fpoState->fp_targetRange = targetRange;
+
+		/* Initialize slot for the existing tuple */
+
+		fpoState->fp_Existing =
+			table_slot_create(rootResultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc,
+							  &mtstate->ps.state->es_tupleTable);
+
+		/* Create the tuple slot for INSERTing the leftovers */
+
+		fpoState->fp_Leftover =
+			ExecInitExtraTupleSlot(mtstate->ps.state, tupDesc, &TTSOpsVirtual);
+
+		/* Allocate our SPI param arrays here so we can reuse them */
+		fpoState->fp_values = palloc(tupDesc->natts * sizeof(Datum));
+		fpoState->fp_nulls = palloc(tupDesc->natts * sizeof(char));
+
+		/*
+		 * We must attach the ForPortionOfState to all result rels,
+		 * in case of a cross-partition update or triggers firing
+		 * on partitions.
+		 * XXX: Can we defer this to only the leafs we touch?
+		 */
+		for (i = 0; i < nrels; i++)
+		{
+			ForPortionOfState	*leafState;
+			resultRelInfo = &mtstate->resultRelInfo[i];
+
+			leafState = makeNode(ForPortionOfState);
+			leafState->fp_rangeName = fpoState->fp_rangeName;
+			leafState->fp_rangeType = fpoState->fp_rangeType;
+			leafState->fp_rangeAttno = fpoState->fp_rangeAttno;
+			leafState->fp_targetRange = fpoState->fp_targetRange;
+			leafState->fp_Leftover = fpoState->fp_Leftover;
+			/* Each partition needs a slot matching its tuple descriptor */
+			leafState->fp_Existing =
+				table_slot_create(resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc,
+								  &mtstate->ps.state->es_tupleTable);
+			/*
+			 * Leafs need them own SPI input arrays
+			 * since they might have extra attributes,
+			 * but we'll allocate those as needed.
+			 */
+			leafState->fp_values = NULL;
+			leafState->fp_nulls = NULL;
+
+			resultRelInfo->ri_forPortionOf = leafState;
+		}
+
+		/* Make sure the root relation has the FOR PORTION OF clause too. */
+		if (node->rootRelation > 0)
+			mtstate->rootResultRelInfo->ri_forPortionOf = fpoState;
+
+		/* Don't free the ExprContext here because the result must last for the whole query */
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * If we have any secondary relations in an UPDATE or DELETE, they need to
 	 * be treated like non-locked relations in SELECT FOR UPDATE, i.e., the
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/spi.c b/src/backend/executor/spi.c
index 2fb2e73604e..b07d88ce2fe 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/spi.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/spi.c
@@ -764,7 +764,7 @@ SPI_execute_plan_with_paramlist(SPIPlanPtr plan, ParamListInfo params,
  * end of the command.
  *
  * This is currently not documented in spi.sgml because it is only intended
- * for use by RI triggers.
+ * for use by RI triggers and FOR PORTION OF.
  *
  * Passing snapshot == InvalidSnapshot will select the normal behavior of
  * fetching a new snapshot for each query.
diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/nodeFuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/nodeFuncs.c
index 3060847b133..034e0020144 100644
--- a/src/backend/nodes/nodeFuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/nodes/nodeFuncs.c
@@ -2560,6 +2560,14 @@ expression_tree_walker_impl(Node *node,
 					return true;
 			}
 			break;
+		case T_ForPortionOfExpr:
+			{
+				ForPortionOfExpr *forPortionOf = (ForPortionOfExpr *) node;
+
+				if (WALK(forPortionOf->targetRange))
+					return true;
+			}
+			break;
 		case T_PartitionPruneStepOp:
 			{
 				PartitionPruneStepOp *opstep = (PartitionPruneStepOp *) node;
@@ -2706,6 +2714,8 @@ query_tree_walker_impl(Query *query,
 		return true;
 	if (WALK(query->mergeJoinCondition))
 		return true;
+	if (WALK(query->forPortionOf))
+		return true;
 	if (WALK(query->returningList))
 		return true;
 	if (WALK(query->jointree))
@@ -3590,6 +3600,19 @@ expression_tree_mutator_impl(Node *node,
 				return (Node *) newnode;
 			}
 			break;
+		case T_ForPortionOfExpr:
+			{
+				ForPortionOfExpr *fpo = (ForPortionOfExpr *) node;
+				ForPortionOfExpr *newnode;
+
+				FLATCOPY(newnode, fpo, ForPortionOfExpr);
+				MUTATE(newnode->rangeVar, fpo->rangeVar, Var *);
+				MUTATE(newnode->targetRange, fpo->targetRange, Node *);
+				MUTATE(newnode->rangeTargetList, fpo->rangeTargetList, List *);
+
+				return (Node *) newnode;
+			}
+			break;
 		case T_PartitionPruneStepOp:
 			{
 				PartitionPruneStepOp *opstep = (PartitionPruneStepOp *) node;
@@ -3771,6 +3794,7 @@ query_tree_mutator_impl(Query *query,
 	MUTATE(query->onConflict, query->onConflict, OnConflictExpr *);
 	MUTATE(query->mergeActionList, query->mergeActionList, List *);
 	MUTATE(query->mergeJoinCondition, query->mergeJoinCondition, Node *);
+	MUTATE(query->forPortionOf, query->forPortionOf, ForPortionOfExpr *);
 	MUTATE(query->returningList, query->returningList, List *);
 	MUTATE(query->jointree, query->jointree, FromExpr *);
 	MUTATE(query->setOperations, query->setOperations, Node *);
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
index f2ed0d81f61..200d2989f1a 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ static ModifyTable *make_modifytable(PlannerInfo *root, Plan *subplan,
 									 List *withCheckOptionLists, List *returningLists,
 									 List *rowMarks, OnConflictExpr *onconflict,
 									 List *mergeActionLists, List *mergeJoinConditions,
-									 int epqParam);
+									 ForPortionOfExpr *forPortionOf, int epqParam);
 static GatherMerge *create_gather_merge_plan(PlannerInfo *root,
 											 GatherMergePath *best_path);
 
@@ -2838,6 +2838,7 @@ create_modifytable_plan(PlannerInfo *root, ModifyTablePath *best_path)
 							best_path->onconflict,
 							best_path->mergeActionLists,
 							best_path->mergeJoinConditions,
+							best_path->forPortionOf,
 							best_path->epqParam);
 
 	copy_generic_path_info(&plan->plan, &best_path->path);
@@ -7111,7 +7112,7 @@ make_modifytable(PlannerInfo *root, Plan *subplan,
 				 List *withCheckOptionLists, List *returningLists,
 				 List *rowMarks, OnConflictExpr *onconflict,
 				 List *mergeActionLists, List *mergeJoinConditions,
-				 int epqParam)
+				 ForPortionOfExpr *forPortionOf, int epqParam)
 {
 	ModifyTable *node = makeNode(ModifyTable);
 	List	   *fdw_private_list;
@@ -7177,6 +7178,7 @@ make_modifytable(PlannerInfo *root, Plan *subplan,
 		node->exclRelTlist = onconflict->exclRelTlist;
 	}
 	node->updateColnosLists = updateColnosLists;
+	node->forPortionOf = (Node *) forPortionOf;
 	node->withCheckOptionLists = withCheckOptionLists;
 	node->returningLists = returningLists;
 	node->rowMarks = rowMarks;
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/planner.c b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/planner.c
index 1f78dc3d530..0ab768c6ee9 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/planner.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/planner.c
@@ -2042,6 +2042,7 @@ grouping_planner(PlannerInfo *root, double tuple_fraction,
 										parse->onConflict,
 										mergeActionLists,
 										mergeJoinConditions,
+										parse->forPortionOf,
 										assign_special_exec_param(root));
 		}
 
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/util/pathnode.c b/src/backend/optimizer/util/pathnode.c
index fc97bf6ee26..a4cc6e09620 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/util/pathnode.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/util/pathnode.c
@@ -3827,7 +3827,7 @@ create_modifytable_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
 						List *withCheckOptionLists, List *returningLists,
 						List *rowMarks, OnConflictExpr *onconflict,
 						List *mergeActionLists, List *mergeJoinConditions,
-						int epqParam)
+						ForPortionOfExpr *forPortionOf, int epqParam)
 {
 	ModifyTablePath *pathnode = makeNode(ModifyTablePath);
 
@@ -3894,6 +3894,7 @@ create_modifytable_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
 	pathnode->returningLists = returningLists;
 	pathnode->rowMarks = rowMarks;
 	pathnode->onconflict = onconflict;
+	pathnode->forPortionOf = forPortionOf;
 	pathnode->epqParam = epqParam;
 	pathnode->mergeActionLists = mergeActionLists;
 	pathnode->mergeJoinConditions = mergeJoinConditions;
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/analyze.c b/src/backend/parser/analyze.c
index 506e0631615..909ed5d7e2a 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/analyze.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/analyze.c
@@ -24,7 +24,10 @@
 
 #include "postgres.h"
 
+#include "access/gist.h"
+#include "access/stratnum.h"
 #include "access/sysattr.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_am.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_type.h"
 #include "commands/defrem.h"
@@ -47,10 +50,12 @@
 #include "parser/parse_relation.h"
 #include "parser/parse_target.h"
 #include "parser/parse_type.h"
+#include "parser/parser.h"
 #include "parser/parsetree.h"
 #include "utils/backend_status.h"
 #include "utils/builtins.h"
 #include "utils/guc.h"
+#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
 #include "utils/rel.h"
 #include "utils/syscache.h"
 
@@ -59,10 +64,16 @@
 post_parse_analyze_hook_type post_parse_analyze_hook = NULL;
 
 static Query *transformOptionalSelectInto(ParseState *pstate, Node *parseTree);
+static Node *addForPortionOfWhereConditions(Query *qry, ForPortionOfClause *forPortionOf,
+											Node *whereClause);
 static Query *transformDeleteStmt(ParseState *pstate, DeleteStmt *stmt);
 static Query *transformInsertStmt(ParseState *pstate, InsertStmt *stmt);
 static OnConflictExpr *transformOnConflictClause(ParseState *pstate,
 												 OnConflictClause *onConflictClause);
+static ForPortionOfExpr *transformForPortionOfClause(ParseState *pstate,
+													 int rtindex,
+													 ForPortionOfClause *forPortionOfClause,
+													 bool isUpdate);
 static int	count_rowexpr_columns(ParseState *pstate, Node *expr);
 static Query *transformSelectStmt(ParseState *pstate, SelectStmt *stmt);
 static Query *transformValuesClause(ParseState *pstate, SelectStmt *stmt);
@@ -567,6 +578,20 @@ stmt_requires_parse_analysis(RawStmt *parseTree)
 	return result;
 }
 
+static Node *
+addForPortionOfWhereConditions(Query *qry, ForPortionOfClause *forPortionOf, Node *whereClause)
+{
+	if (forPortionOf)
+	{
+		if (whereClause)
+			return (Node *) makeBoolExpr(AND_EXPR, list_make2(qry->forPortionOf->overlapsExpr, whereClause), -1);
+		else
+			return qry->forPortionOf->overlapsExpr;
+	}
+	else
+		return whereClause;
+}
+
 /*
  * analyze_requires_snapshot
  *		Returns true if a snapshot must be set before doing parse analysis
@@ -600,6 +625,7 @@ transformDeleteStmt(ParseState *pstate, DeleteStmt *stmt)
 {
 	Query	   *qry = makeNode(Query);
 	ParseNamespaceItem *nsitem;
+	Node	   *whereClause;
 	Node	   *qual;
 
 	qry->commandType = CMD_DELETE;
@@ -638,7 +664,11 @@ transformDeleteStmt(ParseState *pstate, DeleteStmt *stmt)
 	nsitem->p_lateral_only = false;
 	nsitem->p_lateral_ok = true;
 
-	qual = transformWhereClause(pstate, stmt->whereClause,
+	if (stmt->forPortionOf)
+		qry->forPortionOf = transformForPortionOfClause(pstate, qry->resultRelation, stmt->forPortionOf, false);
+
+	whereClause = addForPortionOfWhereConditions(qry, stmt->forPortionOf, stmt->whereClause);
+	qual = transformWhereClause(pstate, whereClause,
 								EXPR_KIND_WHERE, "WHERE");
 
 	qry->returningList = transformReturningList(pstate, stmt->returningList,
@@ -1274,7 +1304,7 @@ transformOnConflictClause(ParseState *pstate,
 		 * Now transform the UPDATE subexpressions.
 		 */
 		onConflictSet =
-			transformUpdateTargetList(pstate, onConflictClause->targetList);
+			transformUpdateTargetList(pstate, onConflictClause->targetList, NULL);
 
 		onConflictWhere = transformWhereClause(pstate,
 											   onConflictClause->whereClause,
@@ -1304,6 +1334,173 @@ transformOnConflictClause(ParseState *pstate,
 	return result;
 }
 
+/*
+ * transformForPortionOfClause
+ *
+ *	  Transforms a ForPortionOfClause in an UPDATE/DELETE statement.
+ *
+ *	  - Look up the range/period requested.
+ *	  - Build a compatible range value from the FROM and TO expressions.
+ *	  - Build an "overlaps" expression for filtering.
+ *	  - For UPDATEs, build an "intersects" expression the rewriter can add
+ *		to the targetList to change the temporal bounds.
+ */
+static ForPortionOfExpr *
+transformForPortionOfClause(ParseState *pstate,
+							int rtindex,
+							ForPortionOfClause *forPortionOf,
+							bool isUpdate)
+{
+	Relation targetrel = pstate->p_target_relation;
+	RTEPermissionInfo *target_perminfo = pstate->p_target_nsitem->p_perminfo;
+	char *range_name = forPortionOf->range_name;
+	char *range_type_namespace = NULL;
+	char *range_type_name = NULL;
+	int range_attno = InvalidAttrNumber;
+	Form_pg_attribute attr;
+	Oid	opclass;
+	Oid opfamily;
+	Oid opcintype;
+	Oid funcid = InvalidOid;
+	StrategyNumber strat;
+	Oid	opid;
+	ForPortionOfExpr *result;
+	Var *rangeVar;
+	Node *targetExpr;
+
+	/* We don't support FOR PORTION OF FDW queries. */
+	if (targetrel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_FOREIGN_TABLE)
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+				 errmsg("foreign tables don't support FOR PORTION OF")));
+
+	result = makeNode(ForPortionOfExpr);
+
+	/* Look up the FOR PORTION OF name requested. */
+	range_attno = attnameAttNum(targetrel, range_name, false);
+	if (range_attno == InvalidAttrNumber)
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_COLUMN),
+				 errmsg("column or period \"%s\" of relation \"%s\" does not exist",
+						range_name,
+						RelationGetRelationName(targetrel)),
+				 parser_errposition(pstate, forPortionOf->location)));
+	attr = TupleDescAttr(targetrel->rd_att, range_attno - 1);
+
+	rangeVar = makeVar(
+			rtindex,
+			range_attno,
+			attr->atttypid,
+			attr->atttypmod,
+			attr->attcollation,
+			0);
+	rangeVar->location = forPortionOf->location;
+	result->rangeVar = rangeVar;
+	result->rangeType = attr->atttypid;
+	if (!get_typname_and_namespace(attr->atttypid, &range_type_name, &range_type_namespace))
+		elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", attr->atttypid);
+
+
+	if (forPortionOf->target)
+		/*
+		 * We were already given an expression for the target,
+		 * so we don't have to build anything.
+		 */
+		targetExpr = forPortionOf->target;
+	else
+	{
+		/* Make sure it's a range column */
+		if (!type_is_range(attr->atttypid))
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_COLUMN_REFERENCE),
+					 errmsg("column \"%s\" of relation \"%s\" is not a range type",
+							range_name,
+							RelationGetRelationName(targetrel)),
+					 parser_errposition(pstate, forPortionOf->location)));
+
+		/*
+		 * Build a range from the FROM ... TO .... bounds.
+		 * This should give a constant result, so we accept functions like NOW()
+		 * but not column references, subqueries, etc.
+		 */
+		targetExpr = (Node *) makeFuncCall(
+				list_make2(makeString(range_type_namespace), makeString(range_type_name)),
+				list_make2(forPortionOf->target_start, forPortionOf->target_end),
+				COERCE_EXPLICIT_CALL,
+				forPortionOf->location);
+	}
+	result->targetRange = transformExpr(pstate, targetExpr, EXPR_KIND_UPDATE_PORTION);
+
+	/*
+	 * Build overlapsExpr to use in the whereClause.
+	 * This means we only hit rows matching the FROM & TO bounds.
+	 * We must look up the overlaps operator (usually "&&").
+	 */
+	opclass = GetDefaultOpClass(attr->atttypid, GIST_AM_OID);
+	strat = RTOverlapStrategyNumber;
+	GetOperatorFromWellKnownStrategy(opclass, InvalidOid, &opid, &strat);
+	result->overlapsExpr = (Node *) makeSimpleA_Expr(AEXPR_OP, get_opname(opid),
+			(Node *) copyObject(rangeVar), targetExpr,
+			forPortionOf->location);
+
+	/*
+	 * Look up the withoutPortionOper so we can compute the leftovers.
+	 * Leftovers will be old_range @- target_range
+	 * (one per element of the result).
+	 */
+	funcid = InvalidOid;
+	if (get_opclass_opfamily_and_input_type(opclass, &opfamily, &opcintype))
+		funcid = get_opfamily_proc(opfamily, opcintype, opcintype, GIST_WITHOUT_PORTION_PROC);
+
+	if (!OidIsValid(funcid))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
+				errmsg("could not identify a without_overlaps support function for type %s", format_type_be(opcintype)),
+				errhint("Define a without_overlaps support function for operator class \"%d\" for access method \"%s\".",
+					 opclass, "gist"));
+
+	result->withoutPortionProc = funcid;
+
+	if (isUpdate)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Now make sure we update the start/end time of the record.
+		 * For a range col (r) this is `r = r * targetRange`.
+		 */
+		List		   *funcArgs = NIL;
+		FuncExpr	   *rangeTLEExpr;
+		TargetEntry	   *tle;
+
+		funcid = get_opfamily_proc(opfamily, opcintype, opcintype, GIST_INTERSECT_PROC);
+		if (!OidIsValid(funcid))
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
+					errmsg("could not identify an intersect support function for type %s", format_type_be(opcintype)),
+					errhint("Define an intersect support function for operator class \"%d\" for access method \"%s\".",
+						 opclass, "gist"));
+
+		targetExpr = transformExpr(pstate, targetExpr, EXPR_KIND_UPDATE_PORTION);
+		funcArgs = lappend(funcArgs, copyObject(rangeVar));
+		funcArgs = lappend(funcArgs, targetExpr);
+		rangeTLEExpr = makeFuncExpr(funcid, attr->atttypid, funcArgs,
+									InvalidOid, InvalidOid, COERCE_EXPLICIT_CALL);
+
+		/* Make a TLE to set the range column */
+		result->rangeTargetList = NIL;
+		tle = makeTargetEntry((Expr *) rangeTLEExpr, range_attno, range_name, false);
+		result->rangeTargetList = lappend(result->rangeTargetList, tle);
+
+		/* Mark the range column as requiring update permissions */
+		target_perminfo->updatedCols = bms_add_member(target_perminfo->updatedCols,
+													  range_attno - FirstLowInvalidHeapAttributeNumber);
+	}
+	else
+		result->rangeTargetList = NIL;
+
+	result->range_name = range_name;
+
+	return result;
+}
 
 /*
  * BuildOnConflictExcludedTargetlist
@@ -2512,6 +2709,7 @@ transformUpdateStmt(ParseState *pstate, UpdateStmt *stmt)
 {
 	Query	   *qry = makeNode(Query);
 	ParseNamespaceItem *nsitem;
+	Node	   *whereClause;
 	Node	   *qual;
 
 	qry->commandType = CMD_UPDATE;
@@ -2529,6 +2727,10 @@ transformUpdateStmt(ParseState *pstate, UpdateStmt *stmt)
 										 stmt->relation->inh,
 										 true,
 										 ACL_UPDATE);
+
+	if (stmt->forPortionOf)
+		qry->forPortionOf = transformForPortionOfClause(pstate, qry->resultRelation, stmt->forPortionOf, true);
+
 	nsitem = pstate->p_target_nsitem;
 
 	/* subqueries in FROM cannot access the result relation */
@@ -2545,7 +2747,8 @@ transformUpdateStmt(ParseState *pstate, UpdateStmt *stmt)
 	nsitem->p_lateral_only = false;
 	nsitem->p_lateral_ok = true;
 
-	qual = transformWhereClause(pstate, stmt->whereClause,
+	whereClause = addForPortionOfWhereConditions(qry, stmt->forPortionOf, stmt->whereClause);
+	qual = transformWhereClause(pstate, whereClause,
 								EXPR_KIND_WHERE, "WHERE");
 
 	qry->returningList = transformReturningList(pstate, stmt->returningList,
@@ -2555,7 +2758,7 @@ transformUpdateStmt(ParseState *pstate, UpdateStmt *stmt)
 	 * Now we are done with SELECT-like processing, and can get on with
 	 * transforming the target list to match the UPDATE target columns.
 	 */
-	qry->targetList = transformUpdateTargetList(pstate, stmt->targetList);
+	qry->targetList = transformUpdateTargetList(pstate, stmt->targetList, qry->forPortionOf);
 
 	qry->rtable = pstate->p_rtable;
 	qry->rteperminfos = pstate->p_rteperminfos;
@@ -2574,7 +2777,7 @@ transformUpdateStmt(ParseState *pstate, UpdateStmt *stmt)
  *	handle SET clause in UPDATE/MERGE/INSERT ... ON CONFLICT UPDATE
  */
 List *
-transformUpdateTargetList(ParseState *pstate, List *origTlist)
+transformUpdateTargetList(ParseState *pstate, List *origTlist, ForPortionOfExpr *forPortionOf)
 {
 	List	   *tlist = NIL;
 	RTEPermissionInfo *target_perminfo;
@@ -2627,6 +2830,21 @@ transformUpdateTargetList(ParseState *pstate, List *origTlist)
 					 errhint("SET target columns cannot be qualified with the relation name.") : 0,
 					 parser_errposition(pstate, origTarget->location)));
 
+		/*
+		 * If this is a FOR PORTION OF update,
+		 * forbid directly setting the range column,
+		 * since that would conflict with the implicit updates.
+		 */
+		if (forPortionOf != NULL)
+		{
+			if (attrno == forPortionOf->rangeVar->varattno)
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
+						 errmsg("can't directly assign to \"%s\" in a FOR PORTION OF update",
+								origTarget->name),
+						 parser_errposition(pstate, origTarget->location)));
+		}
+
 		updateTargetListEntry(pstate, tle, origTarget->name,
 							  attrno,
 							  origTarget->indirection,
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y
index 67eb96396af..067868cc305 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y
+++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y
@@ -244,6 +244,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query);
 	RangeVar   *range;
 	IntoClause *into;
 	WithClause *with;
+	ForPortionOfClause *forportionof;
 	InferClause	*infer;
 	OnConflictClause *onconflict;
 	A_Indices  *aind;
@@ -540,6 +541,8 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query);
 %type <range>	relation_expr
 %type <range>	extended_relation_expr
 %type <range>	relation_expr_opt_alias
+%type <alias>	opt_alias
+%type <forportionof> for_portion_of_clause
 %type <node>	tablesample_clause opt_repeatable_clause
 %type <target>	target_el set_target insert_column_item
 
@@ -749,7 +752,7 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query);
 	OVER OVERLAPS OVERLAY OVERRIDING OWNED OWNER
 
 	PARALLEL PARAMETER PARSER PARTIAL PARTITION PASSING PASSWORD PATH
-	PERIOD PLACING PLAN PLANS POLICY
+	PERIOD PLACING PLAN PLANS POLICY PORTION
 	POSITION PRECEDING PRECISION PRESERVE PREPARE PREPARED PRIMARY
 	PRIOR PRIVILEGES PROCEDURAL PROCEDURE PROCEDURES PROGRAM PUBLICATION
 
@@ -868,12 +871,15 @@ static Node *makeRecursiveViewSelect(char *relname, List *aliases, Node *query);
  * json_predicate_type_constraint and json_key_uniqueness_constraint_opt
  * productions (see comments there).
  *
+ * TO is assigned the same precedence as IDENT, to support the opt_interval
+ * production (see comment there).
+ *
  * Like the UNBOUNDED PRECEDING/FOLLOWING case, NESTED is assigned a lower
  * precedence than PATH to fix ambiguity in the json_table production.
  */
 %nonassoc	UNBOUNDED NESTED /* ideally would have same precedence as IDENT */
 %nonassoc	IDENT PARTITION RANGE ROWS GROUPS PRECEDING FOLLOWING CUBE ROLLUP
-			SET KEYS OBJECT_P SCALAR VALUE_P WITH WITHOUT PATH
+			SET KEYS OBJECT_P SCALAR TO USING VALUE_P WITH WITHOUT PATH
 %left		Op OPERATOR		/* multi-character ops and user-defined operators */
 %left		'+' '-'
 %left		'*' '/' '%'
@@ -12336,6 +12342,20 @@ DeleteStmt: opt_with_clause DELETE_P FROM relation_expr_opt_alias
 					n->stmt_location = @$;
 					$$ = (Node *) n;
 				}
+			| opt_with_clause DELETE_P FROM relation_expr for_portion_of_clause opt_alias
+			using_clause where_or_current_clause returning_clause
+				{
+					DeleteStmt *n = makeNode(DeleteStmt);
+
+					n->relation = $4;
+					n->forPortionOf = $5;
+					n->relation->alias = $6;
+					n->usingClause = $7;
+					n->whereClause = $8;
+					n->returningList = $9;
+					n->withClause = $1;
+					$$ = (Node *) n;
+				}
 		;
 
 using_clause:
@@ -12411,6 +12431,25 @@ UpdateStmt: opt_with_clause UPDATE relation_expr_opt_alias
 					n->stmt_location = @$;
 					$$ = (Node *) n;
 				}
+			| opt_with_clause UPDATE relation_expr
+			for_portion_of_clause opt_alias
+			SET set_clause_list
+			from_clause
+			where_or_current_clause
+			returning_clause
+				{
+					UpdateStmt *n = makeNode(UpdateStmt);
+
+					n->relation = $3;
+					n->forPortionOf = $4;
+					n->relation->alias = $5;
+					n->targetList = $7;
+					n->fromClause = $8;
+					n->whereClause = $9;
+					n->returningList = $10;
+					n->withClause = $1;
+					$$ = (Node *) n;
+				}
 		;
 
 set_clause_list:
@@ -13914,6 +13953,44 @@ relation_expr_opt_alias: relation_expr					%prec UMINUS
 				}
 		;
 
