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[PATCH v1 3/7] Row pattern recognition patch (planner).
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* [PATCH v1 3/7] Row pattern recognition patch (planner).
@ 2023-06-25 11:48  Tatsuo Ishii <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Tatsuo Ishii @ 2023-06-25 11:48 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c | 13 ++++++++++---
 src/include/nodes/plannodes.h           |  9 +++++++++
 2 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
index 4bb38160b3..5ac65248a2 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
@@ -287,8 +287,8 @@ static WindowAgg *make_windowagg(List *tlist, Index winref,
 								 int frameOptions, Node *startOffset, Node *endOffset,
 								 Oid startInRangeFunc, Oid endInRangeFunc,
 								 Oid inRangeColl, bool inRangeAsc, bool inRangeNullsFirst,
-								 List *runCondition, List *qual, bool topWindow,
-								 Plan *lefttree);
+								 List *runCondition, List *patternVariable, List *patternRegexp, List *defineClause,
+								 List *qual, bool topWindow, Plan *lefttree);
 static Group *make_group(List *tlist, List *qual, int numGroupCols,
 						 AttrNumber *grpColIdx, Oid *grpOperators, Oid *grpCollations,
 						 Plan *lefttree);
@@ -2684,6 +2684,9 @@ create_windowagg_plan(PlannerInfo *root, WindowAggPath *best_path)
 						  wc->inRangeAsc,
 						  wc->inRangeNullsFirst,
 						  wc->runCondition,
+						  wc->patternVariable,
+						  wc->patternRegexp,
+						  wc->defineClause,
 						  best_path->qual,
 						  best_path->topwindow,
 						  subplan);
@@ -6581,7 +6584,8 @@ make_windowagg(List *tlist, Index winref,
 			   int frameOptions, Node *startOffset, Node *endOffset,
 			   Oid startInRangeFunc, Oid endInRangeFunc,
 			   Oid inRangeColl, bool inRangeAsc, bool inRangeNullsFirst,
-			   List *runCondition, List *qual, bool topWindow, Plan *lefttree)
+			   List *runCondition, List *patternVariable, List *patternRegexp, List *defineClause,
+			   List *qual, bool topWindow, Plan *lefttree)
 {
 	WindowAgg  *node = makeNode(WindowAgg);
 	Plan	   *plan = &node->plan;
@@ -6607,6 +6611,9 @@ make_windowagg(List *tlist, Index winref,
 	node->inRangeAsc = inRangeAsc;
 	node->inRangeNullsFirst = inRangeNullsFirst;
 	node->topWindow = topWindow;
+	node->patternVariable = patternVariable;
+	node->patternRegexp = patternRegexp;
+	node->defineClause = defineClause;
 
 	plan->targetlist = tlist;
 	plan->lefttree = lefttree;
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h b/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
index 1b787fe031..eb511176ac 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
@@ -1096,6 +1096,15 @@ typedef struct WindowAgg
 	/* nulls sort first for in_range tests? */
 	bool		inRangeNullsFirst;
 
+	/* Row Pattern Recognition PATTERN variable name (list of String) */
+	List		*patternVariable;
+
+	/* Row Pattern Recognition PATTERN regular expression quantifier ('+' or ''. list of String) */
+	List		*patternRegexp;
+
+	/* Row Pattern Recognition DEFINE clause (list of TargetEntry) */
+	List	   *defineClause;
+
 	/*
 	 * false for all apart from the WindowAgg that's closest to the root of
 	 * the plan
-- 
2.25.1


----Next_Part(Sun_Jun_25_21_05_09_2023_126)--
Content-Type: Text/X-Patch; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: inline;
 filename="v1-0004-Row-pattern-recognition-patch-executor.patch"



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


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Content-Disposition: attachment;
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
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 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table
@ 2025-07-15 10:45  Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 812+ messages in thread

From: Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais @ 2025-07-15 10:45 UTC (permalink / raw)

When a foreign table points to a partitioned table or an inheritance
parent on the foreign server, a non-direct DML can affect multiple
rows when only one row is intended to be affected. This
happens because postgres_fdw uses only ctid to identify a row to work
on. Though ctid uniquely identifies a row in a single table, in a
partitioned table or in an inheritance hierarchy, there can be be
multiple rows, in different partitions, with the same ctid. So
DML statement sent to the foreign server by postgres_fdw ends up
affecting more than one rows, only one of which is intended to be
affected.

This commit adds testcases to show the problem. A subsequent commit
would have a fix to the problem.

Author: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAFjFpRfcgwsHRmpvoOK-GUQi-n8MgAS%2BOxcQo%3DaBDn1COywmcg%4...

