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[PATCH v1] wip-fix-hash-key-computation
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* [PATCH v1] wip-fix-hash-key-computation
@ 2019-06-18 06:59  Andres Freund <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 7+ messages in thread

From: Andres Freund @ 2019-06-18 06:59 UTC (permalink / raw)

---
 src/backend/executor/nodeHash.c         | 19 +++++++++++--------
 src/backend/executor/nodeHashjoin.c     | 18 +++---------------
 src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c           |  1 +
 src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c            |  1 +
 src/backend/nodes/readfuncs.c           |  1 +
 src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c | 13 +++++++++++++
 src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c    | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 src/include/nodes/execnodes.h           |  3 ---
 src/include/nodes/plannodes.h           |  1 +
 9 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/executor/nodeHash.c b/src/backend/executor/nodeHash.c
index d16120b9c48..181f45a5b1c 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/nodeHash.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/nodeHash.c
@@ -157,7 +157,8 @@ MultiExecPrivateHash(HashState *node)
 	econtext = node->ps.ps_ExprContext;
 
 	/*
-	 * get all inner tuples and insert into the hash table (or temp files)
+	 * Get all tuples from subsidiary node and insert into the hash table (or
+	 * temp files).
 	 */
 	for (;;)
 	{
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ MultiExecPrivateHash(HashState *node)
 		if (TupIsNull(slot))
 			break;
 		/* We have to compute the hash value */
-		econtext->ecxt_innertuple = slot;
+		econtext->ecxt_outertuple = slot;
 		if (ExecHashGetHashValue(hashtable, econtext, hashkeys,
 								 false, hashtable->keepNulls,
 								 &hashvalue))
@@ -281,7 +282,7 @@ MultiExecParallelHash(HashState *node)
 				slot = ExecProcNode(outerNode);
 				if (TupIsNull(slot))
 					break;
-				econtext->ecxt_innertuple = slot;
+				econtext->ecxt_outertuple = slot;
 				if (ExecHashGetHashValue(hashtable, econtext, hashkeys,
 										 false, hashtable->keepNulls,
 										 &hashvalue))
@@ -388,8 +389,8 @@ ExecInitHash(Hash *node, EState *estate, int eflags)
 	/*
 	 * initialize child expressions
 	 */
-	hashstate->ps.qual =
-		ExecInitQual(node->plan.qual, (PlanState *) hashstate);
+	hashstate->hashkeys =
+		ExecInitExprList(node->hashkeys, (PlanState *) hashstate);
 
 	return hashstate;
 }
@@ -1773,9 +1774,11 @@ ExecParallelHashTableInsertCurrentBatch(HashJoinTable hashtable,
  * ExecHashGetHashValue
  *		Compute the hash value for a tuple
  *
- * The tuple to be tested must be in either econtext->ecxt_outertuple or
- * econtext->ecxt_innertuple.  Vars in the hashkeys expressions should have
- * varno either OUTER_VAR or INNER_VAR.
+ * The tuple to be tested must be in econtext->ecxt_outertuple and Vars in the
+ * hashkeys expressions should have a varno of OUTER_VAR (but note that the
+ * econtext, expression, and slot might belong to the HashJoin's outer rel, or
+ * be from the Hash, and thus refer to the join's outer/inner side
+ * respectively).
  *
  * A true result means the tuple's hash value has been successfully computed
  * and stored at *hashvalue.  A false result means the tuple cannot match
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/nodeHashjoin.c b/src/backend/executor/nodeHashjoin.c
index 8484a287e73..f9262b1aa38 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/nodeHashjoin.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/nodeHashjoin.c
@@ -601,8 +601,6 @@ ExecInitHashJoin(HashJoin *node, EState *estate, int eflags)
 	Plan	   *outerNode;
 	Hash	   *hashNode;
 	List	   *lclauses;
-	List	   *rclauses;
-	List	   *rhclauses;
 	List	   *hoperators;
 	List	   *hcollations;
 	TupleDesc	outerDesc,
@@ -731,14 +729,11 @@ ExecInitHashJoin(HashJoin *node, EState *estate, int eflags)
 	hjstate->hj_CurTuple = NULL;
 
 	/*
-	 * Deconstruct the hash clauses into outer and inner argument values, so
-	 * that we can evaluate those subexpressions separately.  Also make a list
-	 * of the hash operator OIDs, in preparation for looking up the hash
-	 * functions to use.
+	 * Deconstruct the hash clauses into outer argument values, so that we can
+	 * evaluate those subexpressions separately.  Also make a list of the hash
+	 * operator OIDs, in preparation for looking up the hash functions to use.
 	 */
 	lclauses = NIL;
-	rclauses = NIL;
-	rhclauses = NIL;
 	hoperators = NIL;
 	hcollations = NIL;
 	foreach(l, node->hashclauses)
@@ -747,19 +742,12 @@ ExecInitHashJoin(HashJoin *node, EState *estate, int eflags)
 