+opt_alias:
+			AS ColId
+				{
+					Alias	   *alias = makeNode(Alias);
+
+					alias->aliasname = $2;
+					$$ = alias;
+				}
+			| BareColLabel
+				{
+					Alias	   *alias = makeNode(Alias);
+
+					alias->aliasname = $1;
+					$$ = alias;
+				}
+			| /* empty */ %prec UMINUS { $$ = NULL; }
+		;
+
+for_portion_of_clause:
+			FOR PORTION OF ColId '(' a_expr ')'
+				{
+					ForPortionOfClause *n = makeNode(ForPortionOfClause);
+					n->range_name = $4;
+					n->location = @4;
+					n->target = $6;
+					$$ = n;
+				}
+			| FOR PORTION OF ColId FROM a_expr TO a_expr
+				{
+					ForPortionOfClause *n = makeNode(ForPortionOfClause);
+					n->range_name = $4;
+					n->location = @4;
+					n->target_start = $6;
+					n->target_end = $8;
+					$$ = n;
+				}
+		;
+
 /*
  * TABLESAMPLE decoration in a FROM item
  */
@@ -14747,16 +14824,25 @@ opt_timezone:
 			| /*EMPTY*/								{ $$ = false; }
 		;
 
+/*
+ * We need to handle this shift/reduce conflict:
+ * FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM t + INTERVAL '1' YEAR TO MONTH.
+ * We don't see far enough ahead to know if there is another TO coming.
+ * We prefer to interpret this as FROM (t + INTERVAL '1' YEAR TO MONTH),
+ * i.e. to shift.
+ * That gives the user the option of adding parentheses to get the other meaning.
+ * If we reduced, intervals could never have a TO.
+ */
 opt_interval:
-			YEAR_P
+			YEAR_P																%prec IS
 				{ $$ = list_make1(makeIntConst(INTERVAL_MASK(YEAR), @1)); }
 			| MONTH_P
 				{ $$ = list_make1(makeIntConst(INTERVAL_MASK(MONTH), @1)); }
-			| DAY_P
+			| DAY_P																%prec IS
 				{ $$ = list_make1(makeIntConst(INTERVAL_MASK(DAY), @1)); }
-			| HOUR_P
+			| HOUR_P															%prec IS
 				{ $$ = list_make1(makeIntConst(INTERVAL_MASK(HOUR), @1)); }
-			| MINUTE_P
+			| MINUTE_P														%prec IS
 				{ $$ = list_make1(makeIntConst(INTERVAL_MASK(MINUTE), @1)); }
 			| interval_second
 				{ $$ = $1; }
@@ -17809,6 +17895,7 @@ unreserved_keyword:
 			| PLAN
 			| PLANS
 			| POLICY
+			| PORTION
 			| PRECEDING
 			| PREPARE
 			| PREPARED
@@ -18434,6 +18521,7 @@ bare_label_keyword:
 			| PLAN
 			| PLANS
 			| POLICY
+			| PORTION
 			| POSITION
 			| PRECEDING
 			| PREPARE
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_agg.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_agg.c
index efa730c1676..53985f74df5 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/parse_agg.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_agg.c
@@ -579,6 +579,13 @@ check_agglevels_and_constraints(ParseState *pstate, Node *expr)
 		case EXPR_KIND_CYCLE_MARK:
 			errkind = true;
 			break;
+		case EXPR_KIND_UPDATE_PORTION:
+			if (isAgg)
+				err = _("aggregate functions are not allowed in FOR PORTION OF expressions");
+			else
+				err = _("grouping operations are not allowed in FOR PORTION OF expressions");
+
+			break;
 
 			/*
 			 * There is intentionally no default: case here, so that the
@@ -970,6 +977,9 @@ transformWindowFuncCall(ParseState *pstate, WindowFunc *wfunc,
 		case EXPR_KIND_CYCLE_MARK:
 			errkind = true;
 			break;
+		case EXPR_KIND_UPDATE_PORTION:
+			err = _("window functions are not allowed in FOR PORTION OF expressions");
+			break;
 
 			/*
 			 * There is intentionally no default: case here, so that the
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_collate.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_collate.c
index 44529bb49e6..14ffb7ba649 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/parse_collate.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_collate.c
@@ -484,6 +484,7 @@ assign_collations_walker(Node *node, assign_collations_context *context)
 		case T_JoinExpr:
 		case T_FromExpr:
 		case T_OnConflictExpr:
+		case T_ForPortionOfExpr:
 		case T_SortGroupClause:
 		case T_MergeAction:
 			(void) expression_tree_walker(node,
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_expr.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_expr.c
index c2806297aa4..8ae51017d43 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/parse_expr.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_expr.c
@@ -584,6 +584,9 @@ transformColumnRef(ParseState *pstate, ColumnRef *cref)
 		case EXPR_KIND_PARTITION_BOUND:
 			err = _("cannot use column reference in partition bound expression");
 			break;
+		case EXPR_KIND_UPDATE_PORTION:
+			err = _("cannot use column reference in FOR PORTION OF expression");
+			break;
 
 			/*
 			 * There is intentionally no default: case here, so that the
@@ -1858,6 +1861,9 @@ transformSubLink(ParseState *pstate, SubLink *sublink)
 		case EXPR_KIND_GENERATED_COLUMN:
 			err = _("cannot use subquery in column generation expression");
 			break;
+		case EXPR_KIND_UPDATE_PORTION:
+			err = _("cannot use subquery in FOR PORTION OF expression");
+			break;
 
 			/*
 			 * There is intentionally no default: case here, so that the
@@ -3151,6 +3157,8 @@ ParseExprKindName(ParseExprKind exprKind)
 			return "UPDATE";
 		case EXPR_KIND_MERGE_WHEN:
 			return "MERGE WHEN";
+		case EXPR_KIND_UPDATE_PORTION:
+			return "FOR PORTION OF";
 		case EXPR_KIND_GROUP_BY:
 			return "GROUP BY";
 		case EXPR_KIND_ORDER_BY:
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_func.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_func.c
index 9b23344a3b1..99921d713be 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/parse_func.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_func.c
@@ -2658,6 +2658,9 @@ check_srf_call_placement(ParseState *pstate, Node *last_srf, int location)
 		case EXPR_KIND_CYCLE_MARK:
 			errkind = true;
 			break;
+		case EXPR_KIND_UPDATE_PORTION:
+			err = _("set-returning functions are not allowed in FOR PORTION OF expressions");
+			break;
 
 			/*
 			 * There is intentionally no default: case here, so that the
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_merge.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_merge.c
index 87df79027d7..56f676a1f1f 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/parse_merge.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_merge.c
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ transformMergeStmt(ParseState *pstate, MergeStmt *stmt)
 					pstate->p_is_insert = false;
 					action->targetList =
 						transformUpdateTargetList(pstate,
-												  mergeWhenClause->targetList);
+												  mergeWhenClause->targetList, NULL);
 				}
 				break;
 			case CMD_DELETE:
diff --git a/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c b/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c
index 063afd4933e..848c09d8182 100644
--- a/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c
+++ b/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteHandler.c
@@ -3739,6 +3739,30 @@ rewriteTargetView(Query *parsetree, Relation view)
 									  &parsetree->hasSubLinks);
 	}
 
+	if (parsetree->forPortionOf && parsetree->commandType == CMD_UPDATE)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * Like the INSERT/UPDATE code above, update the resnos in the
+		 * auxiliary UPDATE targetlist to refer to columns of the base
+		 * relation.
+		 */
+		foreach(lc, parsetree->forPortionOf->rangeTargetList)
+		{
+			TargetEntry *tle = (TargetEntry *) lfirst(lc);
+			TargetEntry *view_tle;
+
+			if (tle->resjunk)
+				continue;
+
+			view_tle = get_tle_by_resno(view_targetlist, tle->resno);
+			if (view_tle != NULL && !view_tle->resjunk && IsA(view_tle->expr, Var))
+				tle->resno = ((Var *) view_tle->expr)->varattno;
+			else
+				elog(ERROR, "attribute number %d not found in view targetlist",
+					 tle->resno);
+		}
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * For UPDATE/DELETE/MERGE, pull up any WHERE quals from the view.  We
 	 * know that any Vars in the quals must reference the one base relation,
@@ -4078,6 +4102,22 @@ RewriteQuery(Query *parsetree, List *rewrite_events, int orig_rt_length)
 		else if (event == CMD_UPDATE)
 		{
 			Assert(parsetree->override == OVERRIDING_NOT_SET);
+			/*
+			 * Update FOR PORTION OF column(s) automatically. Don't
+			 * do this until we're done rewriting a view update, so
+			 * that we don't add the same update on the recursion.
+			 */
+			if (parsetree->forPortionOf &&
+				rt_entry_relation->rd_rel->relkind != RELKIND_VIEW)
+			{
+				ListCell *tl;
+				foreach(tl, parsetree->forPortionOf->rangeTargetList)
+				{
+					TargetEntry *tle = (TargetEntry *) lfirst(tl);
+					parsetree->targetList = lappend(parsetree->targetList, tle);
+				}
+			}
+
 			parsetree->targetList =
 				rewriteTargetListIU(parsetree->targetList,
 									parsetree->commandType,
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c
index 002bd02582a..5c7739a3f2b 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c
@@ -129,7 +129,8 @@ typedef struct RI_ConstraintInfo
 	Oid			ff_eq_oprs[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS]; /* equality operators (FK = FK) */
 	Oid			period_contained_by_oper;	/* anyrange <@ anyrange */
 	Oid			agged_period_contained_by_oper; /* fkattr <@ range_agg(pkattr) */
-	Oid			period_intersect_oper;	/* anyrange * anyrange */
+	Oid			period_intersect_oper;	/* anyrange * anyrange (or multirange) */
+	Oid			period_intersect_proc;	/* anyrange * anyrange (or multirange) */
 	Oid			without_portion_proc;	/* anyrange - anyrange SRF */
 	dlist_node	valid_link;		/* Link in list of valid entries */
 } RI_ConstraintInfo;
@@ -239,6 +240,11 @@ static void ri_ReportViolation(const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo,
 							   Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel,
 							   TupleTableSlot *violatorslot, TupleDesc tupdesc,
 							   int queryno, bool partgone) pg_attribute_noreturn();
+static bool fpo_targets_pk_range(const ForPortionOfState *tg_temporal,
+								 const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo);
+static Datum restrict_enforced_range(const ForPortionOfState *tg_temporal,
+									 const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo,
+									 TupleTableSlot *oldslot);
 
 
 /*
@@ -940,11 +946,34 @@ ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action)
 	 *
 	 * For a DELETE, oldslot.pkperiod was lost,
 	 * which is what we check for by default.
+	 *
+	 * In an UPDATE t FOR PORTION OF, if the scalar key part changed,
+	 * then only newslot.pkperiod was lost. Otherwise nothing was lost.
+	 *
+	 * In a DELETE FROM t FOR PORTION OF, only newslot.pkperiod was lost.
+	 * But there is no newslot, so we have to calculate the intersection
+	 * of oldslot.pkperiod and the range targeted by FOR PORTION OF.
 	 */
 	if (riinfo->hasperiod && !is_no_action)
 	{
-		if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_UPDATE(trigdata->tg_event)
-			&& ri_KeysEqual(pk_rel, oldslot, newslot, riinfo, true, true))
+		/* Don't treat leftovers of FOR PORTION OF as lost */
+		if (trigdata->tg_temporal)
+		{
+			bool	isnull;
+			targetRangeParam = riinfo->nkeys;
+			if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_UPDATE(trigdata->tg_event))
+			{
+				if (!ri_KeysEqual(pk_rel, oldslot, newslot, riinfo, true, true))
+					targetRange = slot_getattr(newslot, pkperiodattno, &isnull);
+				else
+					/* nothing to do */
+					finished = true;
+			}
+			else
+				targetRange = restrict_enforced_range(trigdata->tg_temporal, riinfo, oldslot);
+		}
+		else if (TRIGGER_FIRED_BY_UPDATE(trigdata->tg_event)
+				 && ri_KeysEqual(pk_rel, oldslot, newslot, riinfo, true, true))
 		{
 			multiplelost = true;
 
@@ -2446,6 +2475,7 @@ ri_LoadConstraintInfo(Oid constraintOid)
 								  &riinfo->period_contained_by_oper,
 								  &riinfo->agged_period_contained_by_oper,
 								  &riinfo->period_intersect_oper,
+								  &riinfo->period_intersect_proc,
 								  &riinfo->without_portion_proc);
 	}
 
@@ -3331,3 +3361,50 @@ RI_FKey_trigger_type(Oid tgfoid)
 
 	return RI_TRIGGER_NONE;
 }
+
+/*
+ * fpo_targets_pk_range
+ *
+ * Returns true iff the primary key referenced by riinfo includes the range
+ * column targeted by the FOR PORTION OF clause (according to tg_temporal).
+ */
+static bool
+fpo_targets_pk_range(const ForPortionOfState *tg_temporal, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo)
+{
+	if (tg_temporal == NULL)
+		return false;
+
+	return riinfo->pk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1] == tg_temporal->fp_rangeAttno;
+}
+
+/*
+ * restrict_enforced_range -
+ *
+ * Returns a Datum of RangeTypeP holding the appropriate timespan
+ * to target child records when we RESTRICT/CASCADE/SET NULL/SET DEFAULT.
+ *
+ * In a normal UPDATE/DELETE this should be the parent's own valid time,
+ * but if there was a FOR PORTION OF clause, then we should use that to
+ * trim down the parent's span further.
+ */
+static Datum
+restrict_enforced_range(const ForPortionOfState *tg_temporal, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, TupleTableSlot *oldslot)
+{
+	Datum		pkRecordRange;
+	bool		isnull;
+	AttrNumber	attno = riinfo->pk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1];
+
+	pkRecordRange = slot_getattr(oldslot, attno, &isnull);
+	if (isnull)
+		elog(ERROR, "application time should not be null");
+
+	if (fpo_targets_pk_range(tg_temporal, riinfo))
+	{
+		if (!OidIsValid(riinfo->period_intersect_proc))
+			elog(ERROR, "invalid intersect support function");
+
+		return OidFunctionCall2(riinfo->period_intersect_proc, pkRecordRange, tg_temporal->fp_targetRange);
+	}
+	else
+		return pkRecordRange;
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c
index a85dc0d891f..2b7f6734719 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c
@@ -2188,6 +2188,33 @@ get_typisdefined(Oid typid)
 		return false;
 }
 
+/*
+ * get_typname_and_namespace
+ *
+ *	  Returns the name and namespace of a given type
+ *
+ * Returns true if one found, or false if not.
+ */
+bool
+get_typname_and_namespace(Oid typid, char **typname, char **typnamespace)
+{
+	HeapTuple	tp;
+
+	tp = SearchSysCache1(TYPEOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(typid));
+	if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
+	{
+		Form_pg_type typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
+
+		*typname = pstrdup(NameStr(typtup->typname));
+		*typnamespace = get_namespace_name(typtup->typnamespace);
+		ReleaseSysCache(tp);
+		/* *typnamespace is NULL if it wasn't found: */
+		return *typnamespace;
+	}
+	else
+		return false;
+}
+
 /*
  * get_typlen
  *
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h
index 5f25c5a0065..d7dcb7ec655 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h
@@ -290,6 +290,7 @@ extern void FindFKPeriodOpersAndProcs(Oid opclass,
 									  Oid *containedbyoperoid,
 									  Oid *aggedcontainedbyoperoid,
 									  Oid *intersectoperoid,
+									  Oid *intersectprocoid,
 									  Oid *withoutportionoid);
 
 extern bool check_functional_grouping(Oid relid,
diff --git a/src/include/commands/trigger.h b/src/include/commands/trigger.h
index 8a5a9fe6422..3d156483325 100644
--- a/src/include/commands/trigger.h
+++ b/src/include/commands/trigger.h
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ typedef struct TriggerData
 	Tuplestorestate *tg_oldtable;
 	Tuplestorestate *tg_newtable;
 	const Bitmapset *tg_updatedcols;
+	ForPortionOfState *tg_temporal;
 } TriggerData;
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/execnodes.h b/src/include/nodes/execnodes.h
index 182a6956bb0..1ed5276b7d8 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/execnodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/execnodes.h
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 #include "utils/sortsupport.h"
 #include "utils/tuplesort.h"
 #include "utils/tuplestore.h"
+#include "utils/typcache.h"
 
 struct PlanState;				/* forward references in this file */
 struct ParallelHashJoinState;
@@ -431,6 +432,26 @@ typedef struct MergeActionState
 	ExprState  *mas_whenqual;	/* WHEN [NOT] MATCHED AND conditions */
 } MergeActionState;
 
+/*
+ * ForPortionOfState
+ *
+ * Executor state of a FOR PORTION OF operation.
+ */
+typedef struct ForPortionOfState
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+
+	char   *fp_rangeName;		/* the column named in FOR PORTION OF */
+	Oid		fp_rangeType;		/* the type of the FOR PORTION OF expression */
+	int		fp_rangeAttno;		/* the attno of the range column */
+	Datum	fp_targetRange;		/* the range/multirange/etc from FOR PORTION OF */
+	TypeCacheEntry *fp_leftoverstypcache;	/* type cache entry of the range */
+	TupleTableSlot *fp_Existing;		/* slot to store old tuple */
+	TupleTableSlot *fp_Leftover;		/* slot to store leftover */
+	Datum  *fp_values;	/* SPI input for leftover values */
+	char   *fp_nulls;	/* SPI input for nulls */
+} ForPortionOfState;
+
 /*
  * ResultRelInfo
  *
@@ -558,6 +579,9 @@ typedef struct ResultRelInfo
 	/* for MERGE, expr state for checking the join condition */
 	ExprState  *ri_MergeJoinCondition;
 
+	/* FOR PORTION OF evaluation state */
+	ForPortionOfState *ri_forPortionOf;
+
 	/* partition check expression state (NULL if not set up yet) */
 	ExprState  *ri_PartitionCheckExpr;
 
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
index 0f9462493e3..7ca0248b82d 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
@@ -142,6 +142,9 @@ typedef struct Query
 	 */
 	int			resultRelation pg_node_attr(query_jumble_ignore);
 
+	/* FOR PORTION OF clause for UPDATE/DELETE */
+	ForPortionOfExpr *forPortionOf;
+
 	/* has aggregates in tlist or havingQual */
 	bool		hasAggs pg_node_attr(query_jumble_ignore);
 	/* has window functions in tlist */
@@ -1582,6 +1585,21 @@ typedef struct RowMarkClause
 	bool		pushedDown;		/* pushed down from higher query level? */
 } RowMarkClause;
 
+/*
+ * ForPortionOfClause
+ *		representation of FOR PORTION OF <period-name> FROM <ts> TO <te>
+ *		or FOR PORTION OF <period-name> (<target>)
+ */
+typedef struct ForPortionOfClause
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	char	   *range_name;
+	int			location;
+	Node	   *target;
+	Node	   *target_start;
+	Node	   *target_end;
+} ForPortionOfClause;
+
 /*
  * WithClause -
  *	   representation of WITH clause
@@ -2064,6 +2082,7 @@ typedef struct DeleteStmt
 	WithClause *withClause;		/* WITH clause */
 	ParseLoc	stmt_location;	/* start location, or -1 if unknown */
 	ParseLoc	stmt_len;		/* length in bytes; 0 means "rest of string" */
+	ForPortionOfClause *forPortionOf;	/* FOR PORTION OF clause */
 } DeleteStmt;
 
 /* ----------------------
@@ -2081,6 +2100,7 @@ typedef struct UpdateStmt
 	WithClause *withClause;		/* WITH clause */
 	ParseLoc	stmt_location;	/* start location, or -1 if unknown */
 	ParseLoc	stmt_len;		/* length in bytes; 0 means "rest of string" */
+	ForPortionOfClause *forPortionOf;	/* FOR PORTION OF clause */
 } UpdateStmt;
 
 /* ----------------------
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/pathnodes.h b/src/include/nodes/pathnodes.h
index add0f9e45fc..24497ca1d8c 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/pathnodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/pathnodes.h
@@ -2395,6 +2395,7 @@ typedef struct ModifyTablePath
 	List	   *returningLists; /* per-target-table RETURNING tlists */
 	List	   *rowMarks;		/* PlanRowMarks (non-locking only) */
 	OnConflictExpr *onconflict; /* ON CONFLICT clause, or NULL */
+	ForPortionOfExpr *forPortionOf;	/* FOR PORTION OF clause for UPDATE/DELETE */
 	int			epqParam;		/* ID of Param for EvalPlanQual re-eval */
 	List	   *mergeActionLists;	/* per-target-table lists of actions for
 									 * MERGE */
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h b/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
index 52f29bcdb69..73f3171cddb 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
@@ -244,6 +244,7 @@ typedef struct ModifyTable
 	List	   *rowMarks;		/* PlanRowMarks (non-locking only) */
 	int			epqParam;		/* ID of Param for EvalPlanQual re-eval */
 	OnConflictAction onConflictAction;	/* ON CONFLICT action */
+	Node	   *forPortionOf;	/* FOR PORTION OF clause for UPDATE/DELETE */
 	List	   *arbiterIndexes; /* List of ON CONFLICT arbiter index OIDs  */
 	List	   *onConflictSet;	/* INSERT ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE targetlist */
 	List	   *onConflictCols; /* target column numbers for onConflictSet */
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/primnodes.h b/src/include/nodes/primnodes.h
index b0ef1952e8f..8392018a821 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/primnodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/primnodes.h
@@ -2336,4 +2336,30 @@ typedef struct OnConflictExpr
 	List	   *exclRelTlist;	/* tlist of the EXCLUDED pseudo relation */
 } OnConflictExpr;
 