Rebased by Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
---
 .../postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out    | 125 ++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql     |  58 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 183 insertions(+)

diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
index 2185b42bb4f..62019eaa881 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out
@@ -8954,6 +8954,131 @@ drop foreign table remt2;
 drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa  
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | aaa
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+                                                   QUERY PLAN                                                    
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.a SET aa = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'zzzz'::text ELSE NULL::text END, ctid, fa.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a WHERE ((aa = 'aaa')) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  |  aa  
+----------+-------+------
+ fa       | (0,2) | zzzz
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+                                                  QUERY PLAN                                                   
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fa
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.a WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fa
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fa.aa = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 'aaa'::text ELSE 'bbb'::text END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT aa, ctid FROM public.a FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+ tableoid | ctid  | aa 
+----------+-------+-----
+ fa       | (0,1) | bbb
+(1 row)
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table b
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 1 | 1
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+                                           QUERY PLAN                                            
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Update on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: UPDATE public.plt SET b = $2 WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 10 ELSE 20 END, ctid, fplt.*
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, b, ctid FROM public.plt WHERE ((a = 1)) FOR UPDATE
+(5 rows)
+
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b  
+----------+-------+---+----
+ fplt     | (0,2) | 1 | 10
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2
+(2 rows)
+
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+                                         QUERY PLAN                                          
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Delete on public.fplt
+   Remote SQL: DELETE FROM public.plt WHERE ctid = $1
+   ->  Foreign Scan on public.fplt
+         Output: ctid
+         Filter: (fplt.a = CASE WHEN (random() <= '1'::double precision) THEN 1 ELSE 10 END)
+         Remote SQL: SELECT a, ctid FROM public.plt FOR UPDATE
+(6 rows)
+
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+ tableoid | ctid  | a | b 
+----------+-------+---+---
+ fplt     | (0,1) | 2 | 2 
+(1 row)
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
diff --git a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
index e534b40de3c..ae3777b7edb 100644
--- a/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
+++ b/contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql
@@ -2494,6 +2494,64 @@ drop table loct1;
 drop table loct2;
 drop table parent;
 
+-- test DML statement on a foreign table pointing to an inheritance hierarchy
+-- on the remote server
+CREATE TABLE a(aa TEXT);
+ALTER TABLE a SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+CREATE TABLE b() INHERITS(a);
+ALTER TABLE b SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false');
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fa (aa TEXT) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'a');
+
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+UPDATE fa SET aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'zzzz' ELSE NULL END) WHERE aa = 'aaa';
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+-- repopulate tables so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE a, b;
+INSERT INTO a(aa) VALUES('aaa');
+INSERT INTO b(aa) VALUES('bbb');
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+DELETE FROM fa WHERE aa = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 'aaa' ELSE 'bbb' END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fa;
+
+-- cleanup
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fa;
+DROP TABLE a CASCADE;
+
+-- ===================================================================
+-- test foreign table pointing to a remote partitioned table
+-- ===================================================================
+
+-- test DML statement on foreign table pointing to a foreign partitioned table
+CREATE TABLE plt (a int, b int) PARTITION BY LIST(a);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p1 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (1);
+CREATE TABLE plt_p2 PARTITION OF plt FOR VALUES IN (2);
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE fplt (a int, b int) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'plt');
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- use random() so that DML statement is not pushed down to the foreign
+-- server
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+UPDATE fplt SET b = (CASE WHEN random() <= 1 THEN 10 ELSE 20 END) WHERE a = 1;
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+-- repopulate partitioned table so that we have rows with same ctid
+TRUNCATE plt;
+INSERT INTO plt VALUES (1, 1), (2, 2);
+EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF)
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+DELETE FROM fplt WHERE a = (CASE WHEN random() <=  1 THEN 1 ELSE 10 END);
+SELECT tableoid::regclass, ctid, * FROM fplt;
+
+DROP TABLE plt;
+DROP FOREIGN TABLE fplt;
+
 -- ===================================================================
 -- test tuple routing for foreign-table partitions
 -- ===================================================================
-- 
2.50.0


--MP_/4ZRYdF7Ah.pt5w65PuZdaPz
Content-Type: text/x-patch
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: attachment;
 filename=v3-0002-Error-out-if-one-iteration-of-non-direct-DML-affe.patch



^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 812+ messages in thread


end of thread, other threads:[~2025-07-15 10:45 UTC | newest]

Thread overview: 812+ messages (download: mbox mbox.gz follow: Atom feed)
-- links below jump to the message on this page --
2023-06-25 11:48 [PATCH v1 3/7] Row pattern recognition patch (planner). Tatsuo Ishii <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>
2025-07-15 10:45 [PATCH v3 1/2] Test exposing bug when foreign table points to a partitioned table Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais <[email protected]>

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