 		lclauses = lappend(lclauses, ExecInitExpr(linitial(hclause->args),
 												  (PlanState *) hjstate));
-		rclauses = lappend(rclauses, ExecInitExpr(lsecond(hclause->args),
-												  (PlanState *) hjstate));
-		rhclauses = lappend(rhclauses, ExecInitExpr(lsecond(hclause->args),
-													innerPlanState(hjstate)));
 		hoperators = lappend_oid(hoperators, hclause->opno);
 		hcollations = lappend_oid(hcollations, hclause->inputcollid);
 	}
 	hjstate->hj_OuterHashKeys = lclauses;
-	hjstate->hj_InnerHashKeys = rclauses;
 	hjstate->hj_HashOperators = hoperators;
 	hjstate->hj_Collations = hcollations;
-	/* child Hash node needs to evaluate inner hash keys, too */
-	((HashState *) innerPlanState(hjstate))->hashkeys = rhclauses;
 
 	hjstate->hj_JoinState = HJ_BUILD_HASHTABLE;
 	hjstate->hj_MatchedOuter = false;
diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c
index 78deade89b4..65098f04712 100644
--- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c
@@ -1066,6 +1066,7 @@ _copyHash(const Hash *from)
 	/*
 	 * copy remainder of node
 	 */
+	COPY_NODE_FIELD(hashkeys);
 	COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(skewTable);
 	COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(skewColumn);
 	COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(skewInherit);
diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c
index 8400dd319e2..567a26fd636 100644
--- a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c
@@ -863,6 +863,7 @@ _outHash(StringInfo str, const Hash *node)
 
 	_outPlanInfo(str, (const Plan *) node);
 
+	WRITE_NODE_FIELD(hashkeys);
 	WRITE_OID_FIELD(skewTable);
 	WRITE_INT_FIELD(skewColumn);
 	WRITE_BOOL_FIELD(skewInherit);
diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/readfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/readfuncs.c
index 6c2626ee62b..6ae136e0bb3 100644
--- a/src/backend/nodes/readfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/nodes/readfuncs.c
@@ -2274,6 +2274,7 @@ _readHash(void)
 
 	ReadCommonPlan(&local_node->plan);
 
+	READ_NODE_FIELD(hashkeys);
 	READ_OID_FIELD(skewTable);
 	READ_INT_FIELD(skewColumn);
 	READ_BOOL_FIELD(skewInherit);
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
index 608d5adfed2..f7d486ed8e1 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
@@ -225,6 +225,7 @@ static HashJoin *make_hashjoin(List *tlist,
 							   Plan *lefttree, Plan *righttree,
 							   JoinType jointype, bool inner_unique);
 static Hash *make_hash(Plan *lefttree,
+					   List *hashkeys,
 					   Oid skewTable,
 					   AttrNumber skewColumn,
 					   bool skewInherit);
@@ -4381,9 +4382,11 @@ create_hashjoin_plan(PlannerInfo *root,
 	List	   *joinclauses;
 	List	   *otherclauses;
 	List	   *hashclauses;
+	List	   *hashkeys = NIL;
 	Oid			skewTable = InvalidOid;
 	AttrNumber	skewColumn = InvalidAttrNumber;
 	bool		skewInherit = false;
+	ListCell	*lc;
 
 	/*
 	 * HashJoin can project, so we don't have to demand exact tlists from the
@@ -4475,10 +4478,18 @@ create_hashjoin_plan(PlannerInfo *root,
 		}
 	}
 
+	foreach(lc, hashclauses)
+	{
+		OpExpr	   *hclause = (OpExpr *) lfirst(lc);
+
+		hashkeys = lappend(hashkeys, lsecond(hclause->args));
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Build the hash node and hash join node.
 	 */
 	hash_plan = make_hash(inner_plan,
+						  hashkeys,
 						  skewTable,
 						  skewColumn,
 						  skewInherit);
@@ -5568,6 +5579,7 @@ make_hashjoin(List *tlist,
 
 static Hash *
 make_hash(Plan *lefttree,
+		  List *hashkeys,
 		  Oid skewTable,
 		  AttrNumber skewColumn,
 		  bool skewInherit)
@@ -5580,6 +5592,7 @@ make_hash(Plan *lefttree,
 	plan->lefttree = lefttree;
 	plan->righttree = NULL;
 
+	node->hashkeys = hashkeys;
 	node->skewTable = skewTable;
 	node->skewColumn = skewColumn;
 	node->skewInherit = skewInherit;
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c
index dc11f098e0f..1b0564337f9 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/setrefs.c
@@ -646,6 +646,22 @@ set_plan_refs(PlannerInfo *root, Plan *plan, int rtoffset)
 			break;
 