+/*----------
+ * ForPortionOfExpr - represents a FOR PORTION OF ... expression
+ *
+ * We set up an expression to make a range from the FROM/TO bounds,
+ * so that we can use range operators with it.
+ *
+ * Then we set up an overlaps expression between that and the range column,
+ * so that we can find the rows we need to update/delete.
+ *
+ * In the executor we'll also build an intersect expression between the
+ * targeted range and the range column, so that we can update the start/end
+ * bounds of the UPDATE'd record.
+ *----------
+ */
+typedef struct ForPortionOfExpr
+{
+	NodeTag		type;
+	Var		   *rangeVar;			/* Range column */
+	char	   *range_name;			/* Range name */
+	Node	   *targetRange;		/* FOR PORTION OF bounds as a range */
+	Oid			rangeType;			/* type of targetRange */
+	Node	   *overlapsExpr;		/* range && targetRange */
+	List	   *rangeTargetList;	/* List of TargetEntrys to set the time column(s) */
+	Oid			withoutPortionProc;	/* proc for old_range @- target_range */
+} ForPortionOfExpr;
+
 #endif							/* PRIMNODES_H */
diff --git a/src/include/optimizer/pathnode.h b/src/include/optimizer/pathnode.h
index 1035e6560c1..b594cccab92 100644
--- a/src/include/optimizer/pathnode.h
+++ b/src/include/optimizer/pathnode.h
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ extern ModifyTablePath *create_modifytable_path(PlannerInfo *root,
 												List *withCheckOptionLists, List *returningLists,
 												List *rowMarks, OnConflictExpr *onconflict,
 												List *mergeActionLists, List *mergeJoinConditions,
-												int epqParam);
+												ForPortionOfExpr *forPortionOf, int epqParam);
 extern LimitPath *create_limit_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel,
 									Path *subpath,
 									Node *limitOffset, Node *limitCount,
diff --git a/src/include/parser/analyze.h b/src/include/parser/analyze.h
index 28b66fccb43..6c70dae1452 100644
--- a/src/include/parser/analyze.h
+++ b/src/include/parser/analyze.h
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ extern List *transformInsertRow(ParseState *pstate, List *exprlist,
 								List *stmtcols, List *icolumns, List *attrnos,
 								bool strip_indirection);
 extern List *transformUpdateTargetList(ParseState *pstate,
-									   List *origTlist);
+									   List *origTlist,
+									   ForPortionOfExpr *forPortionOf);
 extern List *transformReturningList(ParseState *pstate, List *returningList,
 									ParseExprKind exprKind);
 extern Query *transformTopLevelStmt(ParseState *pstate, RawStmt *parseTree);
diff --git a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h
index 899d64ad55f..425987afee7 100644
--- a/src/include/parser/kwlist.h
+++ b/src/include/parser/kwlist.h
@@ -343,6 +343,7 @@ PG_KEYWORD("placing", PLACING, RESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
 PG_KEYWORD("plan", PLAN, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
 PG_KEYWORD("plans", PLANS, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
 PG_KEYWORD("policy", POLICY, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
+PG_KEYWORD("portion", PORTION, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
 PG_KEYWORD("position", POSITION, COL_NAME_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
 PG_KEYWORD("preceding", PRECEDING, UNRESERVED_KEYWORD, BARE_LABEL)
 PG_KEYWORD("precision", PRECISION, COL_NAME_KEYWORD, AS_LABEL)
diff --git a/src/include/parser/parse_node.h b/src/include/parser/parse_node.h
index 2375e95c107..85a4a909e7f 100644
--- a/src/include/parser/parse_node.h
+++ b/src/include/parser/parse_node.h
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ typedef enum ParseExprKind
 	EXPR_KIND_UPDATE_SOURCE,	/* UPDATE assignment source item */
 	EXPR_KIND_UPDATE_TARGET,	/* UPDATE assignment target item */
 	EXPR_KIND_MERGE_WHEN,		/* MERGE WHEN [NOT] MATCHED condition */
+	EXPR_KIND_UPDATE_PORTION,	/* UPDATE FOR PORTION OF item */
 	EXPR_KIND_GROUP_BY,			/* GROUP BY */
 	EXPR_KIND_ORDER_BY,			/* ORDER BY */
 	EXPR_KIND_DISTINCT_ON,		/* DISTINCT ON */
diff --git a/src/include/utils/lsyscache.h b/src/include/utils/lsyscache.h
index 20446f6f836..f7a16d3a8b6 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/lsyscache.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/lsyscache.h
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ extern Oid	get_rel_relam(Oid relid);
 extern Oid	get_transform_fromsql(Oid typid, Oid langid, List *trftypes);
 extern Oid	get_transform_tosql(Oid typid, Oid langid, List *trftypes);
 extern bool get_typisdefined(Oid typid);
+extern bool get_typname_and_namespace(Oid typid, char **typname, char **typnamespace);
 extern int16 get_typlen(Oid typid);
 extern bool get_typbyval(Oid typid);
 extern void get_typlenbyval(Oid typid, int16 *typlen, bool *typbyval);
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/for_portion_of.out b/src/test/regress/expected/for_portion_of.out
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..19a4e9ac523
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/for_portion_of.out
@@ -0,0 +1,764 @@
+-- Tests for UPDATE/DELETE FOR PORTION OF
+SET datestyle TO ISO, YMD;
+-- Works on non-PK columns
+CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at daterange,
+  name text NOT NULL
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test VALUES
+('[1,2)', '[2018-01-02,2020-01-01)', 'one');
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-15' TO '2019-01-01'
+SET name = 'one^1';
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-15' TO '2019-01-20';
+-- With a table alias with AS
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-02-01' TO '2019-02-03' AS t
+SET name = 'one^2';
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-02-03' TO '2019-02-04' AS t;
+-- With a table alias without AS
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-02-04' TO '2019-02-05' t
+SET name = 'one^3';
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-02-05' TO '2019-02-06' t;
+-- UPDATE with FROM
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-03-01' to '2019-03-02'
+SET name = 'one^4'
+FROM (SELECT '[1,2)'::int4range) AS t2(id)
+WHERE for_portion_of_test.id = t2.id;
+-- DELETE with USING
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-03-02' TO '2019-03-03'
+USING (SELECT '[1,2)'::int4range) AS t2(id)
+WHERE for_portion_of_test.id = t2.id;
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         | name  
+-------+-------------------------+-------
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-02,2018-01-15) | one
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-15,2019-01-01) | one^1
+ [1,2) | [2019-01-01,2019-01-15) | one
+ [1,2) | [2019-01-20,2019-02-01) | one
+ [1,2) | [2019-02-01,2019-02-03) | one^2
+ [1,2) | [2019-02-04,2019-02-05) | one^3
+ [1,2) | [2019-02-06,2019-03-01) | one
+ [1,2) | [2019-03-01,2019-03-02) | one^4
+ [1,2) | [2019-03-03,2020-01-01) | one
+(9 rows)
+
+-- Works on more than one range
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test;
+CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test (
+  id int4range,
+  valid1_at daterange,
+  valid2_at daterange,
+  name text NOT NULL
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test VALUES
+('[1,2)', '[2018-01-02,2018-02-03)', '[2015-01-01,2025-01-01)', 'one');
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid1_at FROM '2018-01-15' TO NULL
+SET name = 'foo';
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid1_at, valid2_at;
+  id   |        valid1_at        |        valid2_at        | name 
+-------+-------------------------+-------------------------+------
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-02,2018-01-15) | [2015-01-01,2025-01-01) | one
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-15,2018-02-03) | [2015-01-01,2025-01-01) | foo
+(2 rows)
+
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid2_at FROM '2018-01-15' TO NULL
+SET name = 'bar';
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid1_at, valid2_at;
+  id   |        valid1_at        |        valid2_at        | name 
+-------+-------------------------+-------------------------+------
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-02,2018-01-15) | [2015-01-01,2018-01-15) | one
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-02,2018-01-15) | [2018-01-15,2025-01-01) | bar
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-15,2018-02-03) | [2015-01-01,2018-01-15) | foo
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-15,2018-02-03) | [2018-01-15,2025-01-01) | bar
+(4 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid1_at FROM '2018-01-20' TO NULL;
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid1_at, valid2_at;
+  id   |        valid1_at        |        valid2_at        | name 
+-------+-------------------------+-------------------------+------
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-02,2018-01-15) | [2015-01-01,2018-01-15) | one
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-02,2018-01-15) | [2018-01-15,2025-01-01) | bar
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-15,2018-01-20) | [2015-01-01,2018-01-15) | foo
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-15,2018-01-20) | [2018-01-15,2025-01-01) | bar
+(4 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid2_at FROM '2018-01-20' TO NULL;
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid1_at, valid2_at;
+  id   |        valid1_at        |        valid2_at        | name 
+-------+-------------------------+-------------------------+------
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-02,2018-01-15) | [2015-01-01,2018-01-15) | one
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-02,2018-01-15) | [2018-01-15,2018-01-20) | bar
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-15,2018-01-20) | [2015-01-01,2018-01-15) | foo
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-15,2018-01-20) | [2018-01-15,2018-01-20) | bar
+(4 rows)
+
+-- Test with NULLs in the scalar/range key columns.
+-- This won't happen if there is a PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE constraint
+-- but FOR PORTION OF shouldn't require that.
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test;
+CREATE UNLOGGED TABLE for_portion_of_test (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at daterange,
+  name text
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', NULL, '1 null'),
+  ('[1,2)', '(,)', '1 unbounded'),
+  ('[1,2)', 'empty', '1 empty'),
+  (NULL, NULL, NULL),
+  (NULL, daterange('2018-01-01', '2019-01-01'), 'null key');
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO NULL
+  SET name = 'NULL to NULL';
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         |     name     
+-------+-------------------------+--------------
+ [1,2) | empty                   | 1 empty
+ [1,2) | (,)                     | NULL to NULL
+ [1,2) |                         | 1 null
+       | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | NULL to NULL
+       |                         | 
+(5 rows)
+
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test;
+CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test (
+  id int4range NOT NULL,
+  valid_at daterange NOT NULL,
+  name text NOT NULL,
+  CONSTRAINT for_portion_of_pk PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test
+VALUES
+('[1,2)', '[2018-01-02,2018-02-03)', 'one'),
+('[1,2)', '[2018-02-03,2018-03-03)', 'one'),
+('[1,2)', '[2018-03-03,2018-04-04)', 'one'),
+('[2,3)', '[2018-01-01,2018-01-05)', 'two'),
+('[3,4)', '[2018-01-01,)', 'three'),
+('[4,5)', '(,2018-04-01)', 'four'),
+('[5,6)', '(,)', 'five')
+;
+--
+-- UPDATE tests
+--
+-- Setting with a missing column fails
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF invalid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO NULL
+SET name = 'foo'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ERROR:  column or period "invalid_at" of relation "for_portion_of_test" does not exist
+LINE 2: FOR PORTION OF invalid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO NULL
+                       ^
+-- Setting the range fails
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO NULL
+SET valid_at = '[1990-01-01,1999-01-01)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ERROR:  can't directly assign to "valid_at" in a FOR PORTION OF update
+LINE 3: SET valid_at = '[1990-01-01,1999-01-01)'
+            ^
+-- The wrong type fails
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM 1 TO 4
+SET name = 'nope'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+ERROR:  function pg_catalog.daterange(integer, integer) does not exist
+LINE 2: FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM 1 TO 4
+                       ^
+HINT:  No function matches the given name and argument types. You might need to add explicit type casts.
+-- Setting with timestamps reversed fails
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO '2018-01-01'
+SET name = 'three^1'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+ERROR:  range lower bound must be less than or equal to range upper bound
+-- Setting with a subquery fails
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM (SELECT '2018-01-01') TO '2018-06-01'
+SET name = 'nope'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+ERROR:  cannot use subquery in FOR PORTION OF expression
+LINE 2: FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM (SELECT '2018-01-01') TO '2018-...
+                                     ^
+-- Setting with a column fails
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM lower(valid_at) TO NULL
+SET name = 'nope'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+ERROR:  cannot use column reference in FOR PORTION OF expression
+LINE 2: FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM lower(valid_at) TO NULL
+                                           ^
+-- Setting with timestamps equal does nothing
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-04-01' TO '2018-04-01'
+SET name = 'three^0'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+-- Updating a finite/open portion with a finite/open target
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO NULL
+SET name = 'three^1'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+-- Updating a finite/open portion with an open/finite target
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO '2018-03-01'
+SET name = 'three^2'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+-- Updating an open/finite portion with an open/finite target
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO '2018-02-01'
+SET name = 'four^1'
+WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+-- Updating an open/finite portion with a finite/open target
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2017-01-01' TO NULL
+SET name = 'four^2'
+WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+-- Updating a finite/finite portion with an exact fit
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2017-01-01' TO '2018-02-01'
+SET name = 'four^3'
+WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+-- Updating an enclosed span
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO NULL
+SET name = 'two^2'
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
+-- Updating an open/open portion with a finite/finite target
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-01' TO '2019-01-01'
+SET name = 'five^1'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- Updating an enclosed span with separate protruding spans
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2017-01-01' TO '2020-01-01'
+SET name = 'five^2'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- Updating multiple enclosed spans
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO NULL
+SET name = 'one^2'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+-- With a direct target
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (daterange('2018-03-10', '2018-03-17'))
+SET name = 'one^3'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+-- Updating the non-range part of the PK:
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-02-15' TO NULL
+SET id = '[6,7)'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+-- UPDATE with no WHERE clause
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2030-01-01' TO NULL
+SET name = name || '*';
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         |   name   
+-------+-------------------------+----------
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-02,2018-02-03) | one^2
+ [1,2) | [2018-02-03,2018-02-15) | one^2
+ [2,3) | [2018-01-01,2018-01-05) | two^2
+ [3,4) | [2018-01-01,2018-03-01) | three^2
+ [3,4) | [2018-03-01,2018-06-01) | three
+ [3,4) | [2018-06-01,2030-01-01) | three^1
+ [3,4) | [2030-01-01,)           | three^1*
+ [4,5) | (,2017-01-01)           | four^1
+ [4,5) | [2017-01-01,2018-02-01) | four^3
+ [4,5) | [2018-02-01,2018-04-01) | four^2
+ [5,6) | (,2017-01-01)           | five
+ [5,6) | [2017-01-01,2018-01-01) | five^2
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | five^2
+ [5,6) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | five^2
+ [5,6) | [2020-01-01,2030-01-01) | five
+ [5,6) | [2030-01-01,)           | five*
+ [6,7) | [2018-02-15,2018-03-03) | one^2
+ [6,7) | [2018-03-03,2018-03-10) | one^2
+ [6,7) | [2018-03-10,2018-03-17) | one^3
+ [6,7) | [2018-03-17,2018-04-04) | one^2
+(20 rows)
+
+-- Updating with a shift/reduce conflict
+-- (requires a tsrange column)
+CREATE UNLOGGED TABLE for_portion_of_test2 (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at tsrange,
+  name text
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test2 (id, valid_at, name)
+  VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2020-01-01)', 'one');
+-- updates [2011-03-01 01:02:00, 2012-01-01) (note 2 minutes)
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at
+  FROM '2011-03-01'::timestamp + INTERVAL '1:02:03' HOUR TO MINUTE
+  TO '2012-01-01'
+SET name = 'one^1'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+-- TO is used for the bound but not the INTERVAL:
+-- syntax error
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at
+  FROM '2013-03-01'::timestamp + INTERVAL '1:02:03' HOUR
+  TO '2014-01-01'
+SET name = 'one^2'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+ERROR:  syntax error at or near "'2014-01-01'"
+LINE 4:   TO '2014-01-01'
+             ^
+-- adding parens fixes it
+-- updates [2015-03-01 01:00:00, 2016-01-01) (no minutes)
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at
+  FROM ('2015-03-01'::timestamp + INTERVAL '1:02:03' HOUR)
+  TO '2016-01-01'
+SET name = 'one^3'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test2 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |                   valid_at                    | name  
+-------+-----------------------------------------------+-------
+ [1,2) | ["2000-01-01 00:00:00","2011-03-01 01:02:00") | one
+ [1,2) | ["2011-03-01 01:02:00","2012-01-01 00:00:00") | one^1
+ [1,2) | ["2012-01-01 00:00:00","2015-03-01 01:00:00") | one
+ [1,2) | ["2015-03-01 01:00:00","2016-01-01 00:00:00") | one^3
+ [1,2) | ["2016-01-01 00:00:00","2020-01-01 00:00:00") | one
+(5 rows)
+
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test2;
+--
+-- DELETE tests
+--
+-- Deleting with a missing column fails
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF invalid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO NULL
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ERROR:  column or period "invalid_at" of relation "for_portion_of_test" does not exist
+LINE 2: FOR PORTION OF invalid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO NULL
+                       ^
+-- Deleting with timestamps reversed fails
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO '2018-01-01'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+ERROR:  range lower bound must be less than or equal to range upper bound
+-- Deleting with timestamps equal does nothing
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-04-01' TO '2018-04-01'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+-- Deleting with a closed/closed target
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO '2020-06-01'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- Deleting with a closed/open target
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-04-01' TO NULL
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+-- Deleting with an open/closed target
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO '2018-02-08'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+-- Deleting with an open/open target
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO NULL
+WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+-- DELETE with no WHERE clause
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2025-01-01' TO NULL;
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         |  name   
+-------+-------------------------+---------
+ [1,2) | [2018-02-08,2018-02-15) | one^2
+ [2,3) | [2018-01-01,2018-01-05) | two^2
+ [3,4) | [2018-01-01,2018-03-01) | three^2
+ [3,4) | [2018-03-01,2018-04-01) | three
+ [4,5) | (,2017-01-01)           | four^1
+ [4,5) | [2017-01-01,2018-02-01) | four^3
+ [4,5) | [2018-02-01,2018-04-01) | four^2
+ [5,6) | (,2017-01-01)           | five
+ [5,6) | [2017-01-01,2018-01-01) | five^2
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-01,2018-06-01) | five^2
+ [5,6) | [2020-06-01,2025-01-01) | five
+(11 rows)
+
+-- UPDATE ... RETURNING returns only the updated values (not the inserted side values)
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-02-01' TO '2018-02-15'
+SET name = 'three^3'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)'
+RETURNING *;
+  id   |        valid_at         |  name   
+-------+-------------------------+---------
+ [3,4) | [2018-02-01,2018-02-15) | three^3
+(1 row)
+
+-- DELETE ... RETURNING returns the deleted values (regardless of bounds)
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-02-02' TO '2018-02-03'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)'
+RETURNING *;
+  id   |        valid_at         |  name   
+-------+-------------------------+---------
+ [3,4) | [2018-02-01,2018-02-15) | three^3
+(1 row)
+
+-- test that we run triggers on the UPDATE/DELETEd row and the INSERTed rows
+CREATE FUNCTION for_portion_of_trigger()
+RETURNS trigger
+AS
+$$
+BEGIN
+  RAISE NOTICE '% % % % of %', TG_WHEN, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL, NEW.valid_at, OLD.valid_at;
+  IF TG_OP = 'DELETE' THEN
+    RETURN OLD;
+  ELSE
+    RETURN NEW;
+  END IF;
+END;
+$$
+LANGUAGE plpgsql;
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_for_portion_of_before
+  BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON for_portion_of_test
+  FOR EACH ROW
+  EXECUTE FUNCTION for_portion_of_trigger();
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_for_portion_of_after
+  AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON for_portion_of_test
+  FOR EACH ROW
+  EXECUTE FUNCTION for_portion_of_trigger();
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_for_portion_of_before_stmt
+  BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON for_portion_of_test
+  FOR EACH STATEMENT
+  EXECUTE FUNCTION for_portion_of_trigger();
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_for_portion_of_after_stmt
+  AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON for_portion_of_test
+  FOR EACH STATEMENT
+  EXECUTE FUNCTION for_portion_of_trigger();
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2021-01-01' TO '2022-01-01'
+SET name = 'five^3'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+NOTICE:  BEFORE UPDATE STATEMENT <NULL> of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  BEFORE UPDATE ROW [2021-01-01,2022-01-01) of [2020-06-01,2025-01-01)
+NOTICE:  BEFORE INSERT STATEMENT <NULL> of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  BEFORE INSERT ROW [2020-06-01,2021-01-01) of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  AFTER INSERT ROW [2020-06-01,2021-01-01) of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  AFTER INSERT STATEMENT <NULL> of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  BEFORE INSERT STATEMENT <NULL> of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  BEFORE INSERT ROW [2022-01-01,2025-01-01) of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  AFTER INSERT ROW [2022-01-01,2025-01-01) of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  AFTER INSERT STATEMENT <NULL> of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  AFTER UPDATE ROW [2021-01-01,2022-01-01) of [2020-06-01,2025-01-01)
+NOTICE:  AFTER UPDATE STATEMENT <NULL> of <NULL>
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2023-01-01' TO '2024-01-01'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+NOTICE:  BEFORE DELETE STATEMENT <NULL> of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  BEFORE DELETE ROW <NULL> of [2022-01-01,2025-01-01)
+NOTICE:  BEFORE INSERT STATEMENT <NULL> of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  BEFORE INSERT ROW [2022-01-01,2023-01-01) of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  AFTER INSERT ROW [2022-01-01,2023-01-01) of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  AFTER INSERT STATEMENT <NULL> of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  BEFORE INSERT STATEMENT <NULL> of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  BEFORE INSERT ROW [2024-01-01,2025-01-01) of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  AFTER INSERT ROW [2024-01-01,2025-01-01) of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  AFTER INSERT STATEMENT <NULL> of <NULL>
+NOTICE:  AFTER DELETE ROW <NULL> of [2022-01-01,2025-01-01)
+NOTICE:  AFTER DELETE STATEMENT <NULL> of <NULL>
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         |  name   
+-------+-------------------------+---------
+ [1,2) | [2018-02-08,2018-02-15) | one^2
+ [2,3) | [2018-01-01,2018-01-05) | two^2
+ [3,4) | [2018-01-01,2018-02-01) | three^2
+ [3,4) | [2018-02-01,2018-02-02) | three^3
+ [3,4) | [2018-02-03,2018-02-15) | three^3
+ [3,4) | [2018-02-15,2018-03-01) | three^2
+ [3,4) | [2018-03-01,2018-04-01) | three
+ [4,5) | (,2017-01-01)           | four^1
+ [4,5) | [2017-01-01,2018-02-01) | four^3
+ [4,5) | [2018-02-01,2018-04-01) | four^2
+ [5,6) | (,2017-01-01)           | five
+ [5,6) | [2017-01-01,2018-01-01) | five^2
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-01,2018-06-01) | five^2
+ [5,6) | [2020-06-01,2021-01-01) | five
+ [5,6) | [2021-01-01,2022-01-01) | five^3
+ [5,6) | [2022-01-01,2023-01-01) | five
+ [5,6) | [2024-01-01,2025-01-01) | five
+(17 rows)
+
+DROP FUNCTION for_portion_of_trigger CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to 4 other objects
+DETAIL:  drop cascades to trigger trg_for_portion_of_before on table for_portion_of_test
+drop cascades to trigger trg_for_portion_of_after on table for_portion_of_test
+drop cascades to trigger trg_for_portion_of_before_stmt on table for_portion_of_test
+drop cascades to trigger trg_for_portion_of_after_stmt on table for_portion_of_test
+-- Triggers with a custom transition table name:
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test;
+CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at daterange,
+  name text
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)', 'one');
+CREATE FUNCTION dump_trigger()
+RETURNS TRIGGER LANGUAGE plpgsql AS
+$$
+BEGIN
+  IF TG_OP = 'INSERT' THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE '%: % %, NEW table = %',
+      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL, (SELECT string_agg(new_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM new_table);
+  ELSIF TG_OP = 'UPDATE' THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE '%: % %, OLD table = %, NEW table = %',
+      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL,
+      (SELECT string_agg(old_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM old_table),
+      (SELECT string_agg(new_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM new_table);
+  ELSIF TG_OP = 'DELETE' THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE '%: % %, OLD table = %',
+      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL, (SELECT string_agg(old_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM old_table);
+  END IF;
+  RETURN NULL;
+END;
+$$;
+CREATE TRIGGER for_portion_of_test_insert_trig
+AFTER INSERT ON for_portion_of_test
+REFERENCING NEW TABLE AS new_table
+FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE dump_trigger();
+CREATE TRIGGER for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt
+AFTER INSERT ON for_portion_of_test
+REFERENCING NEW TABLE AS new_table
+FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE dump_trigger();
+CREATE TRIGGER for_portion_of_test_update_trig
+AFTER UPDATE ON for_portion_of_test
+REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_table NEW TABLE AS new_table
+FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE dump_trigger();
+CREATE TRIGGER for_portion_of_test_update_trig_stmt
+AFTER UPDATE ON for_portion_of_test
+REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_table NEW TABLE AS new_table
+FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE dump_trigger();
+CREATE TRIGGER for_portion_of_test_delete_trig
+AFTER DELETE ON for_portion_of_test
+REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_table
+FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE dump_trigger();
+CREATE TRIGGER for_portion_of_test_delete_trig_stmt
+AFTER DELETE ON for_portion_of_test
+REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_table
+FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE dump_trigger();
+BEGIN;
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-15' TO '2019-01-01'
+  SET name = '2018-01-15_to_2019-01-01';
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig: INSERT ROW, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2018-01-15)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt: INSERT STATEMENT, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2018-01-15)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig: INSERT ROW, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt: INSERT STATEMENT, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_update_trig: UPDATE ROW, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one), NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-15,2019-01-01)",2018-01-15_to_2019-01-01)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_update_trig_stmt: UPDATE STATEMENT, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one), NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-15,2019-01-01)",2018-01-15_to_2019-01-01)
+ROLLBACK;
+BEGIN;
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO '2018-01-21';
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig: INSERT ROW, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-21,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt: INSERT STATEMENT, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-21,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_delete_trig: DELETE ROW, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_delete_trig_stmt: DELETE STATEMENT, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one)
+ROLLBACK;
+BEGIN;
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO '2018-01-02'
+  SET name = 'NULL_to_2018-01-01';
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig: INSERT ROW, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-02,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt: INSERT STATEMENT, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-02,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_update_trig: UPDATE ROW, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one), NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2018-01-02)",NULL_to_2018-01-01)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_update_trig_stmt: UPDATE STATEMENT, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one), NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2018-01-02)",NULL_to_2018-01-01)
+ROLLBACK;
+-- Test with multiranges
+CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test2 (
+  id int4range NOT NULL,
+  valid_at datemultirange NOT NULL,
+  name text NOT NULL,
+  CONSTRAINT for_portion_of_test2_pk PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test2
+VALUES
+('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-02', '2018-02-03)'), daterange('2018-02-04', '2018-03-03')), 'one'),
+('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-03-03', '2018-04-04)')), 'one'),
+('[2,3)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-05-01)')), 'two'),
+('[3,4)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', null)), 'three');
+;
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-10', '2018-02-10'), daterange('2018-03-05', '2018-05-01')))
+SET name = 'one^1'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-15'), daterange('2018-03-01', '2018-03-15')))
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test2 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |                                 valid_at                                  | name  
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------
+ [1,2) | {[2018-01-02,2018-01-10),[2018-02-10,2018-03-03)}                         | one
+ [1,2) | {[2018-01-10,2018-02-03),[2018-02-04,2018-02-10)}                         | one^1
+ [1,2) | {[2018-03-03,2018-03-05)}                                                 | one
+ [1,2) | {[2018-03-05,2018-04-04)}                                                 | one^1
+ [2,3) | {[2018-01-01,2018-01-15),[2018-02-15,2018-03-01),[2018-03-15,2018-05-01)} | two
+ [3,4) | {[2018-01-01,)}                                                           | three
+(6 rows)
+
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test2;
+-- Test with a custom range type
+CREATE TYPE mydaterange AS range(subtype=date);
+CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test2 (
+  id int4range NOT NULL,
+  valid_at mydaterange NOT NULL,
+  name text NOT NULL,
+  CONSTRAINT for_portion_of_test2_pk PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test2
+VALUES
+('[1,2)', '[2018-01-02,2018-02-03)', 'one'),
+('[1,2)', '[2018-02-03,2018-03-03)', 'one'),
+('[1,2)', '[2018-03-03,2018-04-04)', 'one'),
+('[2,3)', '[2018-01-01,2018-05-01)', 'two'),
+('[3,4)', '[2018-01-01,)', 'three');
+;
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-10' TO '2018-02-10'
+SET name = 'one^1'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-15' TO '2018-02-15'
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test2 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         | name  
+-------+-------------------------+-------
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-02,2018-01-10) | one
+ [1,2) | [2018-01-10,2018-02-03) | one^1
+ [1,2) | [2018-02-03,2018-02-10) | one^1
+ [1,2) | [2018-02-10,2018-03-03) | one
+ [1,2) | [2018-03-03,2018-04-04) | one
+ [2,3) | [2018-01-01,2018-01-15) | two
+ [2,3) | [2018-02-15,2018-05-01) | two
+ [3,4) | [2018-01-01,)           | three
+(8 rows)
+
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test2;
+DROP TYPE mydaterange;
+-- Test FOR PORTION OF against a partitioned table.
+-- temporal_partitioned_1 has the same attnums as the root
+-- temporal_partitioned_3 has the different attnums from the root
+-- temporal_partitioned_5 has the different attnums too, but reversed
+CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at daterange,
+  name text,
+  CONSTRAINT temporal_paritioned_uq UNIQUE (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+) PARTITION BY LIST (id);
+CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned_1 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned FOR VALUES IN ('[1,2)', '[2,3)');
+CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned_3 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned FOR VALUES IN ('[3,4)', '[4,5)');
+CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned_5 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned FOR VALUES IN ('[5,6)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned DETACH PARTITION temporal_partitioned_3;
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_3 DROP COLUMN id, DROP COLUMN valid_at;
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_3 ADD COLUMN id int4range NOT NULL, ADD COLUMN valid_at daterange NOT NULL;
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned ATTACH PARTITION temporal_partitioned_3 FOR VALUES IN ('[3,4)', '[4,5)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned DETACH PARTITION temporal_partitioned_5;
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_5 DROP COLUMN id, DROP COLUMN valid_at;
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_5 ADD COLUMN valid_at daterange NOT NULL, ADD COLUMN id int4range NOT NULL;
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned ATTACH PARTITION temporal_partitioned_5 FOR VALUES IN ('[5,6)', '[6,7)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), 'one'),
+  ('[3,4)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), 'three'),
+  ('[5,6)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), 'five');
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned;
+  id   |        valid_at         | name  
+-------+-------------------------+-------
+ [1,2) | [2000-01-01,2010-01-01) | one
+ [3,4) | [2000-01-01,2010-01-01) | three
+ [5,6) | [2000-01-01,2010-01-01) | five
+(3 rows)
+
+-- Update without moving within partition 1
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-03-01' TO '2000-04-01'
+  SET name = 'one^1'
+  WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+-- Update without moving within partition 3
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-03-01' TO '2000-04-01'
+  SET name = 'three^1'
+  WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+-- Update without moving within partition 5
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-03-01' TO '2000-04-01'
+  SET name = 'five^1'
+  WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- Move from partition 1 to partition 3
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-06-01' TO '2000-07-01'
+  SET name = 'one^2',
+      id = '[4,5)'
+  WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+-- Move from partition 3 to partition 1
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-06-01' TO '2000-07-01'
+  SET name = 'three^2',
+      id = '[2,3)'
+  WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+-- Move from partition 5 to partition 3
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-06-01' TO '2000-07-01'
+  SET name = 'five^2',
+      id = '[3,4)'
+  WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- Update all partitions at once (each with leftovers)
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         |  name   
+-------+-------------------------+---------
+ [1,2) | [2000-01-01,2000-03-01) | one
+ [1,2) | [2000-03-01,2000-04-01) | one^1
+ [1,2) | [2000-04-01,2000-06-01) | one
+ [1,2) | [2000-07-01,2010-01-01) | one
+ [2,3) | [2000-06-01,2000-07-01) | three^2
+ [3,4) | [2000-01-01,2000-03-01) | three
+ [3,4) | [2000-03-01,2000-04-01) | three^1
+ [3,4) | [2000-04-01,2000-06-01) | three
+ [3,4) | [2000-06-01,2000-07-01) | five^2
+ [3,4) | [2000-07-01,2010-01-01) | three
+ [4,5) | [2000-06-01,2000-07-01) | one^2
+ [5,6) | [2000-01-01,2000-03-01) | five
+ [5,6) | [2000-03-01,2000-04-01) | five^1
+ [5,6) | [2000-04-01,2000-06-01) | five
+ [5,6) | [2000-07-01,2010-01-01) | five
+(15 rows)
+
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_1 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         |  name   
+-------+-------------------------+---------
+ [1,2) | [2000-01-01,2000-03-01) | one
+ [1,2) | [2000-03-01,2000-04-01) | one^1
+ [1,2) | [2000-04-01,2000-06-01) | one
+ [1,2) | [2000-07-01,2010-01-01) | one
+ [2,3) | [2000-06-01,2000-07-01) | three^2
+(5 rows)
+
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_3 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  name   |  id   |        valid_at         
+---------+-------+-------------------------
+ three   | [3,4) | [2000-01-01,2000-03-01)
+ three^1 | [3,4) | [2000-03-01,2000-04-01)
+ three   | [3,4) | [2000-04-01,2000-06-01)
+ five^2  | [3,4) | [2000-06-01,2000-07-01)
+ three   | [3,4) | [2000-07-01,2010-01-01)
+ one^2   | [4,5) | [2000-06-01,2000-07-01)
+(6 rows)
+
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_5 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  name  |        valid_at         |  id   
+--------+-------------------------+-------
+ five   | [2000-01-01,2000-03-01) | [5,6)
+ five^1 | [2000-03-01,2000-04-01) | [5,6)
+ five   | [2000-04-01,2000-06-01) | [5,6)
+ five   | [2000-07-01,2010-01-01) | [5,6)
+(4 rows)
+
+DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned;
+RESET datestyle;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/opr_sanity.out b/src/test/regress/expected/opr_sanity.out
index 34a32bd11d2..7048ea0a59e 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/opr_sanity.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/opr_sanity.out
@@ -1948,6 +1948,7 @@ WHERE a1.amopfamily = 0 OR a1.amoplefttype = 0 OR a1.amoprighttype = 0
 SELECT a1.amopfamily, a1.amopstrategy
 FROM pg_amop as a1
 WHERE NOT ((a1.amoppurpose = 's' AND a1.amopsortfamily = 0) OR
+           (a1.amoppurpose = 'p' AND a1.amopsortfamily = 0) OR
            (a1.amoppurpose = 'o' AND a1.amopsortfamily <> 0));
  amopfamily | amopstrategy 
 ------------+--------------
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/privileges.out b/src/test/regress/expected/privileges.out
index 75912f690c2..399809940e9 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/privileges.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/privileges.out
@@ -1105,6 +1105,24 @@ ERROR:  null value in column "b" of relation "errtst_part_2" violates not-null c
 DETAIL:  Failing row contains (a, b, c) = (aaaa, null, ccc).
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_priv_user1;
 DROP TABLE errtst;
+-- test column-level privileges on the range used in FOR PORTION OF
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_priv_user1;
+CREATE TABLE t1 (
+  c1 int4range,
+  valid_at tsrange,
+	CONSTRAINT t1pk PRIMARY KEY (c1, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+);
+GRANT SELECT ON t1 TO regress_priv_user2;
+GRANT SELECT ON t1 TO regress_priv_user3;
+GRANT UPDATE (c1) ON t1 TO regress_priv_user2;
+GRANT UPDATE (c1, valid_at) ON t1 TO regress_priv_user3;
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_priv_user2;
+UPDATE t1 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-01-01' TO '2001-01-01' SET c1 = '[2,3)';
+ERROR:  permission denied for table t1
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_priv_user3;
+UPDATE t1 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-01-01' TO '2001-01-01' SET c1 = '[2,3)';
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_priv_user1;
+DROP TABLE t1;
 -- test column-level privileges when involved with DELETE
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_priv_user1;
 ALTER TABLE atest6 ADD COLUMN three integer;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/updatable_views.out b/src/test/regress/expected/updatable_views.out
index 8786058ed0c..53903705493 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/updatable_views.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/updatable_views.out
@@ -3666,6 +3666,38 @@ select * from uv_iocu_tab;
 
 drop view uv_iocu_view;
 drop table uv_iocu_tab;
+-- Check UPDATE FOR PORTION OF works correctly
+create table uv_fpo_tab (id int4range, valid_at tsrange, b float,
+    constraint pk_uv_fpo_tab primary key (id, valid_at without overlaps));
+insert into uv_fpo_tab values ('[1,1]', '[2020-01-01, 2030-01-01)', 0);
+create view uv_fpo_view as
+    select b, b+1 as c, valid_at, id, '2.0'::text as two from uv_fpo_tab;
+insert into uv_fpo_view (id, valid_at, b) values ('[1,1]', '[2010-01-01, 2020-01-01)', 1);
+select * from uv_fpo_view;
+ b | c |                        valid_at                         |  id   | two 
+---+---+---------------------------------------------------------+-------+-----
+ 0 | 1 | ["Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 2020","Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 2030") | [1,2) | 2.0
+ 1 | 2 | ["Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 2010","Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 2020") | [1,2) | 2.0
+(2 rows)
+
+update uv_fpo_view for portion of valid_at from '2015-01-01' to '2020-01-01' set b = 2 where id = '[1,1]';
+select * from uv_fpo_view;
+ b | c |                        valid_at                         |  id   | two 
+---+---+---------------------------------------------------------+-------+-----
+ 0 | 1 | ["Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 2020","Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 2030") | [1,2) | 2.0
+ 2 | 3 | ["Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 2015","Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 2020") | [1,2) | 2.0
+ 1 | 2 | ["Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 2010","Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 2015") | [1,2) | 2.0
+(3 rows)
+
+delete from uv_fpo_view for portion of valid_at from '2017-01-01' to '2022-01-01' where id = '[1,1]';
+select * from uv_fpo_view;
+ b | c |                        valid_at                         |  id   | two 
+---+---+---------------------------------------------------------+-------+-----
+ 1 | 2 | ["Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 2010","Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 2015") | [1,2) | 2.0
+ 0 | 1 | ["Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 2022","Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 2030") | [1,2) | 2.0
+ 2 | 3 | ["Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 2015","Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 2017") | [1,2) | 2.0
+(3 rows)
+
 -- Test whole-row references to the view
 create table uv_iocu_tab (a int unique, b text);
 create view uv_iocu_view as
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out b/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out
index 799b6770579..ed9a7d79c16 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out
@@ -889,6 +889,36 @@ INSERT INTO temporal3 (id, valid_at, id2, name)
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), '[7,8)', 'foo'),
   ('[2,3)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), '[9,10)', 'bar')
 ;
+UPDATE temporal3 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-05-01' TO '2000-07-01'
+  SET name = name || '1';
+UPDATE temporal3 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-04-01' TO '2000-06-01'
+  SET name = name || '2'
+  WHERE id = '[2,3)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal3 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         |  id2   | name  
+-------+-------------------------+--------+-------
+ [1,2) | [2000-01-01,2000-05-01) | [7,8)  | foo
+ [1,2) | [2000-05-01,2000-07-01) | [7,8)  | foo1
+ [1,2) | [2000-07-01,2010-01-01) | [7,8)  | foo
+ [2,3) | [2000-01-01,2000-04-01) | [9,10) | bar
+ [2,3) | [2000-04-01,2000-05-01) | [9,10) | bar2
+ [2,3) | [2000-05-01,2000-06-01) | [9,10) | bar12
+ [2,3) | [2000-06-01,2000-07-01) | [9,10) | bar1
+ [2,3) | [2000-07-01,2010-01-01) | [9,10) | bar
+(8 rows)
+
+-- conflicting id only:
+INSERT INTO temporal3 (id, valid_at, id2, name)
+  VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2005-01-01', '2006-01-01'), '[8,9)', 'foo3');
+ERROR:  conflicting key value violates exclusion constraint "temporal3_pk"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([1,2), [2005-01-01,2006-01-01)) conflicts with existing key (id, valid_at)=([1,2), [2000-07-01,2010-01-01)).
+-- conflicting id2 only:
+INSERT INTO temporal3 (id, valid_at, id2, name)
+  VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', daterange('2005-01-01', '2010-01-01'), '[9,10)', 'bar3');
+ERROR:  conflicting key value violates exclusion constraint "temporal3_uniq"
+DETAIL:  Key (id2, valid_at)=([9,10), [2005-01-01,2010-01-01)) conflicts with existing key (id2, valid_at)=([9,10), [2000-07-01,2010-01-01)).
 DROP TABLE temporal3;
 --
 -- test changing the PK's dependencies
@@ -920,26 +950,43 @@ INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned (id, valid_at, name) VALUES
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2000-02-01'), 'one'),
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-02-01', '2000-03-01'), 'one'),
   ('[3,4)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), 'three');
-SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
-  id   |        valid_at         | name  
--------+-------------------------+-------
- [1,2) | [2000-01-01,2000-02-01) | one
- [1,2) | [2000-02-01,2000-03-01) | one
- [3,4) | [2000-01-01,2010-01-01) | three
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+ tableoid |  id   |        valid_at         | name  
+----------+-------+-------------------------+-------
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-01-01,2000-02-01) | one
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-02-01,2000-03-01) | one
+ tp2      | [3,4) | [2000-01-01,2010-01-01) | three
 (3 rows)
 
-SELECT * FROM tp1 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
-  id   |        valid_at         | name 
--------+-------------------------+------
- [1,2) | [2000-01-01,2000-02-01) | one
- [1,2) | [2000-02-01,2000-03-01) | one
-(2 rows)
-
-SELECT * FROM tp2 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
-  id   |        valid_at         | name  
--------+-------------------------+-------
- [3,4) | [2000-01-01,2010-01-01) | three
-(1 row)
+UPDATE  temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-01-15' TO '2000-02-15'
+  SET name = 'one2'
+  WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+UPDATE  temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-02-20' TO '2000-02-25'
+  SET id = '[4,5)'
+  WHERE name = 'one';
+UPDATE  temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01'
+  SET id = '[2,3)'
+  WHERE name = 'three';
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-01-15' TO '2000-02-15'
+  WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+ tableoid |  id   |        valid_at         | name  
+----------+-------+-------------------------+-------
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-01-01,2000-01-15) | one
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-01-15,2000-02-01) | one2
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-02-01,2000-02-15) | one2
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-02-15,2000-02-20) | one
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-02-25,2000-03-01) | one
+ tp1      | [2,3) | [2002-01-01,2003-01-01) | three
+ tp2      | [3,4) | [2000-01-01,2000-01-15) | three
+ tp2      | [3,4) | [2000-02-15,2002-01-01) | three
+ tp2      | [3,4) | [2003-01-01,2010-01-01) | three
+ tp2      | [4,5) | [2000-02-20,2000-02-25) | one
+(10 rows)
 
 DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned;
 -- temporal UNIQUE:
@@ -955,26 +1002,43 @@ INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned (id, valid_at, name) VALUES
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2000-02-01'), 'one'),
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-02-01', '2000-03-01'), 'one'),
   ('[3,4)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), 'three');
-SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
-  id   |        valid_at         | name  
--------+-------------------------+-------
- [1,2) | [2000-01-01,2000-02-01) | one
- [1,2) | [2000-02-01,2000-03-01) | one
- [3,4) | [2000-01-01,2010-01-01) | three
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+ tableoid |  id   |        valid_at         | name  
+----------+-------+-------------------------+-------
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-01-01,2000-02-01) | one
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-02-01,2000-03-01) | one
+ tp2      | [3,4) | [2000-01-01,2010-01-01) | three
 (3 rows)
 
-SELECT * FROM tp1 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
-  id   |        valid_at         | name 
--------+-------------------------+------
- [1,2) | [2000-01-01,2000-02-01) | one
- [1,2) | [2000-02-01,2000-03-01) | one
-(2 rows)
-
-SELECT * FROM tp2 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
-  id   |        valid_at         | name  
--------+-------------------------+-------
- [3,4) | [2000-01-01,2010-01-01) | three
-(1 row)
+UPDATE  temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-01-15' TO '2000-02-15'
+  SET name = 'one2'
+  WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+UPDATE  temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-02-20' TO '2000-02-25'
+  SET id = '[4,5)'
+  WHERE name = 'one';
+UPDATE  temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01'
+  SET id = '[2,3)'
+  WHERE name = 'three';
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-01-15' TO '2000-02-15'
+  WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+ tableoid |  id   |        valid_at         | name  
+----------+-------+-------------------------+-------
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-01-01,2000-01-15) | one
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-01-15,2000-02-01) | one2
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-02-01,2000-02-15) | one2
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-02-15,2000-02-20) | one
+ tp1      | [1,2) | [2000-02-25,2000-03-01) | one
+ tp1      | [2,3) | [2002-01-01,2003-01-01) | three
+ tp2      | [3,4) | [2000-01-01,2000-01-15) | three
+ tp2      | [3,4) | [2000-02-15,2002-01-01) | three
+ tp2      | [3,4) | [2003-01-01,2010-01-01) | three
+ tp2      | [4,5) | [2000-02-20,2000-02-25) | one
+(10 rows)
 
 DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned;
 -- ALTER TABLE REPLICA IDENTITY
@@ -1755,6 +1819,33 @@ UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[7,8)'
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
 ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-01,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
+-- changing an unreferenced part is okay:
+UPDATE temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-02' TO '2018-01-03'
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- changing just a part fails:
+UPDATE temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-05' TO '2018-01-10'
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-03,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
+SELECT * FROM temporal_rng WHERE id in ('[5,6)', '[7,8)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         
+-------+-------------------------
+ [5,6) | [2016-02-01,2016-03-01)
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-01,2018-01-02)
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-03,2018-02-01)
+ [7,8) | [2018-01-02,2018-01-03)
+(4 rows)
+
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [3,4) | [2018-01-05,2018-01-10) | [5,6)
+(1 row)
+
 -- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK update succeeds:
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-01-01', '2016-02-01')
@@ -1840,6 +1931,34 @@ UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[7,8)'
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
 ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-01,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
+-- changing an unreferenced part is okay:
+UPDATE temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-02' TO '2018-01-03'
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- changing just a part fails:
+UPDATE temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-05' TO '2018-01-10'
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-03,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
+SELECT * FROM temporal_rng WHERE id in ('[5,6)', '[7,8)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         
+-------+-------------------------
+ [5,6) | [2016-02-01,2016-03-01)
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-01,2018-01-02)
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-03,2018-02-01)
+ [7,8) | [2018-01-02,2018-01-03)
+(4 rows)
+
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [3,4) | [2018-01-05,2018-01-10) | [5,6)
+ [3,4) | [2018-01-15,2018-02-01) | [2,3)
+(2 rows)
+
 -- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK update succeeds:
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-01-01', '2016-02-01')
@@ -1876,9 +1995,35 @@ BEGIN;
 COMMIT;
 ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-01,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
+-- deleting an unreferenced part is okay:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-02' TO '2018-01-03'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_rng WHERE id in ('[5,6)', '[7,8)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         
+-------+-------------------------
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-01,2018-01-02)
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-03,2018-02-01)
+(2 rows)
+
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [3,4) | [2018-01-05,2018-01-10) | [5,6)
+(1 row)
+
+-- deleting just a part fails:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-05' TO '2018-01-10'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-03,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
 -- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK delete succeeds:
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
+-- clean up:
+DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE parent_id = '[5,6)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id IN ('[5,6)');
 --
 -- test FK referenced deletes RESTRICT
 --
@@ -1907,11 +2052,37 @@ BEGIN;
 ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-01,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
 ROLLBACK;
+-- deleting an unreferenced part is okay:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-02' TO '2018-01-03'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_rng WHERE id in ('[5,6)', '[7,8)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         
+-------+-------------------------
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-01,2018-01-02)
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-03,2018-02-01)
+(2 rows)
+
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [3,4) | [2018-01-05,2018-01-10) | [5,6)
+(1 row)
+
+-- deleting just a part fails:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-05' TO '2018-01-10'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-03,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
 -- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK delete succeeds:
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
+-- clean up:
+DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE parent_id = '[5,6)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id IN ('[5,6)');
 --
--- test ON UPDATE/DELETE options
+-- rng2rng test ON UPDATE/DELETE options
 --
 -- test FK referenced updates CASCADE
 INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
@@ -2307,6 +2478,22 @@ UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)'
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), {[2018-01-01,2018-02-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
+-- changing an unreferenced part is okay:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-02', '2018-01-03')))
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- changing just a part fails:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')))
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), {[2018-01-01,2018-01-02),[2018-01-03,2018-02-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
+-- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK update succeeds:
+DELETE FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 --
 -- test FK referenced updates RESTRICT
 --
@@ -2388,6 +2575,22 @@ UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)'
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), {[2018-01-01,2018-02-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
+-- changing an unreferenced part is okay:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-02', '2018-01-03')))
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- changing just a part fails:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')))
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), {[2018-01-01,2018-01-02),[2018-01-03,2018-02-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
+-- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK update succeeds:
+DELETE FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 --
 -- test FK referenced deletes NO ACTION
 --
@@ -2420,6 +2623,19 @@ BEGIN;
 COMMIT;
 ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), {[2018-01-01,2018-02-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
+-- deleting an unreferenced part is okay:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-02', '2018-01-03')))
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- deleting just a part fails:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')))
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), {[2018-01-01,2018-01-02),[2018-01-03,2018-02-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
+-- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK delete succeeds:
+DELETE FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 --
 -- test FK referenced deletes RESTRICT
 --
@@ -2448,6 +2664,19 @@ BEGIN;
 ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), {[2018-01-01,2018-02-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
 ROLLBACK;
+-- deleting an unreferenced part is okay:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-02', '2018-01-03')))
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- deleting just a part fails:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')))
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_mltrng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng"
+DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), {[2018-01-01,2018-01-02),[2018-01-03,2018-02-01)}) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng".
+-- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK delete succeeds:
+DELETE FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 --
 -- FK between partitioned tables: ranges
 --
diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule
index 81e4222d26a..a4e559fe419 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule
+++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ test: create_index create_index_spgist create_view index_including index_includi
 # ----------
 # Another group of parallel tests
 # ----------
-test: create_aggregate create_function_sql create_cast constraints triggers select inherit typed_table vacuum drop_if_exists updatable_views roleattributes create_am hash_func errors infinite_recurse
+test: create_aggregate create_function_sql create_cast constraints triggers select inherit typed_table vacuum drop_if_exists updatable_views roleattributes create_am hash_func errors infinite_recurse for_portion_of
 
 # ----------
 # sanity_check does a vacuum, affecting the sort order of SELECT *
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/for_portion_of.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/for_portion_of.sql
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e66a55fe014
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/for_portion_of.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,597 @@
+-- Tests for UPDATE/DELETE FOR PORTION OF
+
+SET datestyle TO ISO, YMD;
+
+-- Works on non-PK columns
+CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at daterange,
+  name text NOT NULL
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test VALUES
+('[1,2)', '[2018-01-02,2020-01-01)', 'one');
+
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-15' TO '2019-01-01'
+SET name = 'one^1';
+
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-15' TO '2019-01-20';
+
+-- With a table alias with AS
+
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-02-01' TO '2019-02-03' AS t
+SET name = 'one^2';
+
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-02-03' TO '2019-02-04' AS t;
+
+-- With a table alias without AS
+
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-02-04' TO '2019-02-05' t
+SET name = 'one^3';
+
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-02-05' TO '2019-02-06' t;
+
+-- UPDATE with FROM
+
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-03-01' to '2019-03-02'
+SET name = 'one^4'
+FROM (SELECT '[1,2)'::int4range) AS t2(id)
+WHERE for_portion_of_test.id = t2.id;
+
+-- DELETE with USING
+
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-03-02' TO '2019-03-03'
+USING (SELECT '[1,2)'::int4range) AS t2(id)
+WHERE for_portion_of_test.id = t2.id;
+
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+-- Works on more than one range
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test;
+CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test (
+  id int4range,
+  valid1_at daterange,
+  valid2_at daterange,
+  name text NOT NULL
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test VALUES
+('[1,2)', '[2018-01-02,2018-02-03)', '[2015-01-01,2025-01-01)', 'one');
+
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid1_at FROM '2018-01-15' TO NULL
+SET name = 'foo';
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid1_at, valid2_at;
+
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid2_at FROM '2018-01-15' TO NULL
+SET name = 'bar';
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid1_at, valid2_at;
+
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid1_at FROM '2018-01-20' TO NULL;
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid1_at, valid2_at;
+
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid2_at FROM '2018-01-20' TO NULL;
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid1_at, valid2_at;
+
+-- Test with NULLs in the scalar/range key columns.
+-- This won't happen if there is a PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE constraint
+-- but FOR PORTION OF shouldn't require that.
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test;
+CREATE UNLOGGED TABLE for_portion_of_test (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at daterange,
+  name text
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', NULL, '1 null'),
+  ('[1,2)', '(,)', '1 unbounded'),
+  ('[1,2)', 'empty', '1 empty'),
+  (NULL, NULL, NULL),
+  (NULL, daterange('2018-01-01', '2019-01-01'), 'null key');
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO NULL
+  SET name = 'NULL to NULL';
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test;
+CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test (
+  id int4range NOT NULL,
+  valid_at daterange NOT NULL,
+  name text NOT NULL,
+  CONSTRAINT for_portion_of_pk PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test
+VALUES
+('[1,2)', '[2018-01-02,2018-02-03)', 'one'),
+('[1,2)', '[2018-02-03,2018-03-03)', 'one'),
+('[1,2)', '[2018-03-03,2018-04-04)', 'one'),
+('[2,3)', '[2018-01-01,2018-01-05)', 'two'),
+('[3,4)', '[2018-01-01,)', 'three'),
+('[4,5)', '(,2018-04-01)', 'four'),
+('[5,6)', '(,)', 'five')
+;
+
+--
+-- UPDATE tests
+--
+
+-- Setting with a missing column fails
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF invalid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO NULL
+SET name = 'foo'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+
+-- Setting the range fails
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO NULL
+SET valid_at = '[1990-01-01,1999-01-01)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+
+-- The wrong type fails
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM 1 TO 4
+SET name = 'nope'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+
+-- Setting with timestamps reversed fails
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO '2018-01-01'
+SET name = 'three^1'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+
+-- Setting with a subquery fails
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM (SELECT '2018-01-01') TO '2018-06-01'
+SET name = 'nope'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+
+-- Setting with a column fails
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM lower(valid_at) TO NULL
+SET name = 'nope'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+
+-- Setting with timestamps equal does nothing
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-04-01' TO '2018-04-01'
+SET name = 'three^0'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+
+-- Updating a finite/open portion with a finite/open target
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO NULL
+SET name = 'three^1'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+
+-- Updating a finite/open portion with an open/finite target
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO '2018-03-01'
+SET name = 'three^2'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+
+-- Updating an open/finite portion with an open/finite target
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO '2018-02-01'
+SET name = 'four^1'
+WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+
+-- Updating an open/finite portion with a finite/open target
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2017-01-01' TO NULL
+SET name = 'four^2'
+WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+
+-- Updating a finite/finite portion with an exact fit
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2017-01-01' TO '2018-02-01'
+SET name = 'four^3'
+WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+
+-- Updating an enclosed span
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO NULL
+SET name = 'two^2'
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
+
+-- Updating an open/open portion with a finite/finite target
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-01' TO '2019-01-01'
+SET name = 'five^1'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+
+-- Updating an enclosed span with separate protruding spans
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2017-01-01' TO '2020-01-01'
+SET name = 'five^2'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+
+-- Updating multiple enclosed spans
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO NULL
+SET name = 'one^2'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+
+-- With a direct target
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (daterange('2018-03-10', '2018-03-17'))
+SET name = 'one^3'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+
+-- Updating the non-range part of the PK:
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-02-15' TO NULL
+SET id = '[6,7)'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+
+-- UPDATE with no WHERE clause
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2030-01-01' TO NULL
+SET name = name || '*';
+
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+-- Updating with a shift/reduce conflict
+-- (requires a tsrange column)
+CREATE UNLOGGED TABLE for_portion_of_test2 (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at tsrange,
+  name text
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test2 (id, valid_at, name)
+  VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2000-01-01,2020-01-01)', 'one');
+-- updates [2011-03-01 01:02:00, 2012-01-01) (note 2 minutes)
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at
+  FROM '2011-03-01'::timestamp + INTERVAL '1:02:03' HOUR TO MINUTE
+  TO '2012-01-01'
+SET name = 'one^1'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+
+-- TO is used for the bound but not the INTERVAL:
+-- syntax error
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at
+  FROM '2013-03-01'::timestamp + INTERVAL '1:02:03' HOUR
+  TO '2014-01-01'
+SET name = 'one^2'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+
+-- adding parens fixes it
+-- updates [2015-03-01 01:00:00, 2016-01-01) (no minutes)
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at
+  FROM ('2015-03-01'::timestamp + INTERVAL '1:02:03' HOUR)
+  TO '2016-01-01'
+SET name = 'one^3'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test2 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test2;
+
+--
+-- DELETE tests
+--
+
+-- Deleting with a missing column fails
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF invalid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO NULL
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+
+-- Deleting with timestamps reversed fails
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO '2018-01-01'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+
+-- Deleting with timestamps equal does nothing
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-04-01' TO '2018-04-01'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+
+-- Deleting with a closed/closed target
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-06-01' TO '2020-06-01'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+
+-- Deleting with a closed/open target
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-04-01' TO NULL
+WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+
+-- Deleting with an open/closed target
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO '2018-02-08'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+
+-- Deleting with an open/open target
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO NULL
+WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+
+-- DELETE with no WHERE clause
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2025-01-01' TO NULL;
+
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+-- UPDATE ... RETURNING returns only the updated values (not the inserted side values)
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-02-01' TO '2018-02-15'
+SET name = 'three^3'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)'
+RETURNING *;
+
+-- DELETE ... RETURNING returns the deleted values (regardless of bounds)
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-02-02' TO '2018-02-03'
+WHERE id = '[3,4)'
+RETURNING *;
+
+-- test that we run triggers on the UPDATE/DELETEd row and the INSERTed rows
+
+CREATE FUNCTION for_portion_of_trigger()
+RETURNS trigger
+AS
+$$
+BEGIN
+  RAISE NOTICE '% % % % of %', TG_WHEN, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL, NEW.valid_at, OLD.valid_at;
+  IF TG_OP = 'DELETE' THEN
+    RETURN OLD;
+  ELSE
+    RETURN NEW;
+  END IF;
+END;
+$$
+LANGUAGE plpgsql;
+
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_for_portion_of_before
+  BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON for_portion_of_test
+  FOR EACH ROW
+  EXECUTE FUNCTION for_portion_of_trigger();
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_for_portion_of_after
+  AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON for_portion_of_test
+  FOR EACH ROW
+  EXECUTE FUNCTION for_portion_of_trigger();
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_for_portion_of_before_stmt
+  BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON for_portion_of_test
+  FOR EACH STATEMENT
+  EXECUTE FUNCTION for_portion_of_trigger();
+CREATE TRIGGER trg_for_portion_of_after_stmt
+  AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON for_portion_of_test
+  FOR EACH STATEMENT
+  EXECUTE FUNCTION for_portion_of_trigger();
+
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2021-01-01' TO '2022-01-01'
+SET name = 'five^3'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2023-01-01' TO '2024-01-01'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+DROP FUNCTION for_portion_of_trigger CASCADE;
+
+-- Triggers with a custom transition table name:
+
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test;
+CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at daterange,
+  name text
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test VALUES ('[1,2)', '[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)', 'one');
+
+CREATE FUNCTION dump_trigger()
+RETURNS TRIGGER LANGUAGE plpgsql AS
+$$
+BEGIN
+  IF TG_OP = 'INSERT' THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE '%: % %, NEW table = %',
+      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL, (SELECT string_agg(new_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM new_table);
+  ELSIF TG_OP = 'UPDATE' THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE '%: % %, OLD table = %, NEW table = %',
+      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL,
+      (SELECT string_agg(old_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM old_table),
+      (SELECT string_agg(new_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM new_table);
+  ELSIF TG_OP = 'DELETE' THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE '%: % %, OLD table = %',
+      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL, (SELECT string_agg(old_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM old_table);
+  END IF;
+  RETURN NULL;
+END;
+$$;
+
+CREATE TRIGGER for_portion_of_test_insert_trig
+AFTER INSERT ON for_portion_of_test
+REFERENCING NEW TABLE AS new_table
+FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE dump_trigger();
+
+CREATE TRIGGER for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt
+AFTER INSERT ON for_portion_of_test
+REFERENCING NEW TABLE AS new_table
+FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE dump_trigger();
+
+CREATE TRIGGER for_portion_of_test_update_trig
+AFTER UPDATE ON for_portion_of_test
+REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_table NEW TABLE AS new_table
+FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE dump_trigger();
+
+CREATE TRIGGER for_portion_of_test_update_trig_stmt
+AFTER UPDATE ON for_portion_of_test
+REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_table NEW TABLE AS new_table
+FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE dump_trigger();
+
+CREATE TRIGGER for_portion_of_test_delete_trig
+AFTER DELETE ON for_portion_of_test
+REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_table
+FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE dump_trigger();
+
+CREATE TRIGGER for_portion_of_test_delete_trig_stmt
+AFTER DELETE ON for_portion_of_test
+REFERENCING OLD TABLE AS old_table
+FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE PROCEDURE dump_trigger();
+
+BEGIN;
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-15' TO '2019-01-01'
+  SET name = '2018-01-15_to_2019-01-01';
+ROLLBACK;
+
+BEGIN;
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO '2018-01-21';
+ROLLBACK;
+
+BEGIN;
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO '2018-01-02'
+  SET name = 'NULL_to_2018-01-01';
+ROLLBACK;
+
+-- Test with multiranges
+
+CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test2 (
+  id int4range NOT NULL,
+  valid_at datemultirange NOT NULL,
+  name text NOT NULL,
+  CONSTRAINT for_portion_of_test2_pk PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test2
+VALUES
+('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-02', '2018-02-03)'), daterange('2018-02-04', '2018-03-03')), 'one'),
+('[1,2)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-03-03', '2018-04-04)')), 'one'),
+('[2,3)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-05-01)')), 'two'),
+('[3,4)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', null)), 'three');
+;
+
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-10', '2018-02-10'), daterange('2018-03-05', '2018-05-01')))
+SET name = 'one^1'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-15', '2018-02-15'), daterange('2018-03-01', '2018-03-15')))
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
+
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test2 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test2;
+
+-- Test with a custom range type
+
+CREATE TYPE mydaterange AS range(subtype=date);
+
+CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test2 (
+  id int4range NOT NULL,
+  valid_at mydaterange NOT NULL,
+  name text NOT NULL,
+  CONSTRAINT for_portion_of_test2_pk PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+);
+INSERT INTO for_portion_of_test2
+VALUES
+('[1,2)', '[2018-01-02,2018-02-03)', 'one'),
+('[1,2)', '[2018-02-03,2018-03-03)', 'one'),
+('[1,2)', '[2018-03-03,2018-04-04)', 'one'),
+('[2,3)', '[2018-01-01,2018-05-01)', 'two'),
+('[3,4)', '[2018-01-01,)', 'three');
+;
+
+UPDATE for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-10' TO '2018-02-10'
+SET name = 'one^1'
+WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+
+DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test2
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-15' TO '2018-02-15'
+WHERE id = '[2,3)';
+
+SELECT * FROM for_portion_of_test2 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+DROP TABLE for_portion_of_test2;
+DROP TYPE mydaterange;
+
+-- Test FOR PORTION OF against a partitioned table.
+-- temporal_partitioned_1 has the same attnums as the root
+-- temporal_partitioned_3 has the different attnums from the root
+-- temporal_partitioned_5 has the different attnums too, but reversed
+
+CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at daterange,
+  name text,
+  CONSTRAINT temporal_paritioned_uq UNIQUE (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+) PARTITION BY LIST (id);
+CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned_1 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned FOR VALUES IN ('[1,2)', '[2,3)');
+CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned_3 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned FOR VALUES IN ('[3,4)', '[4,5)');
+CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned_5 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned FOR VALUES IN ('[5,6)', '[6,7)');
+
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned DETACH PARTITION temporal_partitioned_3;
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_3 DROP COLUMN id, DROP COLUMN valid_at;
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_3 ADD COLUMN id int4range NOT NULL, ADD COLUMN valid_at daterange NOT NULL;
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned ATTACH PARTITION temporal_partitioned_3 FOR VALUES IN ('[3,4)', '[4,5)');
+
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned DETACH PARTITION temporal_partitioned_5;
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_5 DROP COLUMN id, DROP COLUMN valid_at;
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_5 ADD COLUMN valid_at daterange NOT NULL, ADD COLUMN id int4range NOT NULL;
+ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned ATTACH PARTITION temporal_partitioned_5 FOR VALUES IN ('[5,6)', '[6,7)');
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), 'one'),
+  ('[3,4)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), 'three'),
+  ('[5,6)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), 'five');
+
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned;
+
+-- Update without moving within partition 1
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-03-01' TO '2000-04-01'
+  SET name = 'one^1'
+  WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+
+-- Update without moving within partition 3
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-03-01' TO '2000-04-01'
+  SET name = 'three^1'
+  WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+
+-- Update without moving within partition 5
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-03-01' TO '2000-04-01'
+  SET name = 'five^1'
+  WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+
+-- Move from partition 1 to partition 3
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-06-01' TO '2000-07-01'
+  SET name = 'one^2',
+      id = '[4,5)'
+  WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+
+-- Move from partition 3 to partition 1
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-06-01' TO '2000-07-01'
+  SET name = 'three^2',
+      id = '[2,3)'
+  WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+
+-- Move from partition 5 to partition 3
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-06-01' TO '2000-07-01'
+  SET name = 'five^2',
+      id = '[3,4)'
+  WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+
+-- Update all partitions at once (each with leftovers)
+
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_1 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_3 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_5 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned;
+
+RESET datestyle;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/opr_sanity.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/opr_sanity.sql
index 2fe7b6dcc49..2dffe7c5b6a 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/opr_sanity.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/opr_sanity.sql
@@ -1241,6 +1241,7 @@ WHERE a1.amopfamily = 0 OR a1.amoplefttype = 0 OR a1.amoprighttype = 0
 SELECT a1.amopfamily, a1.amopstrategy
 FROM pg_amop as a1
 WHERE NOT ((a1.amoppurpose = 's' AND a1.amopsortfamily = 0) OR
+           (a1.amoppurpose = 'p' AND a1.amopsortfamily = 0) OR
            (a1.amoppurpose = 'o' AND a1.amopsortfamily <> 0));
 