 		case T_Hash:
+			{
+				Hash       *hplan = (Hash *) plan;
+				Plan	   *outer_plan = plan->lefttree;
+				indexed_tlist *outer_itlist;
+
+				outer_itlist = build_tlist_index(outer_plan->targetlist);
+
+				hplan->hashkeys = (List *)
+					fix_upper_expr(root,
+								   (Node *) hplan->hashkeys,
+								   outer_itlist,
+								   OUTER_VAR,
+								   rtoffset);
+			}
+			/* fall through */
+
 		case T_Material:
 		case T_Sort:
 		case T_Unique:
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/execnodes.h b/src/include/nodes/execnodes.h
index 99b9fa414f1..4c4194617ed 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/execnodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/execnodes.h
@@ -1852,7 +1852,6 @@ typedef struct MergeJoinState
  *
  *		hashclauses				original form of the hashjoin condition
  *		hj_OuterHashKeys		the outer hash keys in the hashjoin condition
- *		hj_InnerHashKeys		the inner hash keys in the hashjoin condition
  *		hj_HashOperators		the join operators in the hashjoin condition
  *		hj_HashTable			hash table for the hashjoin
  *								(NULL if table not built yet)
@@ -1883,7 +1882,6 @@ typedef struct HashJoinState
 	JoinState	js;				/* its first field is NodeTag */
 	ExprState  *hashclauses;
 	List	   *hj_OuterHashKeys;	/* list of ExprState nodes */
-	List	   *hj_InnerHashKeys;	/* list of ExprState nodes */
 	List	   *hj_HashOperators;	/* list of operator OIDs */
 	List	   *hj_Collations;
 	HashJoinTable hj_HashTable;
@@ -2222,7 +2220,6 @@ typedef struct HashState
 	PlanState	ps;				/* its first field is NodeTag */
 	HashJoinTable hashtable;	/* hash table for the hashjoin */
 	List	   *hashkeys;		/* list of ExprState nodes */
-	/* hashkeys is same as parent's hj_InnerHashKeys */
 
 	SharedHashInfo *shared_info;	/* one entry per worker */
 	HashInstrumentation *hinstrument;	/* this worker's entry */
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h b/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
index 70f8b8e22b7..f1bce9eb66c 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
@@ -904,6 +904,7 @@ typedef struct Hash
 	bool		skewInherit;	/* is outer join rel an inheritance tree? */
 	/* all other info is in the parent HashJoin node */
 	double		rows_total;		/* estimate total rows if parallel_aware */
+	List	   *hashkeys;		/* hash keys from the hashjoin condition */
 } Hash;
 
 /* ----------------
-- 
2.22.0.dirty


--rzixpp34lrjluasu--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v7 5/5] Change RELATION and DATABASE stats to anytime flush
@ 2026-01-19 06:27  Bertrand Drouvot <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 7+ messages in thread

From: Bertrand Drouvot @ 2026-01-19 06:27 UTC (permalink / raw)

This commit allows mixing fields with different transaction behavior within
the same RELATION or DATABASE statistics kind: some fields are transactional
(e.g., tuple inserts/updates/deletes) while others are non-transactional
(e.g., sequential scans, blocks read).

It modifies the relation flush callback to handle the anytime_only parameter
introduced in commit <nnnn>.

Implementation details:

- Change RELATION from FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY to FLUSH_ANYTIME
- Change DATABASE from FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY to FLUSH_ANYTIME
- Add a is_partial parameter to flush_pending_cb() to be able to distinguish
partial flushes in pgstat_flush_pending_entries()
- Modify pgstat_relation_flush_cb() to handle anytime_only parameter: when
true, then flush only non-transactional stats and when false, then flush all
the stats. When set to true, it clears flushed fields from pending stats to
prevent double-counting at transaction boundary

DATABASE stats inherit the anytime flush behavior so that relation-derived
stats (tuples_returned, tuples_fetched, blocks_fetched, blocks_hit) are
visible while transactions are in progress.

Tests are added to verify the anytime flush behavior for mixed fields.
---
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml                  |  37 ++++++-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c           |  15 +--
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c  |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c  |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c  |  92 ++++++++++++----
 .../utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c      |   6 +-
 src/include/pgstat.h                          |  27 ++++-
 src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h           |  16 ++-
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out         | 102 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out       | 102 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec           |  27 ++++-
 .../test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c |   9 +-
 12 files changed, 404 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-)
  11.7% doc/src/sgml/
  26.8% src/backend/utils/activity/
   4.2% src/include/utils/
   5.4% src/include/
  45.1% src/test/isolation/expected/
   4.7% src/test/isolation/specs/

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index b77d189a500..f2321b631b0 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -3767,6 +3767,19 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
    </tgroup>
   </table>
 
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    Some statistics are updated while a transaction is in progress (for example,
+    <structfield>blks_read</structfield>, <structfield>blks_hit</structfield>,
+    <structfield>tup_returned</structfield> and <structfield>tup_fetched</structfield>).
+    Statistics that either do not depend on transactions or require transactional
+    consistency are updated only when the transaction ends. Statistics that require
+    transactional consistency include <structfield>xact_commit</structfield>,
+    <structfield>xact_rollback</structfield>, <structfield>tup_inserted</structfield>,
+    <structfield>tup_updated</structfield> and <structfield>tup_deleted</structfield>.
+   </para>
+  </note>
+
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2 id="monitoring-pg-stat-database-conflicts-view">
@@ -3956,8 +3969,8 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
        <structfield>last_seq_scan</structfield> <type>timestamp with time zone</type>
       </para>
       <para>
-       The time of the last sequential scan on this table, based on the
-       most recent transaction stop time
+       The approximate time of the last sequential scan on this table, updated
+       at least every <varname>stats_flush_interval</varname>
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 
@@ -3984,8 +3997,8 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
        <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield> <type>timestamp with time zone</type>
       </para>
       <para>
-       The time of the last index scan on this table, based on the
-       most recent transaction stop time
+       The approximate time of the last index scan on this table, updated
+       at least every <varname>stats_flush_interval</varname>
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 
@@ -4223,6 +4236,15 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
    </tgroup>
   </table>
 