 -- amopmethod must match owning opfamily's opfmethod
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/privileges.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/privileges.sql
index d886cc088c9..e725e9ccb6d 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/privileges.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/privileges.sql
@@ -756,6 +756,24 @@ UPDATE errtst SET a = 'aaaa', b = NULL WHERE a = 'aaa';
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_priv_user1;
 DROP TABLE errtst;
 
+-- test column-level privileges on the range used in FOR PORTION OF
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_priv_user1;
+CREATE TABLE t1 (
+  c1 int4range,
+  valid_at tsrange,
+	CONSTRAINT t1pk PRIMARY KEY (c1, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+);
+GRANT SELECT ON t1 TO regress_priv_user2;
+GRANT SELECT ON t1 TO regress_priv_user3;
+GRANT UPDATE (c1) ON t1 TO regress_priv_user2;
+GRANT UPDATE (c1, valid_at) ON t1 TO regress_priv_user3;
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_priv_user2;
+UPDATE t1 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-01-01' TO '2001-01-01' SET c1 = '[2,3)';
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_priv_user3;
+UPDATE t1 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-01-01' TO '2001-01-01' SET c1 = '[2,3)';
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_priv_user1;
+DROP TABLE t1;
+
 -- test column-level privileges when involved with DELETE
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_priv_user1;
 ALTER TABLE atest6 ADD COLUMN three integer;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/updatable_views.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/updatable_views.sql
index 93b693ae837..9bf237c71d4 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/updatable_views.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/updatable_views.sql
@@ -1865,6 +1865,20 @@ select * from uv_iocu_tab;
 drop view uv_iocu_view;
 drop table uv_iocu_tab;
 
+-- Check UPDATE FOR PORTION OF works correctly
+create table uv_fpo_tab (id int4range, valid_at tsrange, b float,
+    constraint pk_uv_fpo_tab primary key (id, valid_at without overlaps));
+insert into uv_fpo_tab values ('[1,1]', '[2020-01-01, 2030-01-01)', 0);
+create view uv_fpo_view as
+    select b, b+1 as c, valid_at, id, '2.0'::text as two from uv_fpo_tab;
+
+insert into uv_fpo_view (id, valid_at, b) values ('[1,1]', '[2010-01-01, 2020-01-01)', 1);
+select * from uv_fpo_view;
+update uv_fpo_view for portion of valid_at from '2015-01-01' to '2020-01-01' set b = 2 where id = '[1,1]';
+select * from uv_fpo_view;
+delete from uv_fpo_view for portion of valid_at from '2017-01-01' to '2022-01-01' where id = '[1,1]';
+select * from uv_fpo_view;
+
 -- Test whole-row references to the view
 create table uv_iocu_tab (a int unique, b text);
 create view uv_iocu_view as
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql
index f7de3871093..3f26af2bcfb 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql
@@ -632,6 +632,20 @@ INSERT INTO temporal3 (id, valid_at, id2, name)
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), '[7,8)', 'foo'),
   ('[2,3)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), '[9,10)', 'bar')
 ;
+UPDATE temporal3 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-05-01' TO '2000-07-01'
+  SET name = name || '1';
+UPDATE temporal3 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-04-01' TO '2000-06-01'
+  SET name = name || '2'
+  WHERE id = '[2,3)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal3 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- conflicting id only:
+INSERT INTO temporal3 (id, valid_at, id2, name)
+  VALUES
+  ('[1,2)', daterange('2005-01-01', '2006-01-01'), '[8,9)', 'foo3');
+-- conflicting id2 only:
+INSERT INTO temporal3 (id, valid_at, id2, name)
+  VALUES
+  ('[3,4)', daterange('2005-01-01', '2010-01-01'), '[9,10)', 'bar3');
 DROP TABLE temporal3;
 
 --
@@ -667,9 +681,23 @@ INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned (id, valid_at, name) VALUES
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2000-02-01'), 'one'),
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-02-01', '2000-03-01'), 'one'),
   ('[3,4)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), 'three');
-SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
-SELECT * FROM tp1 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
-SELECT * FROM tp2 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+UPDATE  temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-01-15' TO '2000-02-15'
+  SET name = 'one2'
+  WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+UPDATE  temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-02-20' TO '2000-02-25'
+  SET id = '[4,5)'
+  WHERE name = 'one';
+UPDATE  temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01'
+  SET id = '[2,3)'
+  WHERE name = 'three';
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-01-15' TO '2000-02-15'
+  WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
 DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned;
 
 -- temporal UNIQUE:
@@ -685,9 +713,23 @@ INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned (id, valid_at, name) VALUES
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2000-02-01'), 'one'),
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-02-01', '2000-03-01'), 'one'),
   ('[3,4)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2010-01-01'), 'three');
-SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
-SELECT * FROM tp1 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
-SELECT * FROM tp2 ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+UPDATE  temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-01-15' TO '2000-02-15'
+  SET name = 'one2'
+  WHERE id = '[1,2)';
+UPDATE  temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-02-20' TO '2000-02-25'
+  SET id = '[4,5)'
+  WHERE name = 'one';
+UPDATE  temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01'
+  SET id = '[2,3)'
+  WHERE name = 'three';
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned
+  FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2000-01-15' TO '2000-02-15'
+  WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, * FROM temporal_partitioned ORDER BY id, valid_at;
 DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned;
 
 -- ALTER TABLE REPLICA IDENTITY
@@ -1291,6 +1333,18 @@ COMMIT;
 -- changing the scalar part fails:
 UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[7,8)'
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
+-- changing an unreferenced part is okay:
+UPDATE temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-02' TO '2018-01-03'
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- changing just a part fails:
+UPDATE temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-05' TO '2018-01-10'
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_rng WHERE id in ('[5,6)', '[7,8)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
 -- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK update succeeds:
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-01-01', '2016-02-01')
@@ -1368,6 +1422,18 @@ ROLLBACK;
 -- changing the scalar part fails:
 UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[7,8)'
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
+-- changing an unreferenced part is okay:
+UPDATE temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-02' TO '2018-01-03'
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- changing just a part fails:
+UPDATE temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-05' TO '2018-01-10'
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_rng WHERE id in ('[5,6)', '[7,8)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
 -- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK update succeeds:
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 UPDATE temporal_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-01-01', '2016-02-01')
@@ -1403,9 +1469,22 @@ BEGIN;
 
   DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
 COMMIT;
+-- deleting an unreferenced part is okay:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-02' TO '2018-01-03'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_rng WHERE id in ('[5,6)', '[7,8)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- deleting just a part fails:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-05' TO '2018-01-10'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 -- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK delete succeeds:
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
+-- clean up:
+DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE parent_id = '[5,6)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id IN ('[5,6)');
 
 --
 -- test FK referenced deletes RESTRICT
@@ -1434,12 +1513,25 @@ BEGIN;
     DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED;
   DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
 ROLLBACK;
+-- deleting an unreferenced part is okay:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-02' TO '2018-01-03'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_rng WHERE id in ('[5,6)', '[7,8)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- deleting just a part fails:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-05' TO '2018-01-10'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 -- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK delete succeeds:
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
+-- clean up:
+DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE parent_id = '[5,6)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id IN ('[5,6)');
 
 --
--- test ON UPDATE/DELETE options
+-- rng2rng test ON UPDATE/DELETE options
 --
 
 -- test FK referenced updates CASCADE
@@ -1804,6 +1896,20 @@ COMMIT;
 -- changing the scalar part fails:
 UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)'
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
+-- changing an unreferenced part is okay:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-02', '2018-01-03')))
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- changing just a part fails:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')))
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK update succeeds:
+DELETE FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 
 --
 -- test FK referenced updates RESTRICT
@@ -1878,6 +1984,20 @@ ROLLBACK;
 -- changing the scalar part fails:
 UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)'
 WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
+-- changing an unreferenced part is okay:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-02', '2018-01-03')))
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- changing just a part fails:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')))
+SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK update succeeds:
+DELETE FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)'
+WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 
 --
 -- test FK referenced deletes NO ACTION
@@ -1909,6 +2029,17 @@ BEGIN;
 
   DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 COMMIT;
+-- deleting an unreferenced part is okay:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-02', '2018-01-03')))
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- deleting just a part fails:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')))
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK delete succeeds:
+DELETE FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 
 --
 -- test FK referenced deletes RESTRICT
@@ -1938,6 +2069,17 @@ BEGIN;
 
   DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 ROLLBACK;
+-- deleting an unreferenced part is okay:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-02', '2018-01-03')))
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- deleting just a part fails:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng
+FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-05', '2018-01-10')))
+WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+-- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK delete succeeds:
+DELETE FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 
 --
 -- FK between partitioned tables: ranges
diff --git a/src/test/subscription/t/034_temporal.pl b/src/test/subscription/t/034_temporal.pl
index bff3b5aa0e3..994cd88a232 100644
--- a/src/test/subscription/t/034_temporal.pl
+++ b/src/test/subscription/t/034_temporal.pl
@@ -114,6 +114,12 @@ is( $stderr,
 	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_no_key" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
 HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
 	"can't UPDATE temporal_no_key DEFAULT");
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_no_key FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2001-01-01' TO '2002-01-01' SET a = 'c' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_no_key" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
+HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't UPDATE FOR PORTION OF temporal_no_key DEFAULT");
 
 ($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
 	"DELETE FROM temporal_no_key WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
@@ -121,6 +127,12 @@ is( $stderr,
 	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_no_key" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
 HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
 	"can't DELETE temporal_no_key DEFAULT");
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_no_key FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_no_key" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
+HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't DELETE FOR PORTION OF temporal_no_key DEFAULT");
 
 $node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
 
@@ -142,16 +154,22 @@ $node_publisher->safe_psql(
 
 $node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"UPDATE temporal_pk SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_pk FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2001-01-01' TO '2002-01-01' SET a = 'c' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
 
 $node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"DELETE FROM temporal_pk WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_pk FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
 
 $node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
 
 $result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"SELECT * FROM temporal_pk ORDER BY id, valid_at");
 is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
-[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2001-01-01)|b
+[2,3)|[2001-01-01,2002-01-01)|c
+[2,3)|[2003-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
 [4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_pk DEFAULT');
 
 # replicate with a unique key:
@@ -169,6 +187,12 @@ is( $stderr,
 	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_unique" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
 HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
 	"can't UPDATE temporal_unique DEFAULT");
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_unique FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2001-01-01' TO '2002-01-01' SET a = 'c' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_unique" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
+HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't UPDATE FOR PORTION OF temporal_unique DEFAULT");
 
 ($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
 	"DELETE FROM temporal_unique WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
@@ -176,6 +200,12 @@ is( $stderr,
 	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_unique" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
 HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
 	"can't DELETE temporal_unique DEFAULT");
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_unique FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_unique" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
+HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't DELETE FOR PORTION OF temporal_unique DEFAULT");
 
 $node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
 
@@ -291,16 +321,22 @@ $node_publisher->safe_psql(
 
 $node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"UPDATE temporal_no_key SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_no_key FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2001-01-01' TO '2002-01-01' SET a = 'c' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
 
 $node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"DELETE FROM temporal_no_key WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_no_key FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
 
 $node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
 
 $result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"SELECT * FROM temporal_no_key ORDER BY id, valid_at");
 is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
-[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2001-01-01)|b
+[2,3)|[2001-01-01,2002-01-01)|c
+[2,3)|[2003-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
 [4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_no_key FULL');
 
 # replicate with a primary key:
@@ -314,16 +350,22 @@ $node_publisher->safe_psql(
 
 $node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"UPDATE temporal_pk SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_pk FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2001-01-01' TO '2002-01-01' SET a = 'c' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
 
 $node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"DELETE FROM temporal_pk WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_pk FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
 
 $node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
 
 $result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"SELECT * FROM temporal_pk ORDER BY id, valid_at");
 is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
-[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2001-01-01)|b
+[2,3)|[2001-01-01,2002-01-01)|c
+[2,3)|[2003-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
 [4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_pk FULL');
 
 # replicate with a unique key:
@@ -337,17 +379,23 @@ $node_publisher->safe_psql(
 
 $node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"UPDATE temporal_unique SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_unique FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2001-01-01' TO '2002-01-01' SET a = 'c' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
 
 $node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"DELETE FROM temporal_unique WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_unique FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
 
 $node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
 
 $result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"SELECT * FROM temporal_unique ORDER BY id, valid_at");
 is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
-[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
-[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_unique FULL');
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2001-01-01)|b
+[2,3)|[2001-01-01,2002-01-01)|c
+[2,3)|[2003-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
+[4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_unique DEFAULT');
 
 # cleanup
 
@@ -436,16 +484,22 @@ $node_publisher->safe_psql(
 
 $node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"UPDATE temporal_pk SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_pk FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2001-01-01' TO '2002-01-01' SET a = 'c' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
 
 $node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"DELETE FROM temporal_pk WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_pk FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
 
 $node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
 
 $result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"SELECT * FROM temporal_pk ORDER BY id, valid_at");
 is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
-[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2001-01-01)|b
+[2,3)|[2001-01-01,2002-01-01)|c
+[2,3)|[2003-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
 [4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_pk USING INDEX');
 
 # replicate with a unique key:
@@ -459,16 +513,22 @@ $node_publisher->safe_psql(
 
 $node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"UPDATE temporal_unique SET a = 'b' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_unique FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2001-01-01' TO '2002-01-01' SET a = 'c' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
 
 $node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"DELETE FROM temporal_unique WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
+$node_publisher->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_unique FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
 
 $node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
 
 $result = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"SELECT * FROM temporal_unique ORDER BY id, valid_at");
 is( $result, qq{[1,2)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a
-[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
+[2,3)|[2000-01-01,2001-01-01)|b
+[2,3)|[2001-01-01,2002-01-01)|c
+[2,3)|[2003-01-01,2010-01-01)|b
 [4,5)|[2000-01-01,2010-01-01)|a}, 'replicated temporal_unique USING INDEX');
 
 # cleanup
@@ -579,6 +639,12 @@ is( $stderr,
 	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_no_key" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
 HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
 	"can't UPDATE temporal_no_key NOTHING");
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_no_key FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2001-01-01' TO '2002-01-01' SET a = 'c' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_no_key" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
+HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't UPDATE temporal_no_key NOTHING");
 
 ($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
 	"DELETE FROM temporal_no_key WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
@@ -586,6 +652,12 @@ is( $stderr,
 	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_no_key" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
 HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
 	"can't DELETE temporal_no_key NOTHING");
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_no_key FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_no_key" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
+HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't DELETE temporal_no_key NOTHING");
 
 $node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
 
@@ -611,6 +683,12 @@ is( $stderr,
 	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_pk" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
 HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
 	"can't UPDATE temporal_pk NOTHING");
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_pk FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2001-01-01' TO '2002-01-01' SET a = 'c' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_pk" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
+HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't UPDATE temporal_pk NOTHING");
 
 ($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
 	"DELETE FROM temporal_pk WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
@@ -618,6 +696,12 @@ is( $stderr,
 	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_pk" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
 HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
 	"can't DELETE temporal_pk NOTHING");
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_pk FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_pk" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
+HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't DELETE temporal_pk NOTHING");
 
 $node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
 
@@ -643,6 +727,12 @@ is( $stderr,
 	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_unique" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
 HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
 	"can't UPDATE temporal_unique NOTHING");
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"UPDATE temporal_unique FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2001-01-01' TO '2002-01-01' SET a = 'c' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot update table "temporal_unique" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes updates
+HINT:  To enable updating the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't UPDATE FOR PORTION OF temporal_unique NOTHING");
 
 ($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
 	"DELETE FROM temporal_unique WHERE id = '[3,4)'");
@@ -650,6 +740,12 @@ is( $stderr,
 	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_unique" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
 HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
 	"can't DELETE temporal_unique NOTHING");
+($result, $stdout, $stderr) = $node_publisher->psql('postgres',
+	"DELETE FROM temporal_unique FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2002-01-01' TO '2003-01-01' WHERE id = '[2,3)'");
+is( $stderr,
+	qq(psql:<stdin>:1: ERROR:  cannot delete from table "temporal_unique" because it does not have a replica identity and publishes deletes
+HINT:  To enable deleting from the table, set REPLICA IDENTITY using ALTER TABLE.),
+	"can't DELETE FOR PORTION OF temporal_unique NOTHING");
 
 $node_publisher->wait_for_catchup('sub1');
 
-- 
2.42.0



  [text/x-patch] v45-0007-Add-CASCADE-SET-NULL-SET-DEFAULT-for-temporal-fo.patch (209.7K, ../[email protected]/8-v45-0007-Add-CASCADE-SET-NULL-SET-DEFAULT-for-temporal-fo.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 9e3216538d03e7eed94e3010d25dc920bc386ebb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Paul A. Jungwirth" <[email protected]>
Date: Sat, 3 Jun 2023 21:41:11 -0400
Subject: [PATCH v45 7/8] Add CASCADE/SET NULL/SET DEFAULT for temporal foreign
 keys

---
 doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml            |   14 +-
 src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c           |   10 +
 src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c              |   77 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c           |  558 +++++-
 src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat               |   22 +
 src/test/regress/expected/btree_index.out     |   18 +-
 .../regress/expected/without_overlaps.out     | 1642 ++++++++++++++++-
 src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql     |  921 ++++++++-
 8 files changed, 3167 insertions(+), 95 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml
index 1a1adc5ae87..ea849c82217 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml
@@ -1289,7 +1289,9 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM
          </para>
 
          <para>
-          In a temporal foreign key, this option is not supported.
+          In a temporal foreign key, the delete/update will use
+          <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> semantics to constrain the
+          effect to the bounds being deleted/updated in the referenced row.
          </para>
         </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
@@ -1304,7 +1306,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM
          </para>
 
          <para>
-          In a temporal foreign key, this option is not supported.
+          In a temporal foreign key, the change will use <literal>FOR PORTION
+          OF</literal> semantics to constrain the effect to the bounds being
+          deleted/updated in the referenced row. The column maked with
+          <literal>PERIOD</literal> will not be set to null.
          </para>
         </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
@@ -1321,7 +1326,10 @@ WITH ( MODULUS <replaceable class="parameter">numeric_literal</replaceable>, REM
          </para>
 
          <para>
-          In a temporal foreign key, this option is not supported.
+          In a temporal foreign key, the change will use <literal>FOR PORTION
+          OF</literal> semantics to constrain the effect to the bounds being
+          deleted/updated in the referenced row. The column marked with
+          <literal>PERIOD</literal> with not be set to a default value.
          </para>
         </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
index c474c08b868..7571401d804 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
@@ -1611,6 +1611,8 @@ DeconstructFkConstraintRow(HeapTuple tuple, int *numfks,
  * That way foreign keys can compare fkattr <@ range_agg(pkattr).
  * intersectoperoid is used by NO ACTION constraints to trim the range being considered
  * to just what was updated/deleted.
+ * intersectprocoid is used to limit the effect of CASCADE/SET NULL/SET DEFAULT
+ * when the PK record is changed with FOR PORTION OF.
  * withoutportionoid is a set-returning function computing
  * the difference between one range and another,
  * returning each result range in a separate row.
@@ -1695,6 +1697,14 @@ FindFKPeriodOpersAndProcs(Oid opclass,
 				errmsg("could not identify a without_overlaps support function for type %s", format_type_be(opcintype)),
 				errhint("Define a without_overlaps support function for operator class \"%d\" for access method \"%s\".",
 						opclass, "gist"));
+	/*
+	 * If the command uses FOR PORTION OF,
+	 * we will also need an intersect support proc.
+	 * If this is missing we don't need to complain here,
+	 * because FOR PORTION OF will not be allowed.
+	 */
+	if (opfamily != InvalidOid && opcintype != InvalidOid)
+		*intersectprocoid = get_opfamily_proc(opfamily, opcintype, opcintype, GIST_INTERSECT_PROC);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
index 9551eec30da..590ff2c42e0 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ static ObjectAddress ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *
 											   Relation rel, Constraint *fkconstraint,
 											   bool recurse, bool recursing,
 											   LOCKMODE lockmode);
-static void validateFkOnDeleteSetColumns(int numfks, const int16 *fkattnums,
+static void validateFkOnDeleteSetColumns(int numfks, const int16 *fkattnums, const int16 fkperiodattnum,
 										 int numfksetcols, const int16 *fksetcolsattnums,
 										 List *fksetcols);
 static ObjectAddress addFkConstraint(addFkConstraintSides fkside,
@@ -9714,6 +9714,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel,
 	int16		fkdelsetcols[INDEX_MAX_KEYS] = {0};
 	bool		with_period;
 	bool		pk_has_without_overlaps;
+	int16		fkperiodattnum = InvalidAttrNumber;
 	int			i;
 	int			numfks,
 				numpks,
@@ -9809,15 +9810,19 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel,
 									 fkconstraint->fk_attrs,
 									 fkattnum, fktypoid, fkcolloid);
 	with_period = fkconstraint->fk_with_period || fkconstraint->pk_with_period;
-	if (with_period && !fkconstraint->fk_with_period)
-		ereport(ERROR,
-				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY),
-				errmsg("foreign key uses PERIOD on the referenced table but not the referencing table"));
+	if (with_period)
+	{
+		if (!fkconstraint->fk_with_period)
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FOREIGN_KEY),
+					errmsg("foreign key uses PERIOD on the referenced table but not the referencing table")));
+		fkperiodattnum = fkattnum[numfks - 1];
+	}
 
 	numfkdelsetcols = transformColumnNameList(RelationGetRelid(rel),
 											  fkconstraint->fk_del_set_cols,
 											  fkdelsetcols, NULL, NULL);
-	validateFkOnDeleteSetColumns(numfks, fkattnum,
+	validateFkOnDeleteSetColumns(numfks, fkattnum, fkperiodattnum,
 								 numfkdelsetcols, fkdelsetcols,
 								 fkconstraint->fk_del_set_cols);
 
@@ -9900,28 +9905,6 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel,
 		}
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Some actions are currently unsupported for foreign keys using PERIOD.
-	 */
-	if (fkconstraint->fk_with_period)
-	{
-		if (fkconstraint->fk_upd_action == FKCONSTR_ACTION_CASCADE ||
-			fkconstraint->fk_upd_action == FKCONSTR_ACTION_SETNULL ||
-			fkconstraint->fk_upd_action == FKCONSTR_ACTION_SETDEFAULT)
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
-					errmsg("unsupported %s action for foreign key constraint using PERIOD",
-						   "ON UPDATE"));
-
-		if (fkconstraint->fk_del_action == FKCONSTR_ACTION_CASCADE ||
-			fkconstraint->fk_del_action == FKCONSTR_ACTION_SETNULL ||
-			fkconstraint->fk_del_action == FKCONSTR_ACTION_SETDEFAULT)
-			ereport(ERROR,
-					errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
-					errmsg("unsupported %s action for foreign key constraint using PERIOD",
-						   "ON DELETE"));
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Look up the equality operators to use in the constraint.
 	 *
@@ -10297,6 +10280,7 @@ ATAddForeignKeyConstraint(List **wqueue, AlteredTableInfo *tab, Relation rel,
  */
 void
 validateFkOnDeleteSetColumns(int numfks, const int16 *fkattnums,
+							 const int16 fkperiodattnum,
 							 int numfksetcols, const int16 *fksetcolsattnums,
 							 List *fksetcols)
 {
@@ -10307,6 +10291,13 @@ validateFkOnDeleteSetColumns(int numfks, const int16 *fkattnums,
 
 		for (int j = 0; j < numfks; j++)
 		{
+			if (fkperiodattnum == setcol_attnum)
+			{
+				char	   *col = strVal(list_nth(fksetcols, i));
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_COLUMN_REFERENCE),
+						 errmsg("column \"%s\" referenced in ON DELETE SET action cannot be PERIOD", col)));
+			}
 			if (fkattnums[j] == setcol_attnum)
 			{
 				seen = true;
@@ -12726,17 +12717,26 @@ createForeignKeyActionTriggers(Relation rel, Oid refRelOid, Constraint *fkconstr
 		case FKCONSTR_ACTION_CASCADE:
 			fk_trigger->deferrable = false;
 			fk_trigger->initdeferred = false;
-			fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_cascade_del");
+			if (fkconstraint->fk_with_period)
+				fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_period_cascade_del");
+			else
+				fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_cascade_del");
 			break;
 		case FKCONSTR_ACTION_SETNULL:
 			fk_trigger->deferrable = false;
 			fk_trigger->initdeferred = false;
-			fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_setnull_del");
+			if (fkconstraint->fk_with_period)
+				fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_period_setnull_del");
+			else
+				fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_setnull_del");
 			break;
 		case FKCONSTR_ACTION_SETDEFAULT:
 			fk_trigger->deferrable = false;
 			fk_trigger->initdeferred = false;
-			fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_setdefault_del");
+			if (fkconstraint->fk_with_period)
+				fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_period_setdefault_del");
+			else
+				fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_setdefault_del");
 			break;
 		default:
 			elog(ERROR, "unrecognized FK action type: %d",
@@ -12787,17 +12787,26 @@ createForeignKeyActionTriggers(Relation rel, Oid refRelOid, Constraint *fkconstr
 		case FKCONSTR_ACTION_CASCADE:
 			fk_trigger->deferrable = false;
 			fk_trigger->initdeferred = false;
-			fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_cascade_upd");
+			if (fkconstraint->fk_with_period)
+				fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_period_cascade_upd");
+			else
+				fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_cascade_upd");
 			break;
 		case FKCONSTR_ACTION_SETNULL:
 			fk_trigger->deferrable = false;
 			fk_trigger->initdeferred = false;
-			fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_setnull_upd");
+			if (fkconstraint->fk_with_period)
+				fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_period_setnull_upd");
+			else
+				fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_setnull_upd");
 			break;
 		case FKCONSTR_ACTION_SETDEFAULT:
 			fk_trigger->deferrable = false;
 			fk_trigger->initdeferred = false;
-			fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_setdefault_upd");
+			if (fkconstraint->fk_with_period)
+				fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_period_setdefault_upd");
+			else
+				fk_trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("RI_FKey_setdefault_upd");
 			break;
 		default:
 			elog(ERROR, "unrecognized FK action type: %d",
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c
index 5c7739a3f2b..177988e3075 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c
@@ -80,6 +80,12 @@
 #define RI_PLAN_SETNULL_ONUPDATE		7
 #define RI_PLAN_SETDEFAULT_ONDELETE		8
 #define RI_PLAN_SETDEFAULT_ONUPDATE		9
+#define RI_PLAN_PERIOD_CASCADE_ONDELETE		10
+#define RI_PLAN_PERIOD_CASCADE_ONUPDATE		11
+#define RI_PLAN_PERIOD_SETNULL_ONUPDATE		12
+#define RI_PLAN_PERIOD_SETNULL_ONDELETE		13
+#define RI_PLAN_PERIOD_SETDEFAULT_ONUPDATE	14
+#define RI_PLAN_PERIOD_SETDEFAULT_ONDELETE	15
 
 #define MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN  (NAMEDATALEN*2+3)
 #define MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN  (MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN*2)
@@ -195,6 +201,7 @@ static bool ri_Check_Pk_Match(Relation pk_rel, Relation fk_rel,
 							  const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo);
 static Datum ri_restrict(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_no_action);
 static Datum ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null, int tgkind);
+static Datum tri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null, int tgkind);
 static void quoteOneName(char *buffer, const char *name);
 static void quoteRelationName(char *buffer, Relation rel);
 static void ri_GenerateQual(StringInfo buf,
@@ -1503,6 +1510,535 @@ ri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null, int tgkind)
 }
 
 
+/*
+ * RI_FKey_period_cascade_del -
+ *
+ * Cascaded delete foreign key references at delete event on temporal PK table.
+ */
+Datum
+RI_FKey_period_cascade_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	TriggerData *trigdata = (TriggerData *) fcinfo->context;
+	const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo;
+	Relation	fk_rel;
+	Relation	pk_rel;
+	TupleTableSlot *oldslot;
+	RI_QueryKey qkey;
+	SPIPlanPtr  qplan;
+	Datum targetRange;
+
+	/* Check that this is a valid trigger call on the right time and event. */
+	ri_CheckTrigger(fcinfo, "RI_FKey_period_cascade_del", RI_TRIGTYPE_DELETE);
+
+	riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigdata->tg_trigger,
+									trigdata->tg_relation, true);
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the relation descriptors of the FK and PK tables and the old tuple.
+	 *
+	 * fk_rel is opened in RowExclusiveLock mode since that's what our
+	 * eventual DELETE will get on it.
+	 */
+	fk_rel = table_open(riinfo->fk_relid, RowExclusiveLock);
+	pk_rel = trigdata->tg_relation;
+	oldslot = trigdata->tg_trigslot;
+
+	/*
+	 * Don't delete than more than the PK's duration,
+	 * trimmed by an original FOR PORTION OF if necessary.
+	 */
+	targetRange = restrict_enforced_range(trigdata->tg_temporal, riinfo, oldslot);
+
+	if (SPI_connect() != SPI_OK_CONNECT)
+		elog(ERROR, "SPI_connect failed");
+
+	/* Fetch or prepare a saved plan for the cascaded delete */
+	ri_BuildQueryKey(&qkey, riinfo, RI_PLAN_PERIOD_CASCADE_ONDELETE);
+
+	if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL)
+	{
+		StringInfoData querybuf;
+		char		fkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN];
+		char		attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN];
+		char		paramname[16];
+		const char *querysep;
+		Oid			queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS + 1];
+		const char *fk_only;
+
+		/* ----------
+		 * The query string built is
+		 *  DELETE FROM [ONLY] <fktable>
+		 *  FOR PORTION OF $fkatt (${n+1})
+		 *  WHERE $1 = fkatt1 [AND ...]
+		 * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the
+		 * corresponding PK attributes.
+		 * ----------
+		 */
+		initStringInfo(&querybuf);
+		fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ?
+			"" : "ONLY ";
+		quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel);
+		quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]));
+
+		appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "DELETE FROM %s%s FOR PORTION OF %s ($%d)",
+						 fk_only, fkrelname, attname, riinfo->nkeys + 1);
+		querysep = "WHERE";
+		for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++)
+		{
+			Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]);
+			Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]);
+			Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]);
+			Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]);
+
+			quoteOneName(attname,
+						 RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]));
+			sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1);
+			ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, querysep,
+							paramname, pk_type,
+							riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i],
+							attname, fk_type);
+			if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll))
+				ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll);
+			querysep = "AND";
+			queryoids[i] = pk_type;
+		}
+
+		/* Set a param for FOR PORTION OF TO/FROM */
+		queryoids[riinfo->nkeys] = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]);
+
+		/* Prepare and save the plan */
+		qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys + 1, queryoids,
+							 &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We have a plan now. Build up the arguments from the key values in the
+	 * deleted PK tuple and delete the referencing rows
+	 */
+	ri_PerformCheck(riinfo, &qkey, qplan,
+					fk_rel, pk_rel,
+					oldslot, NULL,
+					riinfo->nkeys + 1, targetRange,
+					true,	   /* must detect new rows */
+					SPI_OK_DELETE);
+
+	if (SPI_finish() != SPI_OK_FINISH)
+		elog(ERROR, "SPI_finish failed");
+
+	table_close(fk_rel, RowExclusiveLock);
+
+	return PointerGetDatum(NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * RI_FKey_period_cascade_upd -
+ *
+ * Cascaded update foreign key references at update event on temporal PK table.
+ */
+Datum
+RI_FKey_period_cascade_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	TriggerData *trigdata = (TriggerData *) fcinfo->context;
+	const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo;
+	Relation	fk_rel;
+	Relation	pk_rel;
+	TupleTableSlot *oldslot;
+	TupleTableSlot *newslot;
+	RI_QueryKey qkey;
+	SPIPlanPtr  qplan;
+	Datum targetRange;
+
+	/* Check that this is a valid trigger call on the right time and event. */
+	ri_CheckTrigger(fcinfo, "RI_FKey_period_cascade_upd", RI_TRIGTYPE_UPDATE);
+
+	riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigdata->tg_trigger,
+									trigdata->tg_relation, true);
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the relation descriptors of the FK and PK tables and the new and
+	 * old tuple.
+	 *
+	 * fk_rel is opened in RowExclusiveLock mode since that's what our
+	 * eventual UPDATE will get on it.
+	 */
+	fk_rel = table_open(riinfo->fk_relid, RowExclusiveLock);
+	pk_rel = trigdata->tg_relation;
+	newslot = trigdata->tg_newslot;
+	oldslot = trigdata->tg_trigslot;
+
+	/*
+	 * Don't delete than more than the PK's duration,
+	 * trimmed by an original FOR PORTION OF if necessary.
+	 */
+	targetRange = restrict_enforced_range(trigdata->tg_temporal, riinfo, oldslot);
+
+	if (SPI_connect() != SPI_OK_CONNECT)
+		elog(ERROR, "SPI_connect failed");
+
+	/* Fetch or prepare a saved plan for the cascaded update */
+	ri_BuildQueryKey(&qkey, riinfo, RI_PLAN_PERIOD_CASCADE_ONUPDATE);
+
+	if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL)
+	{
+		StringInfoData querybuf;
+		StringInfoData qualbuf;
+		char		fkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN];
+		char		attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN];
+		char		paramname[16];
+		const char *querysep;
+		const char *qualsep;
+		Oid		 queryoids[2 * RI_MAX_NUMKEYS + 1];
+		const char *fk_only;
+
+		/* ----------
+		 * The query string built is
+		 *  UPDATE [ONLY] <fktable>
+		 *		  FOR PORTION OF $fkatt (${2n+1})
+		 *		  SET fkatt1 = $1, [, ...]
+		 *		  WHERE $n = fkatt1 [AND ...]
+		 * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the
+		 * corresponding PK attributes.  Note that we are assuming
+		 * there is an assignment cast from the PK to the FK type;
+		 * else the parser will fail.
+		 * ----------
+		 */
+		initStringInfo(&querybuf);
+		initStringInfo(&qualbuf);
+		fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ?
+			"" : "ONLY ";
+		quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel);
+		quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]));
+
+		appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "UPDATE %s%s FOR PORTION OF %s ($%d) SET",
+						 fk_only, fkrelname, attname, 2 * riinfo->nkeys + 1);
+
+		querysep = "";
+		qualsep = "WHERE";
+		for (int i = 0, j = riinfo->nkeys; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++, j++)
+		{
+			Oid pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]);
+			Oid pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]);
+			Oid fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]);
+			Oid fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]);
+
+			quoteOneName(attname,
+						 RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]));
+			/*
+			 * Don't set the temporal column(s).
+			 * FOR PORTION OF will take care of that.
+			 */
+			if (i < riinfo->nkeys - 1)
+				appendStringInfo(&querybuf,
+								 "%s %s = $%d",
+								 querysep, attname, i + 1);
+
+			sprintf(paramname, "$%d", j + 1);
+			ri_GenerateQual(&qualbuf, qualsep,
+							paramname, pk_type,
+							riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i],
+							attname, fk_type);
+			if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll))
+				ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll);
+			querysep = ",";
+			qualsep = "AND";
+			queryoids[i] = pk_type;
+			queryoids[j] = pk_type;
+		}
+		appendBinaryStringInfo(&querybuf, qualbuf.data, qualbuf.len);
+
+		/* Set a param for FOR PORTION OF TO/FROM */
+		queryoids[2 * riinfo->nkeys] = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]);
+
+		/* Prepare and save the plan */
+		qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, 2 * riinfo->nkeys + 1, queryoids,
+							 &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We have a plan now. Run it to update the existing references.
+	 */
+	ri_PerformCheck(riinfo, &qkey, qplan,
+					fk_rel, pk_rel,
+					oldslot, newslot,
+					riinfo->nkeys * 2 + 1, targetRange,
+					true,		/* must detect new rows */
+					SPI_OK_UPDATE);
+
+	if (SPI_finish() != SPI_OK_FINISH)
+		elog(ERROR, "SPI_finish failed");
+
+	table_close(fk_rel, RowExclusiveLock);
+
+	return PointerGetDatum(NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * RI_FKey_period_setnull_del -
+ *
+ * Set foreign key references to NULL values at delete event on PK table.
+ */
+Datum
+RI_FKey_period_setnull_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	/* Check that this is a valid trigger call on the right time and event. */
+	ri_CheckTrigger(fcinfo, "RI_FKey_period_setnull_del", RI_TRIGTYPE_DELETE);
+
+	/* Share code with UPDATE case */
+	return tri_set((TriggerData *) fcinfo->context, true, RI_TRIGTYPE_DELETE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * RI_FKey_period_setnull_upd -
+ *
+ * Set foreign key references to NULL at update event on PK table.
+ */
+Datum
+RI_FKey_period_setnull_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	/* Check that this is a valid trigger call on the right time and event. */
+	ri_CheckTrigger(fcinfo, "RI_FKey_period_setnull_upd", RI_TRIGTYPE_UPDATE);
+
+	/* Share code with DELETE case */
+	return tri_set((TriggerData *) fcinfo->context, true, RI_TRIGTYPE_UPDATE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * RI_FKey_period_setdefault_del -
+ *
+ * Set foreign key references to defaults at delete event on PK table.
+ */
+Datum
+RI_FKey_period_setdefault_del(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	/* Check that this is a valid trigger call on the right time and event. */
+	ri_CheckTrigger(fcinfo, "RI_FKey_period_setdefault_del", RI_TRIGTYPE_DELETE);
+
+	/* Share code with UPDATE case */
+	return tri_set((TriggerData *) fcinfo->context, false, RI_TRIGTYPE_DELETE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * RI_FKey_period_setdefault_upd -
+ *
+ * Set foreign key references to defaults at update event on PK table.
+ */
+Datum
+RI_FKey_period_setdefault_upd(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	/* Check that this is a valid trigger call on the right time and event. */
+	ri_CheckTrigger(fcinfo, "RI_FKey_period_setdefault_upd", RI_TRIGTYPE_UPDATE);
+
+	/* Share code with DELETE case */
+	return tri_set((TriggerData *) fcinfo->context, false, RI_TRIGTYPE_UPDATE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * tri_set -
+ *
+ * Common code for temporal ON DELETE SET NULL, ON DELETE SET DEFAULT, ON
+ * UPDATE SET NULL, and ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT.
+ */
+static Datum
+tri_set(TriggerData *trigdata, bool is_set_null, int tgkind)
+{
+	const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo;
+	Relation	fk_rel;
+	Relation	pk_rel;
+	TupleTableSlot *oldslot;
+	RI_QueryKey qkey;
+	SPIPlanPtr	qplan;
+	Datum		targetRange;
+	int32		queryno;
+
+	riinfo = ri_FetchConstraintInfo(trigdata->tg_trigger,
+									trigdata->tg_relation, true);
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the relation descriptors of the FK and PK tables and the old tuple.
+	 *
+	 * fk_rel is opened in RowExclusiveLock mode since that's what our
+	 * eventual UPDATE will get on it.
+	 */
+	fk_rel = table_open(riinfo->fk_relid, RowExclusiveLock);
+	pk_rel = trigdata->tg_relation;
+	oldslot = trigdata->tg_trigslot;
+
+	/*
+	 * Don't SET NULL/DEFAULT more than the PK's duration,
+	 * trimmed by an original FOR PORTION OF if necessary.
+	 */
+	targetRange = restrict_enforced_range(trigdata->tg_temporal, riinfo, oldslot);
+
+	if (SPI_connect() != SPI_OK_CONNECT)
+		elog(ERROR, "SPI_connect failed");
+
+	/*
+	 * Fetch or prepare a saved plan for the trigger.
+	 */
+	switch (tgkind)
+	{
+		case RI_TRIGTYPE_UPDATE:
+			queryno = is_set_null
+				? RI_PLAN_PERIOD_SETNULL_ONUPDATE
+				: RI_PLAN_PERIOD_SETDEFAULT_ONUPDATE;
+			break;
+		case RI_TRIGTYPE_DELETE:
+			queryno = is_set_null
+				? RI_PLAN_PERIOD_SETNULL_ONDELETE
+				: RI_PLAN_PERIOD_SETDEFAULT_ONDELETE;
+			break;
+		default:
+			elog(ERROR, "invalid tgkind passed to ri_set");
+	}
+
+	ri_BuildQueryKey(&qkey, riinfo, queryno);
+
+	if ((qplan = ri_FetchPreparedPlan(&qkey)) == NULL)
+	{
+		StringInfoData querybuf;
+		StringInfoData qualbuf;
+		char		fkrelname[MAX_QUOTED_REL_NAME_LEN];
+		char		attname[MAX_QUOTED_NAME_LEN];
+		char		paramname[16];
+		const char *querysep;
+		const char *qualsep;
+		Oid			queryoids[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS + 1]; /* +1 for FOR PORTION OF */
+		const char *fk_only;
+		int			num_cols_to_set;
+		const int16 *set_cols;
+
+		switch (tgkind)
+		{
+			case RI_TRIGTYPE_UPDATE:
+				/* -1 so we let FOR PORTION OF set the range. */
+				num_cols_to_set = riinfo->nkeys - 1;
+				set_cols = riinfo->fk_attnums;
+				break;
+			case RI_TRIGTYPE_DELETE:
+				/*
+				 * If confdelsetcols are present, then we only update the
+				 * columns specified in that array, otherwise we update all
+				 * the referencing columns.
+				 */
+				if (riinfo->ndelsetcols != 0)
+				{
+					num_cols_to_set = riinfo->ndelsetcols;
+					set_cols = riinfo->confdelsetcols;
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					/* -1 so we let FOR PORTION OF set the range. */
+					num_cols_to_set = riinfo->nkeys - 1;
+					set_cols = riinfo->fk_attnums;
+				}
+				break;
+			default:
+				elog(ERROR, "invalid tgkind passed to ri_set");
+		}
+
+		/* ----------
+		 * The query string built is
+		 *	UPDATE [ONLY] <fktable>
+		 *			FOR PORTION OF $fkatt (${n+1})
+		 *			SET fkatt1 = {NULL|DEFAULT} [, ...]
+		 *			WHERE $1 = fkatt1 [AND ...]
+		 * The type id's for the $ parameters are those of the
+		 * corresponding PK attributes.
+		 * ----------
+		 */
+		initStringInfo(&querybuf);
+		initStringInfo(&qualbuf);
+		fk_only = fk_rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ?
+			"" : "ONLY ";
+		quoteRelationName(fkrelname, fk_rel);
+		quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]));
+
+		appendStringInfo(&querybuf, "UPDATE %s%s FOR PORTION OF %s ($%d) SET",
+						 fk_only, fkrelname, attname, riinfo->nkeys + 1);
+
+		/*
+		 * Add assignment clauses
+		 */
+		querysep = "";
+		for (int i = 0; i < num_cols_to_set; i++)
+		{
+			quoteOneName(attname, RIAttName(fk_rel, set_cols[i]));
+			appendStringInfo(&querybuf,
+							 "%s %s = %s",
+							 querysep, attname,
+							 is_set_null ? "NULL" : "DEFAULT");
+			querysep = ",";
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Add WHERE clause
+		 */
+		qualsep = "WHERE";
+		for (int i = 0; i < riinfo->nkeys; i++)
+		{
+			Oid	pk_type = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]);
+			Oid	fk_type = RIAttType(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]);
+			Oid	pk_coll = RIAttCollation(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[i]);
+			Oid	fk_coll = RIAttCollation(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]);
+
+			quoteOneName(attname,
+						 RIAttName(fk_rel, riinfo->fk_attnums[i]));
+
+			sprintf(paramname, "$%d", i + 1);
+			ri_GenerateQual(&querybuf, qualsep,
+							paramname, pk_type,
+							riinfo->pf_eq_oprs[i],
+							attname, fk_type);
+			if (pk_coll != fk_coll && !get_collation_isdeterministic(pk_coll))
+				ri_GenerateQualCollation(&querybuf, pk_coll);
+			qualsep = "AND";
+			queryoids[i] = pk_type;
+		}
+
+		/* Set a param for FOR PORTION OF TO/FROM */
+		queryoids[riinfo->nkeys] = RIAttType(pk_rel, riinfo->pk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1]);
+
+		/* Prepare and save the plan */
+		qplan = ri_PlanCheck(querybuf.data, riinfo->nkeys + 1, queryoids,
+							 &qkey, fk_rel, pk_rel);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We have a plan now. Run it to update the existing references.
+	 */
+	ri_PerformCheck(riinfo, &qkey, qplan,
+					fk_rel, pk_rel,
+					oldslot, NULL,
+					riinfo->nkeys + 1, targetRange,
+					true,		/* must detect new rows */
+					SPI_OK_UPDATE);
+
+	if (SPI_finish() != SPI_OK_FINISH)
+		elog(ERROR, "SPI_finish failed");
+
+	table_close(fk_rel, RowExclusiveLock);
+
+	if (is_set_null)
+		return PointerGetDatum(NULL);
+	else
+	{
+		/*
+		 * If we just deleted or updated the PK row whose key was equal to the
+		 * FK columns' default values, and a referencing row exists in the FK
+		 * table, we would have updated that row to the same values it already
+		 * had --- and RI_FKey_fk_upd_check_required would hence believe no
+		 * check is necessary.  So we need to do another lookup now and in
+		 * case a reference still exists, abort the operation.  That is
+		 * already implemented in the NO ACTION trigger, so just run it. (This
+		 * recheck is only needed in the SET DEFAULT case, since CASCADE would
+		 * remove such rows in case of a DELETE operation or would change the
+		 * FK key values in case of an UPDATE, while SET NULL is certain to
+		 * result in rows that satisfy the FK constraint.)
+		 */
+		return ri_restrict(trigdata, true);
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * RI_FKey_pk_upd_check_required -
  *
@@ -2631,8 +3167,8 @@ ri_PerformCheck(const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo,
 	int			spi_result;
 	Oid			save_userid;
 	int			save_sec_context;
-	Datum		vals[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS * 2];
-	char		nulls[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS * 2];
+	Datum		vals[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS * 2 + 1];
+	char		nulls[RI_MAX_NUMKEYS * 2 + 1];
 
 	/*
 	 * Use the query type code to determine whether the query is run against
@@ -2667,8 +3203,10 @@ ri_PerformCheck(const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo,
 		ri_ExtractValues(source_rel, newslot, riinfo, source_is_pk,
 						 vals, nulls);
 		if (oldslot)
+		{
 			ri_ExtractValues(source_rel, oldslot, riinfo, source_is_pk,
 							 vals + riinfo->nkeys, nulls + riinfo->nkeys);
+		}
 	}
 	else
 	{
@@ -3352,6 +3890,12 @@ RI_FKey_trigger_type(Oid tgfoid)
 		case F_RI_FKEY_SETDEFAULT_UPD:
 		case F_RI_FKEY_NOACTION_DEL:
 		case F_RI_FKEY_NOACTION_UPD:
+		case F_RI_FKEY_PERIOD_CASCADE_DEL:
+		case F_RI_FKEY_PERIOD_CASCADE_UPD:
+		case F_RI_FKEY_PERIOD_SETNULL_DEL:
+		case F_RI_FKEY_PERIOD_SETNULL_UPD:
+		case F_RI_FKEY_PERIOD_SETDEFAULT_DEL:
+		case F_RI_FKEY_PERIOD_SETDEFAULT_UPD:
 			return RI_TRIGGER_PK;
 
 		case F_RI_FKEY_CHECK_INS:
@@ -3383,16 +3927,16 @@ fpo_targets_pk_range(const ForPortionOfState *tg_temporal, const RI_ConstraintIn
  * Returns a Datum of RangeTypeP holding the appropriate timespan
  * to target child records when we RESTRICT/CASCADE/SET NULL/SET DEFAULT.
  *
- * In a normal UPDATE/DELETE this should be the parent's own valid time,
+ * In a normal UPDATE/DELETE this should be the referenced row's own valid time,
  * but if there was a FOR PORTION OF clause, then we should use that to
- * trim down the parent's span further.
+ * trim down the span further.
  */
 static Datum
 restrict_enforced_range(const ForPortionOfState *tg_temporal, const RI_ConstraintInfo *riinfo, TupleTableSlot *oldslot)
 {
-	Datum		pkRecordRange;
-	bool		isnull;
-	AttrNumber	attno = riinfo->pk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1];
+	Datum	pkRecordRange;
+	bool	isnull;
+	int		attno = riinfo->pk_attnums[riinfo->nkeys - 1];
 
 	pkRecordRange = slot_getattr(oldslot, attno, &isnull);
 	if (isnull)
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
index 4139df94c9b..60a8c5d7e10 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
@@ -4039,6 +4039,28 @@
   prorettype => 'trigger', proargtypes => '',
   prosrc => 'RI_FKey_noaction_upd' },
 