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    The <structfield>seq_scan</structfield>, <structfield>last_seq_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>seq_tup_read</structfield>, <structfield>idx_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield> and <structfield>idx_tup_fetch</structfield>
+    are updated while the transactions are in progress.
+   </para>
+  </note>
+
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2 id="monitoring-pg-stat-all-indexes-view">
@@ -4404,6 +4426,13 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
     tuples (see <xref linkend="indexes-multicolumn"/>).
    </para>
   </note>
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    The <structfield>idx_scan</structfield>, <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>idx_tup_read</structfield> and <structfield>idx_tup_fetch</structfield>
+    are updated while the transactions are in progress.
+   </para>
+  </note>
   <tip>
    <para>
     <command>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</command> outputs the total number of index
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
index dd85a27c52f..a20a87709c6 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_builtin_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_BUILTIN_SIZE]
 
 		.fixed_amount = false,
 		.write_to_file = true,
-		.flush_mode = FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY,
+		.flush_mode = FLUSH_ANYTIME,
 		/* so pg_stat_database entries can be seen in all databases */
 		.accessed_across_databases = true,
 
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_builtin_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_BUILTIN_SIZE]
 
 		.fixed_amount = false,
 		.write_to_file = true,
-		.flush_mode = FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY,
+		.flush_mode = FLUSH_ANYTIME,
 
 		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Relation),
 		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Relation, stats),
@@ -1347,7 +1347,8 @@ pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
 /*
  * Flush out pending variable-numbered stats.
  *
- * If anytime_only is true, only flushes FLUSH_ANYTIME entries.
+ * If anytime_only is true, only flushes FLUSH_ANYTIME entries. For entries
+ * that support it, the callback may flush only non-transactional fields.
  * This is safe to call inside transactions.
  *
  * If anytime_only is false, flushes all entries.
@@ -1378,6 +1379,7 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		PgStat_Kind kind = key.kind;
 		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_get_kind_info(kind);
 		bool		did_flush;
+		bool		is_partial_flush = false;
 		dlist_node *next;
 
 		Assert(!kind_info->fixed_amount);
@@ -1398,7 +1400,8 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		}
 
 		/* flush the stats, if possible */
-		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait, anytime_only);
+		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait,
+												anytime_only, &is_partial_flush);
 
 		Assert(did_flush || nowait);
 
@@ -1408,8 +1411,8 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		else
 			next = NULL;
 
-		/* if successfully flushed, remove entry */
-		if (did_flush)
+		/* if successfull non-partial flush, remove entry */
+		if (did_flush && !is_partial_flush)
 			pgstat_delete_pending_entry(entry_ref);
 		else
 			have_pending = true;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
index 8e86df60461..59dd0790fd7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
@@ -435,7 +435,8 @@ pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStatShared_Database *sharedent;
 	PgStat_StatDBEntry *pendingent;
@@ -443,6 +444,9 @@ pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	pendingent = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	sharedent = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
index 5ba4958382f..44193c93fc7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
@@ -190,7 +190,8 @@ pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu, bool finalize)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_FunctionCounts *localent;
 	PgStatShared_Function *shfuncent;
@@ -200,6 +201,9 @@ pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	localent = (PgStat_FunctionCounts *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shfuncent = (PgStatShared_Function *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
index ae2952cae89..62363dacfe1 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
@@ -47,7 +47,19 @@ static void add_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info, int nest_lev
 static void ensure_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info);
 static void save_truncdrop_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans, bool is_drop);
 static void restore_truncdrop_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans);
+static void flush_relation_anytime_stats(PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry,
+										 PgStat_TableCounts *counts, bool anytime_only);
 
+/*
+ * Update database statistics with non-transactional stats.
+ */
+#define UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, counts)				\
+	do {															\
+		(dbentry)->tuples_returned += (counts)->tuples_returned;	\
+		(dbentry)->tuples_fetched += (counts)->tuples_fetched;		\
+		(dbentry)->blocks_fetched += (counts)->blocks_fetched;		\
+		(dbentry)->blocks_hit += (counts)->blocks_hit;				\
+	} while (0)
 
 /*
  * Copy stats between relations. This is used for things like REINDEX
@@ -789,6 +801,29 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(FullTransactionId fxid, uint16 info,
 		rec->tuples_inserted + rec->tuples_updated;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Helper function to flush non-transactional statistics.
+ */
+static void
+flush_relation_anytime_stats(PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry, PgStat_TableCounts *counts,
+							 bool anytime_only)
+{
+	TimestampTz t;
+
+	tabentry->numscans += counts->numscans;
+	if (counts->numscans)
+	{
+		t = anytime_only ? GetCurrentTimestamp() : GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
+		if (t > tabentry->lastscan)
+			tabentry->lastscan = t;
+	}
+
+	tabentry->tuples_returned += counts->tuples_returned;
+	tabentry->tuples_fetched += counts->tuples_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_fetched += counts->blocks_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_hit += counts->blocks_hit;
+}
+
 /*
  * Flush out pending stats for the entry
  *
@@ -797,9 +832,17 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(FullTransactionId fxid, uint16 info,
  *
  * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
  * entry when successfully flushing.
+ *
+ * If anytime_only is true, only non-transactional fields are flushed
+ * (numscans, tuples_returned, tuples_fetched, blocks_fetched, blocks_hit).
+ * Transactional fields remain pending until transaction boundary.
+ *
+ * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
+ * entry when successfully flushing.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	Oid			dboid;
 	PgStat_TableStatus *lstats; /* pending stats entry  */
@@ -807,12 +850,13 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;	/* table entry of shared stats */
 	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;	/* pending database entry */
 
-	Assert(!anytime_only);
-
 	dboid = entry_ref->shared_entry->key.dboid;
 	lstats = (PgStat_TableStatus *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shtabstats = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is a partial flush if in anytime only mode */
+	*is_partial = anytime_only;
+
 	/*
 	 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such as
 	 * indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
@@ -824,19 +868,36 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
-	/* add the values to the shared entry. */
 	tabentry = &shtabstats->stats;
 
-	tabentry->numscans += lstats->counts.numscans;
-	if (lstats->counts.numscans)
+	if (anytime_only)
 	{
-		TimestampTz t = GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
 
-		if (t > tabentry->lastscan)
-			tabentry->lastscan = t;
+		/* Flush non-transactional statistics */
+		flush_relation_anytime_stats(tabentry, &lstats->counts, true);
+
+		pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+
+		/* Also update the corresponding fields in database stats */
+		dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
+		UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, &lstats->counts);
+
+		/*
+		 * Clear the flushed fields from pending stats to prevent
+		 * double-counting when we flush all fields at transaction boundary.
+		 */
+		lstats->counts.numscans = 0;
+		lstats->counts.tuples_returned = 0;
+		lstats->counts.tuples_fetched = 0;
+		lstats->counts.blocks_fetched = 0;
+		lstats->counts.blocks_hit = 0;
+
+		return true;
 	}
-	tabentry->tuples_returned += lstats->counts.tuples_returned;
-	tabentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->counts.tuples_fetched;
+
+	/* Flush non-transactional statistics */
+	flush_relation_anytime_stats(tabentry, &lstats->counts, false);
+
 	tabentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 	tabentry->tuples_updated += lstats->counts.tuples_updated;
 	tabentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->counts.tuples_deleted;
@@ -866,9 +927,6 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	 */
 	tabentry->ins_since_vacuum += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 
-	tabentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->counts.blocks_fetched;
-	tabentry->blocks_hit += lstats->counts.blocks_hit;
-
 	/* Clamp live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
 	tabentry->live_tuples = Max(tabentry->live_tuples, 0);
 	/* Likewise for dead_tuples */
@@ -878,13 +936,11 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 
 	/* The entry was successfully flushed, add the same to database stats */
 	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
-	dbentry->tuples_returned += lstats->counts.tuples_returned;
-	dbentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->counts.tuples_fetched;
+	UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, &lstats->counts);
+
 	dbentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 	dbentry->tuples_updated += lstats->counts.tuples_updated;
 	dbentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->counts.tuples_deleted;
-	dbentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->counts.blocks_fetched;
-	dbentry->blocks_hit += lstats->counts.blocks_hit;
 
 	return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
index c4614817966..43fec86c635 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
@@ -116,7 +116,8 @@ pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+							 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *localent;
 	PgStatShared_Subscription *shsubent;
@@ -126,6 +127,9 @@ pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anyti
 	localent = (PgStat_BackendSubEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shsubent = (PgStatShared_Subscription *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index ef856dbf55b..06639198f28 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "utils/backend_status.h"	/* for backward compatibility */	/* IWYU pragma: export */
 #include "utils/pgstat_kind.h"
 #include "utils/relcache.h"
+#include "utils/timeout.h"
 #include "utils/wait_event.h"	/* for backward compatibility */	/* IWYU pragma: export */
 
 
@@ -537,10 +538,11 @@ extern void pgstat_report_anytime_stat(bool force);
 extern void pgstat_force_next_flush(void);
 
 /*
- * Schedule the next anytime stats update timeout.
+ * Schedule the next anytime stats update timeout and mark that we have
+ * mixed anytime stats pending.
  *
  * This should be called whenever accumulating statistics that support
- * FLUSH_ANYTIME flushing mode.
+ * FLUSH_ANYTIME or FLUSH_MIXED flushing modes.
  */
 #define pgstat_schedule_anytime_update()												\
 	do {																				\
@@ -703,37 +705,58 @@ extern void pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 #define pgstat_count_heap_scan(rel)									\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.numscans++;					\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_heap_getnext(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_returned++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_heap_fetch(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_fetched++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_index_scan(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.numscans++;					\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_index_tuples(rel, n)							\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_returned += (n);		\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_buffer_read(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.blocks_fetched++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_buffer_hit(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.blocks_hit++;				\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 
 extern void pgstat_count_heap_insert(Relation rel, PgStat_Counter n);
diff --git a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
index 607f4255268..1a2114aad8a 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
@@ -322,8 +322,10 @@ typedef struct PgStat_KindInfo
 	 * that cannot use PgStat_EntryRef->pending.
 	 *
 	 * The anytime_only parameter indicates whether this is an anytime flush.
+	 * The is_partial parameter indicates whether this is a partial flush.
 	 */
-	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 
 	/*
 	 * For variable-numbered stats: delete pending stats. Optional.
@@ -757,7 +759,8 @@ extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
 
 extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_prep_database_pending(Oid dboid);
 extern void pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts);
-extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
@@ -765,7 +768,8 @@ extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, Time
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
  */
 
-extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_function_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
@@ -790,7 +794,8 @@ extern void AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool
 extern void AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 extern void PostPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 
-extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
 extern void pgstat_relation_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
@@ -858,7 +863,8 @@ extern void pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb(void);
  * Functions in pgstat_subscription.c
  */
 
-extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+										 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
index cfad309ccf3..11e3e57806d 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
@@ -2245,6 +2245,108 @@ seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum
 (1 row)
 
 
+starting permutation: s2_begin s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_off s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_on s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_table_drop s2_commit
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+------------------------
+                        
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_off: SET track_counts = off;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_on: SET track_counts = on;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       2|           2|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_table_drop: DROP TABLE test_stat_tab;
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+
 starting permutation: s1_track_counts_off s1_table_stats s1_track_counts_on
 pg_stat_force_next_flush
 ------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
index e1d937784cb..aef582e7582 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
@@ -2253,6 +2253,108 @@ seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum
 (1 row)
 
 
+starting permutation: s2_begin s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_off s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_on s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_table_drop s2_commit
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+------------------------
+                        
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_off: SET track_counts = off;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_on: SET track_counts = on;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       2|           2|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_table_drop: DROP TABLE test_stat_tab;
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+
 starting permutation: s1_track_counts_off s1_table_stats s1_track_counts_on
 pg_stat_force_next_flush
 ------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
index da16710da0f..47414eb6009 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
+++ b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ step s1_rollback { ROLLBACK; }
 step s1_prepare_a { PREPARE TRANSACTION 'a'; }
 step s1_commit_prepared_a { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s1_rollback_prepared_a { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
+# Has to be greater than session 2 stats_flush_interval
+step s1_sleep { SELECT pg_sleep(1.5); }
 
 # Function stats steps
 step s1_ff { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
@@ -132,12 +134,16 @@ step s1_slru_check_stats {
 
 
 session s2
-setup { SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none'; }
+setup {
+        SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none';
+        SET stats_flush_interval = '1s';
+}
 step s2_begin { BEGIN; }
 step s2_commit { COMMIT; }
 step s2_commit_prepared_a { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s2_rollback_prepared_a { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s2_ff { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
+step s2_table_drop { DROP TABLE test_stat_tab; }
 
 # Function stats steps
 step s2_track_funcs_all { SET track_functions = 'all'; }
@@ -156,6 +162,8 @@ step s2_func_stats {
 }
 
 # Relation stats steps
+step s2_track_counts_on { SET track_counts = on; }
+step s2_track_counts_off { SET track_counts = off; }
 step s2_table_select { SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value; }
 step s2_table_update_k1 { UPDATE test_stat_tab SET value = value + 1 WHERE key = 'k1';}
 
@@ -435,6 +443,23 @@ permutation
   s1_table_drop
   s1_table_stats
 
+### Check that some stats are updated (seq_scan and seq_tup_read)
+### while the transaction is still running
+permutation
+  s2_begin
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_track_counts_off
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_track_counts_on
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_table_drop
+  s2_commit
 
 ### Check that we don't count changes with track counts off, but allow access
 ### to prior stats
diff --git a/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c b/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
index 207e841911b..ffcda7b6c7a 100644
--- a/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
+++ b/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
@@ -84,7 +84,8 @@ static dsa_area *custom_stats_description_dsa = NULL;
 
 /* Flush callback: merge pending stats into shared memory */
 static bool test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref,
-												   bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+												   bool nowait, bool anytime_only,
+												   bool *is_partial);
 
 /* Serialization callback: write auxiliary entry data */
 static void test_custom_stats_var_to_serialized_data(const PgStat_HashKey *key,
@@ -152,7 +153,8 @@ _PG_init(void)
  * Returns false only if nowait=true and lock acquisition fails.
  */
 static bool
-test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									   bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_StatCustomVarEntry *pending_entry;
 	PgStatShared_CustomVarEntry *shared_entry;
@@ -160,6 +162,9 @@ test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
 	pending_entry = (PgStat_StatCustomVarEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shared_entry = (PgStatShared_CustomVarEntry *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
-- 
2.34.1


--C2xzVbxFmVrP7k6O--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v6 5/5] Change RELATION and DATABASE stats to anytime flush
@ 2026-01-19 06:27  Bertrand Drouvot <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 7+ messages in thread

From: Bertrand Drouvot @ 2026-01-19 06:27 UTC (permalink / raw)

This commit allows mixing fields with different transaction behavior within
the same RELATION or DATABASE statistics kind: some fields are transactional
(e.g., tuple inserts/updates/deletes) while others are non-transactional
(e.g., sequential scans, blocks read).

It modifies the relation flush callback to handle the anytime_only parameter
introduced in commit <nnnn>.