+# Temporal referential integrity constraint triggers
+{ oid => '6124', descr => 'temporal referential integrity ON DELETE CASCADE',
+  proname => 'RI_FKey_period_cascade_del', provolatile => 'v', prorettype => 'trigger',
+  proargtypes => '', prosrc => 'RI_FKey_period_cascade_del' },
+{ oid => '6125', descr => 'temporal referential integrity ON UPDATE CASCADE',
+  proname => 'RI_FKey_period_cascade_upd', provolatile => 'v', prorettype => 'trigger',
+  proargtypes => '', prosrc => 'RI_FKey_period_cascade_upd' },
+{ oid => '6128', descr => 'temporal referential integrity ON DELETE SET NULL',
+  proname => 'RI_FKey_period_setnull_del', provolatile => 'v', prorettype => 'trigger',
+  proargtypes => '', prosrc => 'RI_FKey_period_setnull_del' },
+{ oid => '6129', descr => 'temporal referential integrity ON UPDATE SET NULL',
+  proname => 'RI_FKey_period_setnull_upd', provolatile => 'v', prorettype => 'trigger',
+  proargtypes => '', prosrc => 'RI_FKey_period_setnull_upd' },
+{ oid => '6130', descr => 'temporal referential integrity ON DELETE SET DEFAULT',
+  proname => 'RI_FKey_period_setdefault_del', provolatile => 'v',
+  prorettype => 'trigger', proargtypes => '',
+  prosrc => 'RI_FKey_period_setdefault_del' },
+{ oid => '6131', descr => 'temporal referential integrity ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT',
+  proname => 'RI_FKey_period_setdefault_upd', provolatile => 'v',
+  prorettype => 'trigger', proargtypes => '',
+  prosrc => 'RI_FKey_period_setdefault_upd' },
+
 { oid => '1666',
   proname => 'varbiteq', proleakproof => 't', prorettype => 'bool',
   proargtypes => 'varbit varbit', prosrc => 'biteq' },
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/btree_index.out b/src/test/regress/expected/btree_index.out
index def78ef8583..d669a3a89ba 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/btree_index.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/btree_index.out
@@ -258,14 +258,17 @@ select proname from pg_proc where proname like E'RI\\_FKey%del' order by 1;
 (3 rows)
 
 select proname from pg_proc where proname like E'RI\\_FKey%del' order by 1;
-        proname         
-------------------------
+            proname            
+-------------------------------
  RI_FKey_cascade_del
  RI_FKey_noaction_del
+ RI_FKey_period_cascade_del
+ RI_FKey_period_setdefault_del
+ RI_FKey_period_setnull_del
  RI_FKey_restrict_del
  RI_FKey_setdefault_del
  RI_FKey_setnull_del
-(5 rows)
+(8 rows)
 
 explain (costs off)
 select proname from pg_proc where proname ilike '00%foo' order by 1;
@@ -304,14 +307,17 @@ select proname from pg_proc where proname like E'RI\\_FKey%del' order by 1;
 (6 rows)
 
 select proname from pg_proc where proname like E'RI\\_FKey%del' order by 1;
-        proname         
-------------------------
+            proname            
+-------------------------------
  RI_FKey_cascade_del
  RI_FKey_noaction_del
+ RI_FKey_period_cascade_del
+ RI_FKey_period_setdefault_del
+ RI_FKey_period_setnull_del
  RI_FKey_restrict_del
  RI_FKey_setdefault_del
  RI_FKey_setnull_del
-(5 rows)
+(8 rows)
 
 explain (costs off)
 select proname from pg_proc where proname ilike '00%foo' order by 1;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out b/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out
index ed9a7d79c16..202e9af4962 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 --
 -- We leave behind several tables to test pg_dump etc:
 -- temporal_rng, temporal_rng2,
--- temporal_fk_rng2rng.
+-- temporal_fk_rng2rng, temporal_fk2_rng2rng.
 SET datestyle TO ISO, YMD;
 --
 -- test input parser
@@ -2018,12 +2018,22 @@ FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-05' TO '2018-01-10'
 WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-03,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
+SELECT * FROM temporal_rng WHERE id in ('[5,6)', '[7,8)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         
+-------+-------------------------
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-01,2018-01-02)
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-03,2018-02-01)
+(2 rows)
+
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [3,4) | [2018-01-05,2018-01-10) | [5,6)
+(1 row)
+
 -- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK delete succeeds:
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
--- clean up:
-DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE parent_id = '[5,6)';
-DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id IN ('[5,6)');
 --
 -- test FK referenced deletes RESTRICT
 --
@@ -2075,39 +2085,206 @@ FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-05' TO '2018-01-10'
 WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 ERROR:  update or delete on table "temporal_rng" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk" on table "temporal_fk_rng2rng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-03,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_fk_rng2rng".
+SELECT * FROM temporal_rng WHERE id in ('[5,6)', '[7,8)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         
+-------+-------------------------
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-01,2018-01-02)
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-03,2018-02-01)
+(2 rows)
+
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [3,4) | [2018-01-05,2018-01-10) | [5,6)
+(1 row)
+
 -- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK delete succeeds:
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
--- clean up:
-DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE parent_id = '[5,6)';
-DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id IN ('[5,6)');
 --
 -- rng2rng test ON UPDATE/DELETE options
 --
+-- TOC:
+-- referenced updates CASCADE
+-- referenced deletes CASCADE
+-- referenced updates SET NULL
+-- referenced deletes SET NULL
+-- referenced updates SET DEFAULT
+-- referenced deletes SET DEFAULT
+-- referenced updates CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced updates SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols, SET NULL subset)
+-- referenced updates SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols, SET DEFAULT subset)
+--
 -- test FK referenced updates CASCADE
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng, temporal_fk_rng2rng;
 INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[4,5)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_rng2rng
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk,
   ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_rng
     ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
-ERROR:  unsupported ON UPDATE action for foreign key constraint using PERIOD
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [7,8)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [7,8)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [7,8)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [7,8)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[9,10)' WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [200,201) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) | [9,10)
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes CASCADE
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng, temporal_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+ id | valid_at | parent_id 
+----+----------+-----------
+(0 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)
+(1 row)
+
+--
 -- test FK referenced updates SET NULL
-INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[9,10)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[9,10)');
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng, temporal_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_rng2rng
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk,
   ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_rng
     ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL;
-ERROR:  unsupported ON UPDATE action for foreign key constraint using PERIOD
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | 
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | 
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | 
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | 
+(3 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[9,10)' WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [200,201) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) | 
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET NULL
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng, temporal_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | 
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | 
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | 
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | 
+(3 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [200,201) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) | 
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
 -- test FK referenced updates SET DEFAULT
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng, temporal_fk_rng2rng;
 INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', daterange(null, null));
-INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[12,13)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[12,13)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_rng2rng
   ALTER COLUMN parent_id SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk,
@@ -2115,7 +2292,432 @@ ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_rng2rng
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_rng
     ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
-ERROR:  unsupported ON UPDATE action for foreign key constraint using PERIOD
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [-1,0)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[9,10)' WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [200,201) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng, temporal_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [-1,0)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [200,201) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [7,8)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [7,8)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [7,8)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [7,8)      | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 SET id1 = '[9,10)' WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) | [9,10)     | [8,9)
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+ id | valid_at | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+----+----------+------------+------------
+(0 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(1 row)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) |            | 
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) |            | 
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) |            | 
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) |            | 
+(3 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 SET id1 = '[9,10)' WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) |            | 
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) |            | 
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) |            | 
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) |            | 
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) |            | 
+(3 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) |            | 
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols, SET NULL subset)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- fails because you can't set the PERIOD column:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE SET NULL (valid_at) ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+ERROR:  column "valid_at" referenced in ON DELETE SET action cannot be PERIOD
+-- ok:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE SET NULL (parent_id1) ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) |            | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) |            | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) |            | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) |            | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) |            | [8,9)
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[-1,-1]', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id1 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id2 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id1 = '[7,8)', id2 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 SET id1 = '[7,8)', id2 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 SET id1 = '[9,10)', id2 = '[9,10)' WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[-1,-1]', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols, SET DEFAULT subset)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[6,7)', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- fails because you can't set the PERIOD column:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id1 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT (valid_at) ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+ERROR:  column "valid_at" referenced in ON DELETE SET action cannot be PERIOD
+-- ok:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id1 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT (parent_id1) ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[8,9)', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |        valid_at         | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+-------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) | [-1,0)     | [8,9)
+ [200,201) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
 --
 -- test FOREIGN KEY, multirange references multirange
 --
@@ -2678,6 +3280,625 @@ DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), {[2018-01-01,2018-01-02),[2018-01-03,2018-02
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 --
+-- mltrng2mltrng test ON UPDATE/DELETE options
+--
+-- TOC:
+-- referenced updates CASCADE
+-- referenced deletes CASCADE
+-- referenced updates SET NULL
+-- referenced deletes SET NULL
+-- referenced updates SET DEFAULT
+-- referenced deletes SET DEFAULT
+-- referenced updates CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced updates SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols, SET NULL subset)
+-- referenced updates SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols, SET DEFAULT subset)
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates CASCADE
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng, temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng
+    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [7,8)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [7,8)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [7,8)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[9,10)' WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------+-----------
+ [200,201) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | [9,10)
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes CASCADE
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng, temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)
+(1 row)
+
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+ id | valid_at | parent_id 
+----+----------+-----------
+(0 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------+-----------
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)
+(1 row)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates SET NULL
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng, temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng
+    ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | 
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | 
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | 
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[9,10)' WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------+-----------
+ [200,201) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | 
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET NULL
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng, temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | 
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | 
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | 
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------+-----------
+ [200,201) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | 
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates SET DEFAULT
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng, temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [-1,0)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [-1,0)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[9,10)' WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------+-----------
+ [200,201) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | [-1,0)
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng, temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [-1,0)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [-1,0)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id 
+-----------+---------------------------+-----------
+ [200,201) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | [-1,0)
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [7,8)      | [6,7)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [7,8)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [7,8)      | [6,7)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 SET id1 = '[9,10)' WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | [9,10)     | [8,9)
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+(1 row)
+
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+ id | valid_at | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+----+----------+------------+------------
+(0 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(1 row)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         |            | 
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} |            | 
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         |            | 
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 SET id1 = '[9,10)' WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} |            | 
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         |            | 
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} |            | 
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         |            | 
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} |            | 
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols, SET NULL subset)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- fails because you can't set the PERIOD column:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE SET NULL (valid_at) ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+ERROR:  column "valid_at" referenced in ON DELETE SET action cannot be PERIOD
+-- ok:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE SET NULL (parent_id1) ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         |            | [6,7)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} |            | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         |            | [6,7)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} |            | [8,9)
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[-1,-1]', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id1 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id2 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id1 = '[7,8)', id2 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 SET id1 = '[7,8)', id2 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 SET id1 = '[9,10)', id2 = '[9,10)' WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[-1,-1]', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | [-1,0)     | [-1,0)
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols, SET DEFAULT subset)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- fails because you can't set the PERIOD column:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id1 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT (valid_at) ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+ERROR:  column "valid_at" referenced in ON DELETE SET action cannot be PERIOD
+-- ok:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id1 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT (parent_id1) ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)      | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [-1,0)     | [6,7)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- non-FPO update:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |                     valid_at                      | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------+------------+------------
+ [100,101) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [-1,0)     | [6,7)
+ [100,101) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [-1,0)     | [6,7)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+    id     |         valid_at          | parent_id1 | parent_id2 
+-----------+---------------------------+------------+------------
+ [200,201) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | [-1,0)     | [8,9)
+ [200,201) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)      | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+-- FK with a custom range type
+CREATE TYPE mydaterange AS range(subtype=date);
+CREATE TABLE temporal_rng3 (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at mydaterange,
+  CONSTRAINT temporal_rng3_pk PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+);
+CREATE TABLE temporal_fk3_rng2rng (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at mydaterange,
+  parent_id int4range,
+  CONSTRAINT temporal_fk3_rng2rng_pk PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS),
+  CONSTRAINT temporal_fk3_rng2rng_fk FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng3 (id, PERIOD valid_at) ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng3 (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', mydaterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk3_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[5,6)', mydaterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng3 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk3_rng2rng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [8,9)
+ [5,6) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+DROP TABLE temporal_fk3_rng2rng;
+DROP TABLE temporal_rng3;
+DROP TYPE mydaterange;
+--
 -- FK between partitioned tables: ranges
 --
 CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned_rng (
@@ -2686,8 +3907,8 @@ CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned_rng (
   name text,
   CONSTRAINT temporal_paritioned_rng_pk PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
 ) PARTITION BY LIST (id);
-CREATE TABLE tp1 partition OF temporal_partitioned_rng FOR VALUES IN ('[1,2)', '[3,4)', '[5,6)', '[7,8)', '[9,10)', '[11,12)');
-CREATE TABLE tp2 partition OF temporal_partitioned_rng FOR VALUES IN ('[2,3)', '[4,5)', '[6,7)', '[8,9)', '[10,11)', '[12,13)');
+CREATE TABLE tp1 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned_rng FOR VALUES IN ('[1,2)', '[3,4)', '[5,6)', '[7,8)', '[9,10)', '[11,12)', '[13,14)', '[15,16)', '[17,18)', '[19,20)', '[21,22)', '[23,24)');
+CREATE TABLE tp2 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned_rng FOR VALUES IN ('[0,1)', '[2,3)', '[4,5)', '[6,7)', '[8,9)', '[10,11)', '[12,13)', '[14,15)', '[16,17)', '[18,19)', '[20,21)', '[22,23)', '[24,25)');
 INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at, name) VALUES
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2000-02-01'), 'one'),
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-02-01', '2000-03-01'), 'one'),
@@ -2700,8 +3921,8 @@ CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (
   CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_rng (id, PERIOD valid_at)
 ) PARTITION BY LIST (id);
-CREATE TABLE tfkp1 partition OF temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng FOR VALUES IN ('[1,2)', '[3,4)', '[5,6)', '[7,8)', '[9,10)', '[11,12)');
-CREATE TABLE tfkp2 partition OF temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng FOR VALUES IN ('[2,3)', '[4,5)', '[6,7)', '[8,9)', '[10,11)', '[12,13)');
+CREATE TABLE tfkp1 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng FOR VALUES IN ('[1,2)', '[3,4)', '[5,6)', '[7,8)', '[9,10)', '[11,12)', '[13,14)', '[15,16)', '[17,18)', '[19,20)', '[21,22)', '[23,24)');
+CREATE TABLE tfkp2 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng FOR VALUES IN ('[0,1)', '[2,3)', '[4,5)', '[6,7)', '[8,9)', '[10,11)', '[12,13)', '[14,15)', '[16,17)', '[18,19)', '[20,21)', '[22,23)', '[24,25)');
 --
 -- partitioned FK referencing inserts
 --
@@ -2743,7 +3964,7 @@ UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-02-01', '2016-03-
 -- should fail:
 UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-01-01', '2016-02-01')
   WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
-ERROR:  update or delete on table "tp1" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_parent_id_valid_at_fkey" on table "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng"
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "tp1" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_parent_id_valid_at_fkey1" on table "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-01,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng".
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes NO ACTION
@@ -2755,7 +3976,7 @@ INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[
 DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01');
 -- should fail:
 DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
-ERROR:  update or delete on table "tp1" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_parent_id_valid_at_fkey" on table "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng"
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "tp1" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_parent_id_valid_at_fkey1" on table "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-01,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng".
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates RESTRICT
@@ -2777,7 +3998,7 @@ UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-02-01', '2016-03-
 -- should fail:
 UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET valid_at = daterange('2016-01-01', '2016-02-01')
   WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
-ERROR:  update or delete on table "tp1" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_parent_id_valid_at_fkey" on table "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng"
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "tp1" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_parent_id_valid_at_fkey1" on table "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-01,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng".
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes RESTRICT
@@ -2789,37 +4010,162 @@ INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[
 DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-02-01', '2018-03-01');
 -- should fail:
 DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
-ERROR:  update or delete on table "tp1" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_parent_id_valid_at_fkey" on table "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng"
+ERROR:  update or delete on table "tp1" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_parent_id_valid_at_fkey1" on table "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng"
 DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), [2018-01-01,2018-02-01)) is still referenced from table "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng".
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates CASCADE
 --
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_rng, temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[4,5)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk,
   ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_rng
     ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
-ERROR:  unsupported ON UPDATE action for foreign key constraint using PERIOD
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [4,5) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [7,8)
+ [4,5) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [6,7)
+ [4,5) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [6,7)
+(3 rows)
+
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [4,5) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | [7,8)
+ [4,5) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [7,8)
+ [4,5) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [7,8)
+(3 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[15,16)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[15,16)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[10,11)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[15,16)');
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET id = '[16,17)' WHERE id = '[15,16)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[10,11)';
+   id    |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+---------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [10,11) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) | [16,17)
+ [10,11) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [15,16)
+(2 rows)
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes CASCADE
 --
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_rng, temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[5,6)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [5,6) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [8,9)
+ [5,6) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [8,9)
+(2 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ id | valid_at | parent_id 
+----+----------+-----------
+(0 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[17,18)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[17,18)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[11,12)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[17,18)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[17,18)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[11,12)';
+   id    |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+---------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [11,12) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [17,18)
+(1 row)
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates SET NULL
 --
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_rng, temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[9,10)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[9,10)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk,
   ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_rng
     ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL;
-ERROR:  unsupported ON UPDATE action for foreign key constraint using PERIOD
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id = '[10,11)' WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [6,7) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | 
+ [6,7) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [9,10)
+ [6,7) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [9,10)
+(3 rows)
+
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET id = '[10,11)' WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [6,7) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | 
+ [6,7) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | 
+ [6,7) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | 
+(3 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[18,19)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[18,19)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[12,13)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[18,19)');
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET id = '[19,20)' WHERE id = '[18,19)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[12,13)';
+   id    |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+---------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [12,13) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) | 
+ [12,13) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [18,19)
+(2 rows)
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes SET NULL
 --
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_rng, temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[11,12)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[7,8)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[11,12)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[11,12)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[7,8)';
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [7,8) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | 
+ [7,8) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | [11,12)
+ [7,8) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [11,12)
+(3 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[11,12)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[7,8)';
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [7,8) | [2019-01-01,2020-01-01) | 
+ [7,8) | [2018-01-01,2019-01-01) | 
+ [7,8) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | 
+(3 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[20,21)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[20,21)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[13,14)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[20,21)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[20,21)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[13,14)';
+   id    |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+---------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [13,14) | [2018-01-01,2020-01-01) | 
+ [13,14) | [2020-01-01,2021-01-01) | [20,21)
+(2 rows)
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates SET DEFAULT
 --
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_rng, temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[0,1)', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[12,13)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[12,13)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng
   ALTER COLUMN parent_id SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk,
@@ -2827,10 +4173,73 @@ ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_rng
     ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
-ERROR:  unsupported ON UPDATE action for foreign key constraint using PERIOD
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id = '[13,14)' WHERE id = '[12,13)';
+ERROR:  insert or update on table "tfkp2" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk"
+DETAIL:  Key (parent_id, valid_at)=([-1,0), [2019-01-01,2020-01-01)) is not present in table "temporal_partitioned_rng".
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [8,9) | [2018-01-01,2021-01-01) | [12,13)
+(1 row)
+
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET id = '[13,14)' WHERE id = '[12,13)';
+ERROR:  insert or update on table "tfkp2" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk"
+DETAIL:  Key (parent_id, valid_at)=([-1,0), [2018-01-01,2021-01-01)) is not present in table "temporal_partitioned_rng".
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+  id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+-------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [8,9) | [2018-01-01,2021-01-01) | [12,13)
+(1 row)
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[22,23)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[22,23)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[14,15)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[22,23)');
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET id = '[23,24)' WHERE id = '[22,23)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+ERROR:  insert or update on table "tfkp2" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk"
+DETAIL:  Key (parent_id, valid_at)=([-1,0), [2018-01-01,2020-01-01)) is not present in table "temporal_partitioned_rng".
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[14,15)';
+   id    |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+---------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [14,15) | [2018-01-01,2021-01-01) | [22,23)
+(1 row)
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT
 --
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_rng, temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[0,1)', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[14,15)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[9,10)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[14,15)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[14,15)';
+ERROR:  insert or update on table "tfkp1" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk"
+DETAIL:  Key (parent_id, valid_at)=([-1,0), [2019-01-01,2020-01-01)) is not present in table "temporal_partitioned_rng".
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+   id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+--------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [9,10) | [2018-01-01,2021-01-01) | [14,15)
+(1 row)
+
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[14,15)';
+ERROR:  insert or update on table "tfkp1" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk"
+DETAIL:  Key (parent_id, valid_at)=([-1,0), [2018-01-01,2021-01-01)) is not present in table "temporal_partitioned_rng".
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+   id   |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+--------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [9,10) | [2018-01-01,2021-01-01) | [14,15)
+(1 row)
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[24,25)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[24,25)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[15,16)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[24,25)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[24,25)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+ERROR:  insert or update on table "tfkp1" violates foreign key constraint "temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk"
+DETAIL:  Key (parent_id, valid_at)=([-1,0), [2018-01-01,2020-01-01)) is not present in table "temporal_partitioned_rng".
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[15,16)';
+   id    |        valid_at         | parent_id 
+---------+-------------------------+-----------
+ [15,16) | [2018-01-01,2021-01-01) | [24,25)
+(1 row)
+
 DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
 DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned_rng;
 --
@@ -2950,32 +4359,150 @@ DETAIL:  Key (id, valid_at)=([5,6), {[2018-01-01,2018-02-01)}) is still referenc
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates CASCADE
 --
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng, temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[4,5)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
   ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_mltrng
     ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
-ERROR:  unsupported ON UPDATE action for foreign key constraint using PERIOD
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+  id   |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [4,5) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [7,8)
+ [4,5) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [6,7)
+(2 rows)
+
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+  id   |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [4,5) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [7,8)
+ [4,5) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [7,8)
+(2 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[15,16)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[15,16)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[10,11)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[15,16)');
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng SET id = '[16,17)' WHERE id = '[15,16)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[10,11)';
+   id    |         valid_at          | parent_id 
+---------+---------------------------+-----------
+ [10,11) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | [16,17)
+ [10,11) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [15,16)
+(2 rows)
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes CASCADE
 --
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng, temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[5,6)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+  id   |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [5,6) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [8,9)
+(1 row)
+
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+ id | valid_at | parent_id 
+----+----------+-----------
+(0 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[17,18)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[17,18)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[11,12)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[17,18)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[17,18)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[11,12)';
+   id    |         valid_at          | parent_id 
+---------+---------------------------+-----------
+ [11,12) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [17,18)
+(1 row)
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates SET NULL
 --
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng, temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[9,10)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[9,10)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
   ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_mltrng
     ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL;
-ERROR:  unsupported ON UPDATE action for foreign key constraint using PERIOD
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id = '[10,11)' WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+  id   |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [6,7) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | 
+ [6,7) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [9,10)
+(2 rows)
+
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng SET id = '[10,11)' WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+  id   |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [6,7) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | 
+ [6,7) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | 
+(2 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[18,19)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[18,19)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[12,13)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[18,19)');
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng SET id = '[19,20)' WHERE id = '[18,19)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[12,13)';
+   id    |         valid_at          | parent_id 
+---------+---------------------------+-----------
+ [12,13) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | 
+ [12,13) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [18,19)
+(2 rows)
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes SET NULL
 --
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng, temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[11,12)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[7,8)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[11,12)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id = '[11,12)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[7,8)';
+  id   |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [7,8) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | 
+ [7,8) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [11,12)
+(2 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[11,12)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[7,8)';
+  id   |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [7,8) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | 
+ [7,8) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | 
+(2 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[20,21)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[20,21)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[13,14)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[20,21)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[20,21)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[13,14)';
+   id    |         valid_at          | parent_id 
+---------+---------------------------+-----------
+ [13,14) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | 
+ [13,14) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [20,21)
+(2 rows)
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates SET DEFAULT
 --
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng, temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[0,1)', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[12,13)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[12,13)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng
   ALTER COLUMN parent_id SET DEFAULT '[0,1)',
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
@@ -2983,10 +4510,67 @@ ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_mltrng
     ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
-ERROR:  unsupported ON UPDATE action for foreign key constraint using PERIOD
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id = '[13,14)' WHERE id = '[12,13)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+  id   |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [8,9) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [0,1)
+ [8,9) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [12,13)
+(2 rows)
+
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng SET id = '[13,14)' WHERE id = '[12,13)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+  id   |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+-------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [8,9) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [0,1)
+ [8,9) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [0,1)
+(2 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[22,23)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[22,23)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[14,15)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[22,23)');
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng SET id = '[23,24)' WHERE id = '[22,23)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[14,15)';
+   id    |         valid_at          | parent_id 
+---------+---------------------------+-----------
+ [14,15) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | [0,1)
+ [14,15) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [22,23)
+(2 rows)
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT
 --
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng, temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[0,1)', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[14,15)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[9,10)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[14,15)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id = '[14,15)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+   id   |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+--------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [9,10) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [0,1)
+ [9,10) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [14,15)
+(2 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[14,15)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+   id   |                     valid_at                      | parent_id 
+--------+---------------------------------------------------+-----------
+ [9,10) | {[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)}                         | [0,1)
+ [9,10) | {[2018-01-01,2019-01-01),[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [0,1)
+(2 rows)
+
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[24,25)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[24,25)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[15,16)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[24,25)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[24,25)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[15,16)';
+   id    |         valid_at          | parent_id 
+---------+---------------------------+-----------
+ [15,16) | {[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)} | [0,1)
+ [15,16) | {[2020-01-01,2021-01-01)} | [24,25)
+(2 rows)
+
 DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
 DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned_mltrng;
 RESET datestyle;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql
index 3f26af2bcfb..c83b755679f 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 --
 -- We leave behind several tables to test pg_dump etc:
 -- temporal_rng, temporal_rng2,
--- temporal_fk_rng2rng.
+-- temporal_fk_rng2rng, temporal_fk2_rng2rng.
 