Implementation details:

- Change RELATION from FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY to FLUSH_ANYTIME
- Change DATABASE from FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY to FLUSH_ANYTIME
- Modify pgstat_relation_flush_cb() to handle anytime_only parameter: when
true, then flush only non-transactional stats and when false, then flush all
the stats. When set to true, it clears flushed fields from pending stats to
prevent double-counting at transaction boundary

DATABASE stats inherit the anytime flush behavior so that relation-derived
stats (tuples_returned, tuples_fetched, blocks_fetched, blocks_hit) are
visible while transactions are in progress.

Tests are added to verify the anytime flush behavior for mixed fields.
---
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml                 |  37 ++++++-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c          |  17 ++--
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c |  86 ++++++++++++----
 src/include/pgstat.h                         |  27 ++++-
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out        | 102 +++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out      | 102 +++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec          |  27 ++++-
 7 files changed, 368 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)
  13.0% doc/src/sgml/
  25.9% src/backend/utils/activity/
   6.0% src/include/
  49.8% src/test/isolation/expected/
   5.1% src/test/isolation/specs/

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index b77d189a500..aa7bd2e2e2a 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -3767,6 +3767,19 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
    </tgroup>
   </table>
 
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    Some statistics are updated while a transaction is in progress (for example,
+    <structfield>blks_read</structfield>, <structfield>blks_hit</structfield>,
+    <structfield>tup_returned</structfield> and <structfield>tup_fetched</structfield>).
+     Statistics that either do not depend on transactions or require transactional
+     consistency are updated only when the transaction ends. Statistics that require
+     transactional consistency include <structfield>xact_commit</structfield>,
+     <structfield>xact_rollback</structfield>, <structfield>tup_inserted</structfield>,
+     <structfield>tup_updated</structfield> and <structfield>tup_deleted</structfield>.
+   </para>
+  </note>
+
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2 id="monitoring-pg-stat-database-conflicts-view">
@@ -3956,8 +3969,8 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
        <structfield>last_seq_scan</structfield> <type>timestamp with time zone</type>
       </para>
       <para>
-       The time of the last sequential scan on this table, based on the
-       most recent transaction stop time
+       The approximate time of the last sequential scan on this table, updated
+       at least every <varname>stats_flush_interval</varname>
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 
@@ -3984,8 +3997,8 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
        <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield> <type>timestamp with time zone</type>
       </para>
       <para>
-       The time of the last index scan on this table, based on the
-       most recent transaction stop time
+       The approximate time of the last index scan on this table, updated
+       at least every <varname>stats_flush_interval</varname>
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 
@@ -4223,6 +4236,15 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
    </tgroup>
   </table>
 
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    The <structfield>seq_scan</structfield>, <structfield>last_seq_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>seq_tup_read</structfield>, <structfield>idx_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield> and <structfield>idx_tup_fetch</structfield>
+    are updated while the transactions are in progress.
+   </para>
+  </note>
+
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2 id="monitoring-pg-stat-all-indexes-view">
@@ -4404,6 +4426,13 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
     tuples (see <xref linkend="indexes-multicolumn"/>).
    </para>
   </note>
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    The <structfield>idx_scan</structfield>, <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>idx_tup_read</structfield> and <structfield>idx_tup_fetch</structfield>
+    are updated while the transactions are in progress.
+   </para>
+  </note>
   <tip>
    <para>
     <command>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</command> outputs the total number of index
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
index 79eb59b5625..9234185de64 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_builtin_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_BUILTIN_SIZE]
 
 		.fixed_amount = false,
 		.write_to_file = true,
-		.flush_mode = FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY,
+		.flush_mode = FLUSH_ANYTIME,
 		/* so pg_stat_database entries can be seen in all databases */
 		.accessed_across_databases = true,
 
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_builtin_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_BUILTIN_SIZE]
 
 		.fixed_amount = false,
 		.write_to_file = true,
-		.flush_mode = FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY,
+		.flush_mode = FLUSH_ANYTIME,
 
 		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Relation),
 		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Relation, stats),
@@ -1344,10 +1344,12 @@ pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
 	dlist_delete(&entry_ref->pending_node);
 }
 
+
 /*
  * Flush out pending variable-numbered stats.
  *
- * If anytime_only is true, only flushes FLUSH_ANYTIME entries.
+ * If anytime_only is true, only flushes FLUSH_ANYTIME entries. For entries
+ * that support it, the callback may flush only non-transactional fields.
  * This is safe to call inside transactions.
  *
  * If anytime_only is false, flushes all entries.
@@ -1378,6 +1380,7 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		PgStat_Kind kind = key.kind;
 		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_get_kind_info(kind);
 		bool		did_flush;
+		bool		is_partial_flush = false;
 		dlist_node *next;
 
 		Assert(!kind_info->fixed_amount);
@@ -1397,19 +1400,21 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		/* flush the stats, if possible */
 		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait, anytime_only);
 
 		Assert(did_flush || nowait);
 
+		/* Partial flush only happens in anytime mode for FLUSH_ANYTIME stats */
+		is_partial_flush = (anytime_only && kind_info->flush_mode == FLUSH_ANYTIME);
+
 		/* determine next entry, before deleting the pending entry */
 		if (dlist_has_next(&pgStatPending, cur))
 			next = dlist_next_node(&pgStatPending, cur);
 		else
 			next = NULL;
 