 SET datestyle TO ISO, YMD;
 
@@ -1479,12 +1479,11 @@ SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
 DELETE FROM temporal_rng
 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-05' TO '2018-01-10'
 WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_rng WHERE id in ('[5,6)', '[7,8)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
 -- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK delete succeeds:
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
--- clean up:
-DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE parent_id = '[5,6)';
-DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id IN ('[5,6)');
 
 --
 -- test FK referenced deletes RESTRICT
@@ -1523,41 +1522,131 @@ SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
 DELETE FROM temporal_rng
 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-05' TO '2018-01-10'
 WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_rng WHERE id in ('[5,6)', '[7,8)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id in ('[3,4)') ORDER BY id, valid_at;
 -- then delete the objecting FK record and the same PK delete succeeds:
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01');
--- clean up:
-DELETE FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE parent_id = '[5,6)';
-DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id IN ('[5,6)');
 
 --
 -- rng2rng test ON UPDATE/DELETE options
 --
+-- TOC:
+-- referenced updates CASCADE
+-- referenced deletes CASCADE
+-- referenced updates SET NULL
+-- referenced deletes SET NULL
+-- referenced updates SET DEFAULT
+-- referenced deletes SET DEFAULT
+-- referenced updates CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced updates SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols, SET NULL subset)
+-- referenced updates SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols, SET DEFAULT subset)
 
+--
 -- test FK referenced updates CASCADE
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng, temporal_fk_rng2rng;
 INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[4,5)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_rng2rng
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk,
   ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_rng
     ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[9,10)' WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
 
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes CASCADE
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng, temporal_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
 -- test FK referenced updates SET NULL
-INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[9,10)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[9,10)');
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng, temporal_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_rng2rng
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk,
   ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_rng
     ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[9,10)' WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
 
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET NULL
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng, temporal_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
 -- test FK referenced updates SET DEFAULT
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng, temporal_fk_rng2rng;
 INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', daterange(null, null));
-INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[12,13)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
-INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[12,13)');
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_rng2rng
   ALTER COLUMN parent_id SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_rng2rng_fk,
@@ -1565,6 +1654,252 @@ ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_rng2rng
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_rng
     ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng SET id = '[9,10)' WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng, temporal_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 SET id1 = '[9,10)' WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+--
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 SET id1 = '[9,10)' WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols, SET NULL subset)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- fails because you can't set the PERIOD column:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE SET NULL (valid_at) ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- ok:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE SET NULL (parent_id1) ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[-1,-1]', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id1 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id2 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id1 = '[7,8)', id2 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 SET id1 = '[7,8)', id2 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_rng2 SET id1 = '[9,10)', id2 = '[9,10)' WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[-1,-1]', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols, SET DEFAULT subset)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_rng2, temporal_fk2_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[6,7)', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- fails because you can't set the PERIOD column:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id1 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT (valid_at) ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- ok:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_rng2rng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id1 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_rng2rng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng2
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT (parent_id1) ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[8,9)', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_rng2rng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
 
 --
 -- test FOREIGN KEY, multirange references multirange
@@ -2081,6 +2416,406 @@ WHERE id = '[5,6)';
 DELETE FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[3,4)';
 DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2018-02-01'));
 
+--
+-- mltrng2mltrng test ON UPDATE/DELETE options
+--
+-- TOC:
+-- referenced updates CASCADE
+-- referenced deletes CASCADE
+-- referenced updates SET NULL
+-- referenced deletes SET NULL
+-- referenced updates SET DEFAULT
+-- referenced deletes SET DEFAULT
+-- referenced updates CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced updates SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols, SET NULL subset)
+-- referenced updates SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+-- referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols, SET DEFAULT subset)
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates CASCADE
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng, temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng
+    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[9,10)' WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes CASCADE
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng, temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates SET NULL
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng, temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng
+    ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[9,10)' WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET NULL
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng, temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates SET DEFAULT
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng, temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng SET id = '[9,10)' WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng, temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng WHERE id = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 SET id1 = '[9,10)' WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes CASCADE (two scalar cols)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 SET id1 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 SET id1 = '[9,10)' WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET NULL (two scalar cols, SET NULL subset)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- fails because you can't set the PERIOD column:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE SET NULL (valid_at) ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- ok:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE SET NULL (parent_id1) ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO delete:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced updates SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[-1,-1]', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id1 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id2 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id1 = '[7,8)', id2 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 SET id1 = '[7,8)', id2 = '[7,8)' WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+UPDATE temporal_mltrng2 SET id1 = '[9,10)', id2 = '[9,10)' WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[-1,-1]', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+--
+-- test FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT (two scalar cols, SET DEFAULT subset)
+--
+
+TRUNCATE temporal_mltrng2, temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', '[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[100,101)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)', '[6,7)');
+-- fails because you can't set the PERIOD column:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id1 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT (valid_at) ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- ok:
+ALTER TABLE temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng
+  ALTER COLUMN parent_id1 SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
+  DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
+  ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng_fk
+    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id1, parent_id2, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_mltrng2
+    ON DELETE SET DEFAULT (parent_id1) ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+-- leftovers on both sides:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- non-FPO update:
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[100,101)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+-- FK across two referenced rows:
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_mltrng2 (id1, id2, valid_at) VALUES ('[-1,-1]', '[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id1, parent_id2) VALUES ('[200,201)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)', '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_mltrng2 WHERE id1 = '[8,9)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk2_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[200,201)' ORDER BY id, valid_at;
+
+-- FK with a custom range type
+
+CREATE TYPE mydaterange AS range(subtype=date);
+
+CREATE TABLE temporal_rng3 (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at mydaterange,
+  CONSTRAINT temporal_rng3_pk PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
+);
+CREATE TABLE temporal_fk3_rng2rng (
+  id int4range,
+  valid_at mydaterange,
+  parent_id int4range,
+  CONSTRAINT temporal_fk3_rng2rng_pk PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS),
+  CONSTRAINT temporal_fk3_rng2rng_fk FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
+    REFERENCES temporal_rng3 (id, PERIOD valid_at) ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+INSERT INTO temporal_rng3 (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', mydaterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_fk3_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[5,6)', mydaterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_rng3 FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_fk3_rng2rng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+
+DROP TABLE temporal_fk3_rng2rng;
+DROP TABLE temporal_rng3;
+DROP TYPE mydaterange;
+
 --
 -- FK between partitioned tables: ranges
 --
@@ -2091,8 +2826,8 @@ CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned_rng (
   name text,
   CONSTRAINT temporal_paritioned_rng_pk PRIMARY KEY (id, valid_at WITHOUT OVERLAPS)
 ) PARTITION BY LIST (id);
-CREATE TABLE tp1 partition OF temporal_partitioned_rng FOR VALUES IN ('[1,2)', '[3,4)', '[5,6)', '[7,8)', '[9,10)', '[11,12)');
-CREATE TABLE tp2 partition OF temporal_partitioned_rng FOR VALUES IN ('[2,3)', '[4,5)', '[6,7)', '[8,9)', '[10,11)', '[12,13)');
+CREATE TABLE tp1 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned_rng FOR VALUES IN ('[1,2)', '[3,4)', '[5,6)', '[7,8)', '[9,10)', '[11,12)', '[13,14)', '[15,16)', '[17,18)', '[19,20)', '[21,22)', '[23,24)');
+CREATE TABLE tp2 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned_rng FOR VALUES IN ('[0,1)', '[2,3)', '[4,5)', '[6,7)', '[8,9)', '[10,11)', '[12,13)', '[14,15)', '[16,17)', '[18,19)', '[20,21)', '[22,23)', '[24,25)');
 INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at, name) VALUES
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-01-01', '2000-02-01'), 'one'),
   ('[1,2)', daterange('2000-02-01', '2000-03-01'), 'one'),
@@ -2106,8 +2841,8 @@ CREATE TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (
   CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_rng (id, PERIOD valid_at)
 ) PARTITION BY LIST (id);
-CREATE TABLE tfkp1 partition OF temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng FOR VALUES IN ('[1,2)', '[3,4)', '[5,6)', '[7,8)', '[9,10)', '[11,12)');
-CREATE TABLE tfkp2 partition OF temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng FOR VALUES IN ('[2,3)', '[4,5)', '[6,7)', '[8,9)', '[10,11)', '[12,13)');
+CREATE TABLE tfkp1 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng FOR VALUES IN ('[1,2)', '[3,4)', '[5,6)', '[7,8)', '[9,10)', '[11,12)', '[13,14)', '[15,16)', '[17,18)', '[19,20)', '[21,22)', '[23,24)');
+CREATE TABLE tfkp2 PARTITION OF temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng FOR VALUES IN ('[0,1)', '[2,3)', '[4,5)', '[6,7)', '[8,9)', '[10,11)', '[12,13)', '[14,15)', '[16,17)', '[18,19)', '[20,21)', '[22,23)', '[24,25)');
 
 --
 -- partitioned FK referencing inserts
@@ -2200,36 +2935,90 @@ DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = daterange
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates CASCADE
 --
 
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_rng, temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[4,5)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[6,7)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk,
   ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_rng
     ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[15,16)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[15,16)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[10,11)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[15,16)');
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET id = '[16,17)' WHERE id = '[15,16)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[10,11)';
 
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes CASCADE
 --
 
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_rng, temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[5,6)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[17,18)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[17,18)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[11,12)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[17,18)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[17,18)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[11,12)';
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates SET NULL
 --
 
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_rng, temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[9,10)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[6,7)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[9,10)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk,
   ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_rng
     ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id = '[10,11)' WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET id = '[10,11)' WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[18,19)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[18,19)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[12,13)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[18,19)');
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET id = '[19,20)' WHERE id = '[18,19)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[12,13)';
 
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes SET NULL
 --
 
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_rng, temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[11,12)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[7,8)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[11,12)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[11,12)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[7,8)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[11,12)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[7,8)';
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[20,21)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[20,21)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[13,14)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[20,21)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[20,21)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[13,14)';
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates SET DEFAULT
 --
 
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_rng, temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[0,1)', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[12,13)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[8,9)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[12,13)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng
   ALTER COLUMN parent_id SET DEFAULT '[-1,-1]',
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng_fk,
@@ -2237,11 +3026,34 @@ ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_rng
     ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' SET id = '[13,14)' WHERE id = '[12,13)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET id = '[13,14)' WHERE id = '[12,13)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[22,23)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[22,23)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[14,15)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[22,23)');
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_rng SET id = '[23,24)' WHERE id = '[22,23)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[14,15)';
 
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT
 --
 
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_rng, temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[0,1)', daterange(null, null));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[14,15)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[9,10)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[14,15)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2019-01-01' TO '2020-01-01' WHERE id = '[14,15)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[14,15)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[24,25)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_rng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[24,25)', daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[15,16)', daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01'), '[24,25)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_rng WHERE id = '[24,25)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng WHERE id = '[15,16)';
+
 DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_rng2rng;
 DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned_rng;
 
@@ -2364,36 +3176,90 @@ DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)' AND valid_at = datemu
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates CASCADE
 --
 
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng, temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[4,5)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[6,7)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
   ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_mltrng
     ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng SET id = '[7,8)' WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[4,5)';
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[15,16)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[15,16)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[10,11)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[15,16)');
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng SET id = '[16,17)' WHERE id = '[15,16)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[10,11)';
 
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes CASCADE
 --
 
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng, temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[5,6)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[8,9)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[5,6)';
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[17,18)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[17,18)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[11,12)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[17,18)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[17,18)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[11,12)';
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates SET NULL
 --
 
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng, temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[9,10)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[6,7)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[9,10)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
   ADD CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_mltrng
     ON DELETE SET NULL ON UPDATE SET NULL;
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id = '[10,11)' WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng SET id = '[10,11)' WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[6,7)';
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[18,19)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[18,19)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[12,13)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[18,19)');
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng SET id = '[19,20)' WHERE id = '[18,19)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[12,13)';
 
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes SET NULL
 --
 
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng, temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[11,12)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[7,8)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[11,12)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id = '[11,12)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[7,8)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[11,12)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[7,8)';
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[20,21)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[20,21)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[13,14)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[20,21)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[20,21)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[13,14)';
+
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced updates SET DEFAULT
 --
 
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng, temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[0,1)', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[12,13)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[8,9)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[12,13)');
 ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng
   ALTER COLUMN parent_id SET DEFAULT '[0,1)',
   DROP CONSTRAINT temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng_fk,
@@ -2401,11 +3267,34 @@ ALTER TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng
     FOREIGN KEY (parent_id, PERIOD valid_at)
     REFERENCES temporal_partitioned_mltrng
     ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE SET DEFAULT;
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) SET id = '[13,14)' WHERE id = '[12,13)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng SET id = '[13,14)' WHERE id = '[12,13)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[8,9)';
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[22,23)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[22,23)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[14,15)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[22,23)');
+UPDATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng SET id = '[23,24)' WHERE id = '[22,23)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[14,15)';
 
 --
 -- partitioned FK referenced deletes SET DEFAULT
 --
 
+TRUNCATE temporal_partitioned_mltrng, temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[0,1)', datemultirange(daterange(null, null)));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[14,15)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[9,10)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[14,15)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng FOR PORTION OF valid_at (datemultirange(daterange('2019-01-01', '2020-01-01'))) WHERE id = '[14,15)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[14,15)';
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[9,10)';
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[24,25)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_mltrng (id, valid_at) VALUES ('[24,25)', datemultirange(daterange('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01')));
+INSERT INTO temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng (id, valid_at, parent_id) VALUES ('[15,16)', datemultirange(daterange('2018-01-01', '2021-01-01')), '[24,25)');
+DELETE FROM temporal_partitioned_mltrng WHERE id = '[24,25)' AND valid_at @> '2019-01-01'::date;
+SELECT * FROM temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng WHERE id = '[15,16)';
+
 DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned_fk_mltrng2mltrng;
 DROP TABLE temporal_partitioned_mltrng;
 
-- 
2.42.0



  [text/x-patch] v45-0008-Expose-FOR-PORTION-OF-to-plpgsql-triggers.patch (13.2K, ../[email protected]/9-v45-0008-Expose-FOR-PORTION-OF-to-plpgsql-triggers.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 4a221dac5cabddf83a91d152359679ea04ef71bb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Paul A. Jungwirth" <[email protected]>
Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 18:54:37 -0700
Subject: [PATCH v45 8/8] Expose FOR PORTION OF to plpgsql triggers

It is helpful for triggers to see what the FOR PORTION OF clause
specified: both the column/period name and the targeted bounds. Our RI
triggers require this information, and we are passing it as part of the
TriggerData struct. This commit allows plpgsql triggers functions to
access the same information, using the new TG_PORTION_COLUMN and
TG_PORTION_TARGET variables.
---
 doc/src/sgml/plpgsql.sgml                    | 24 +++++++++++
 src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c                 | 27 +++++++++++++
 src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c                 | 32 +++++++++++++++
 src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql.h                 |  2 +
 src/test/regress/expected/for_portion_of.out | 42 ++++++++++----------
 src/test/regress/sql/for_portion_of.sql      | 14 ++++---
 6 files changed, 115 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/plpgsql.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/plpgsql.sgml
index 78e4983139b..31bd824ed3d 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/plpgsql.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/plpgsql.sgml
@@ -4245,6 +4245,30 @@ ASSERT <replaceable class="parameter">condition</replaceable> <optional> , <repl
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
+
+    <varlistentry id="plpgsql-dml-trigger-tg-temporal-column">
+     <term><varname>TG_PERIOD_NAME</varname> <type>text</type></term>
+     <listitem>
+      <para>
+       the column name used in a <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> clause,
+       or else <symbol>NULL</symbol>.
+      </para>
+     </listitem>
+    </varlistentry>
+
+    <varlistentry id="plpgsql-dml-trigger-tg-temporal-target">
+     <term><varname>TG_PERIOD_BOUNDS</varname> <type>text</type></term>
+     <listitem>
+      <para>
+       the range/multirange/etc. given as the bounds of a
+       <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> clause, either directly (with parens syntax)
+       or computed from the <literal>FROM</literal> and <literal>TO</literal> bounds.
+       <symbol>NULL</symbol> if <literal>FOR PORTION OF</literal> was not used.
+       This is a text value based on the type's output function,
+       since the type can't be known at function creation time.
+      </para>
+     </listitem>
+    </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
   </para>
 
diff --git a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c
index 5633e3c7905..650d882daa6 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c
+++ b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c
@@ -717,6 +717,33 @@ do_compile(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,
 			var->dtype = PLPGSQL_DTYPE_PROMISE;
 			((PLpgSQL_var *) var)->promise = PLPGSQL_PROMISE_TG_ARGV;
 
+			/* Add the variable tg_period_name */
+			var = plpgsql_build_variable("tg_period_name", 0,
+										 plpgsql_build_datatype(TEXTOID,
+																-1,
+																function->fn_input_collation,
+																NULL),
+										 true);
+			Assert(var->dtype == PLPGSQL_DTYPE_VAR);
+			var->dtype = PLPGSQL_DTYPE_PROMISE;
+			((PLpgSQL_var *) var)->promise = PLPGSQL_PROMISE_TG_PERIOD_NAME;
+
+			/*
+			 * Add the variable to tg_period_bounds.
+			 * This could be any rangetype or multirangetype
+			 * or user-supplied type,
+			 * so the best we can offer is a TEXT variable.
+			 */
+			var = plpgsql_build_variable("tg_period_bounds", 0,
+										 plpgsql_build_datatype(TEXTOID,
+																-1,
+																function->fn_input_collation,
+																NULL),
+										 true);
+			Assert(var->dtype == PLPGSQL_DTYPE_VAR);
+			var->dtype = PLPGSQL_DTYPE_PROMISE;
+			((PLpgSQL_var *) var)->promise = PLPGSQL_PROMISE_TG_PERIOD_BOUNDS;
+
 			break;
 
 		case PLPGSQL_EVENT_TRIGGER:
diff --git a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c
index 86c5bd324a9..ec93789337f 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c
+++ b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c
@@ -1369,6 +1369,7 @@ plpgsql_fulfill_promise(PLpgSQL_execstate *estate,
 						PLpgSQL_var *var)
 {
 	MemoryContext oldcontext;
+	ForPortionOfState *fpo;
 
 	if (var->promise == PLPGSQL_PROMISE_NONE)
 		return;					/* nothing to do */
@@ -1500,6 +1501,37 @@ plpgsql_fulfill_promise(PLpgSQL_execstate *estate,
 			}
 			break;
 
+		case PLPGSQL_PROMISE_TG_PERIOD_NAME:
+			if (estate->trigdata == NULL)
+				elog(ERROR, "trigger promise is not in a trigger function");
+			if (estate->trigdata->tg_temporal)
+				assign_text_var(estate, var, estate->trigdata->tg_temporal->fp_rangeName);
+			else
+				assign_simple_var(estate, var, (Datum) 0, true, false);
+			break;
+
+		case PLPGSQL_PROMISE_TG_PERIOD_BOUNDS:
+			fpo = estate->trigdata->tg_temporal;
+
+			if (estate->trigdata == NULL)
+				elog(ERROR, "trigger promise is not in a trigger function");
+			if (fpo)
+			{
+
+				Oid		funcid;
+				bool	varlena;
+
+				getTypeOutputInfo(fpo->fp_rangeType, &funcid, &varlena);
+				Assert(OidIsValid(funcid));
+
+				assign_text_var(estate, var,
+								OidOutputFunctionCall(funcid,
+													  fpo->fp_targetRange));
+			}
+			else
+				assign_simple_var(estate, var, (Datum) 0, true, false);
+			break;
+
 		case PLPGSQL_PROMISE_TG_EVENT:
 			if (estate->evtrigdata == NULL)
 				elog(ERROR, "event trigger promise is not in an event trigger function");
diff --git a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql.h b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql.h
index 50c3b28472b..bf66340151a 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql.h
+++ b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/plpgsql.h
@@ -84,6 +84,8 @@ typedef enum PLpgSQL_promise_type
 	PLPGSQL_PROMISE_TG_ARGV,
 	PLPGSQL_PROMISE_TG_EVENT,
 	PLPGSQL_PROMISE_TG_TAG,
+	PLPGSQL_PROMISE_TG_PERIOD_NAME,
+	PLPGSQL_PROMISE_TG_PERIOD_BOUNDS,
 } PLpgSQL_promise_type;
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/for_portion_of.out b/src/test/regress/expected/for_portion_of.out
index 19a4e9ac523..4f9ee28f078 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/for_portion_of.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/for_portion_of.out
@@ -512,16 +512,18 @@ RETURNS TRIGGER LANGUAGE plpgsql AS
 $$
 BEGIN
   IF TG_OP = 'INSERT' THEN
-    RAISE NOTICE '%: % %, NEW table = %',
-      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL, (SELECT string_agg(new_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM new_table);
+    RAISE NOTICE '%: % FOR PORTION OF % (%) %, NEW table = %',
+      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_PERIOD_NAME, TG_PERIOD_BOUNDS, TG_LEVEL,
+      (SELECT string_agg(new_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM new_table);
   ELSIF TG_OP = 'UPDATE' THEN
-    RAISE NOTICE '%: % %, OLD table = %, NEW table = %',
-      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL,
+    RAISE NOTICE '%: % FOR PORTION OF % (%) %, OLD table = %, NEW table = %',
+      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_PERIOD_NAME, TG_PERIOD_BOUNDS, TG_LEVEL,
       (SELECT string_agg(old_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM old_table),
       (SELECT string_agg(new_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM new_table);
   ELSIF TG_OP = 'DELETE' THEN
-    RAISE NOTICE '%: % %, OLD table = %',
-      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL, (SELECT string_agg(old_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM old_table);
+    RAISE NOTICE '%: % FOR PORTION OF % (%) %, OLD table = %',
+      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_PERIOD_NAME, TG_PERIOD_BOUNDS, TG_LEVEL,
+      (SELECT string_agg(old_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM old_table);
   END IF;
   RETURN NULL;
 END;
@@ -554,29 +556,29 @@ BEGIN;
 UPDATE for_portion_of_test
   FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM '2018-01-15' TO '2019-01-01'
   SET name = '2018-01-15_to_2019-01-01';
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig: INSERT ROW, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2018-01-15)",one)
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt: INSERT STATEMENT, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2018-01-15)",one)
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig: INSERT ROW, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)",one)
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt: INSERT STATEMENT, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)",one)
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_update_trig: UPDATE ROW, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one), NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-15,2019-01-01)",2018-01-15_to_2019-01-01)
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_update_trig_stmt: UPDATE STATEMENT, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one), NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-15,2019-01-01)",2018-01-15_to_2019-01-01)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig: INSERT FOR PORTION OF <NULL> (<NULL>) ROW, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2018-01-15)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt: INSERT FOR PORTION OF <NULL> (<NULL>) STATEMENT, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2018-01-15)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig: INSERT FOR PORTION OF <NULL> (<NULL>) ROW, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt: INSERT FOR PORTION OF <NULL> (<NULL>) STATEMENT, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2019-01-01,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_update_trig: UPDATE FOR PORTION OF valid_at ([2018-01-15,2019-01-01)) ROW, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one), NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-15,2019-01-01)",2018-01-15_to_2019-01-01)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_update_trig_stmt: UPDATE FOR PORTION OF valid_at ([2018-01-15,2019-01-01)) STATEMENT, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one), NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-15,2019-01-01)",2018-01-15_to_2019-01-01)
 ROLLBACK;
 BEGIN;
 DELETE FROM for_portion_of_test
   FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO '2018-01-21';
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig: INSERT ROW, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-21,2020-01-01)",one)
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt: INSERT STATEMENT, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-21,2020-01-01)",one)
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_delete_trig: DELETE ROW, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one)
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_delete_trig_stmt: DELETE STATEMENT, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig: INSERT FOR PORTION OF <NULL> (<NULL>) ROW, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-21,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt: INSERT FOR PORTION OF <NULL> (<NULL>) STATEMENT, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-21,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_delete_trig: DELETE FOR PORTION OF valid_at ((,2018-01-21)) ROW, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_delete_trig_stmt: DELETE FOR PORTION OF valid_at ((,2018-01-21)) STATEMENT, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one)
 ROLLBACK;
 BEGIN;
 UPDATE for_portion_of_test
   FOR PORTION OF valid_at FROM NULL TO '2018-01-02'
   SET name = 'NULL_to_2018-01-01';
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig: INSERT ROW, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-02,2020-01-01)",one)
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt: INSERT STATEMENT, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-02,2020-01-01)",one)
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_update_trig: UPDATE ROW, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one), NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2018-01-02)",NULL_to_2018-01-01)
-NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_update_trig_stmt: UPDATE STATEMENT, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one), NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2018-01-02)",NULL_to_2018-01-01)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig: INSERT FOR PORTION OF <NULL> (<NULL>) ROW, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-02,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_insert_trig_stmt: INSERT FOR PORTION OF <NULL> (<NULL>) STATEMENT, NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-02,2020-01-01)",one)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_update_trig: UPDATE FOR PORTION OF valid_at ((,2018-01-02)) ROW, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one), NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2018-01-02)",NULL_to_2018-01-01)
+NOTICE:  for_portion_of_test_update_trig_stmt: UPDATE FOR PORTION OF valid_at ((,2018-01-02)) STATEMENT, OLD table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2020-01-01)",one), NEW table = ("[1,2)","[2018-01-01,2018-01-02)",NULL_to_2018-01-01)
 ROLLBACK;
 -- Test with multiranges
 CREATE TABLE for_portion_of_test2 (
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/for_portion_of.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/for_portion_of.sql
index e66a55fe014..cd1645a436f 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/for_portion_of.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/for_portion_of.sql
@@ -396,16 +396,18 @@ RETURNS TRIGGER LANGUAGE plpgsql AS
 $$
 BEGIN
   IF TG_OP = 'INSERT' THEN
-    RAISE NOTICE '%: % %, NEW table = %',
-      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL, (SELECT string_agg(new_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM new_table);
+    RAISE NOTICE '%: % FOR PORTION OF % (%) %, NEW table = %',
+      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_PERIOD_NAME, TG_PERIOD_BOUNDS, TG_LEVEL,
+      (SELECT string_agg(new_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM new_table);
   ELSIF TG_OP = 'UPDATE' THEN
-    RAISE NOTICE '%: % %, OLD table = %, NEW table = %',
-      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL,
+    RAISE NOTICE '%: % FOR PORTION OF % (%) %, OLD table = %, NEW table = %',
+      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_PERIOD_NAME, TG_PERIOD_BOUNDS, TG_LEVEL,
       (SELECT string_agg(old_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM old_table),
       (SELECT string_agg(new_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM new_table);
   ELSIF TG_OP = 'DELETE' THEN
-    RAISE NOTICE '%: % %, OLD table = %',
-      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_LEVEL, (SELECT string_agg(old_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM old_table);
+    RAISE NOTICE '%: % FOR PORTION OF % (%) %, OLD table = %',
+      TG_NAME, TG_OP, TG_PERIOD_NAME, TG_PERIOD_BOUNDS, TG_LEVEL,
+      (SELECT string_agg(old_table::text, ', ' ORDER BY id) FROM old_table);
   END IF;
   RETURN NULL;
 END;
-- 
2.42.0



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