-		/* if successfully flushed, remove entry */
-		if (did_flush)
+		/* if successfull non-partial flush, remove entry */
+		if (did_flush && !is_partial_flush)
 			pgstat_delete_pending_entry(entry_ref);
 		else
 			have_pending = true;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
index ae2952cae89..10ab9e4cc76 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
@@ -47,7 +47,19 @@ static void add_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info, int nest_lev
 static void ensure_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info);
 static void save_truncdrop_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans, bool is_drop);
 static void restore_truncdrop_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans);
+static void flush_relation_anytime_stats(PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry,
+										 PgStat_TableCounts *counts, bool anytime_only);
 
+/*
+ * Update database statistics with non-transactional stats.
+ */
+#define UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, counts)				\
+	do {															\
+		(dbentry)->tuples_returned += (counts)->tuples_returned;	\
+		(dbentry)->tuples_fetched += (counts)->tuples_fetched;		\
+		(dbentry)->blocks_fetched += (counts)->blocks_fetched;		\
+		(dbentry)->blocks_hit += (counts)->blocks_hit;				\
+	} while (0)
 
 /*
  * Copy stats between relations. This is used for things like REINDEX
@@ -789,6 +801,29 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(FullTransactionId fxid, uint16 info,
 		rec->tuples_inserted + rec->tuples_updated;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Helper function to flush non-transactional statistics.
+ */
+static void
+flush_relation_anytime_stats(PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry, PgStat_TableCounts *counts,
+							 bool anytime_only)
+{
+	TimestampTz t;
+
+	tabentry->numscans += counts->numscans;
+	if (counts->numscans)
+	{
+		t = anytime_only ? GetCurrentTimestamp() : GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
+		if (t > tabentry->lastscan)
+			tabentry->lastscan = t;
+	}
+
+	tabentry->tuples_returned += counts->tuples_returned;
+	tabentry->tuples_fetched += counts->tuples_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_fetched += counts->blocks_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_hit += counts->blocks_hit;
+}
+
 /*
  * Flush out pending stats for the entry
  *
@@ -797,6 +832,13 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(FullTransactionId fxid, uint16 info,
  *
  * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
  * entry when successfully flushing.
+ *
+ * If anytime_only is true, only non-transactional fields are flushed
+ * (numscans, tuples_returned, tuples_fetched, blocks_fetched, blocks_hit).
+ * Transactional fields remain pending until transaction boundary.
+ *
+ * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
+ * entry when successfully flushing.
  */
 bool
 pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
@@ -807,8 +849,6 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;	/* table entry of shared stats */
 	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;	/* pending database entry */
 
-	Assert(!anytime_only);
-
 	dboid = entry_ref->shared_entry->key.dboid;
 	lstats = (PgStat_TableStatus *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shtabstats = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
@@ -824,19 +864,36 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
-	/* add the values to the shared entry. */
 	tabentry = &shtabstats->stats;
 
-	tabentry->numscans += lstats->counts.numscans;
-	if (lstats->counts.numscans)
+	if (anytime_only)
 	{
-		TimestampTz t = GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
 
-		if (t > tabentry->lastscan)
-			tabentry->lastscan = t;
+		/* Flush non-transactional statistics */
+		flush_relation_anytime_stats(tabentry, &lstats->counts, true);
+
+		pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+
+		/* Also update the corresponding fields in database stats */
+		dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
+		UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, &lstats->counts);
+
+		/*
+		 * Clear the flushed fields from pending stats to prevent
+		 * double-counting when we flush all fields at transaction boundary.
+		 */
+		lstats->counts.numscans = 0;
+		lstats->counts.tuples_returned = 0;
+		lstats->counts.tuples_fetched = 0;
+		lstats->counts.blocks_fetched = 0;
+		lstats->counts.blocks_hit = 0;
+
+		return true;
 	}
-	tabentry->tuples_returned += lstats->counts.tuples_returned;
-	tabentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->counts.tuples_fetched;
+
+	/* Flush non-transactional statistics */
+	flush_relation_anytime_stats(tabentry, &lstats->counts, false);
+
 	tabentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 	tabentry->tuples_updated += lstats->counts.tuples_updated;
 	tabentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->counts.tuples_deleted;
@@ -866,9 +923,6 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	 */
 	tabentry->ins_since_vacuum += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 
-	tabentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->counts.blocks_fetched;
-	tabentry->blocks_hit += lstats->counts.blocks_hit;
-
 	/* Clamp live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
 	tabentry->live_tuples = Max(tabentry->live_tuples, 0);
 	/* Likewise for dead_tuples */
@@ -878,13 +932,11 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 
 	/* The entry was successfully flushed, add the same to database stats */
 	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
-	dbentry->tuples_returned += lstats->counts.tuples_returned;
-	dbentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->counts.tuples_fetched;
+	UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, &lstats->counts);
+
 	dbentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 	dbentry->tuples_updated += lstats->counts.tuples_updated;
 	dbentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->counts.tuples_deleted;
-	dbentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->counts.blocks_fetched;
-	dbentry->blocks_hit += lstats->counts.blocks_hit;
 
 	return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index ef856dbf55b..06639198f28 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "utils/backend_status.h"	/* for backward compatibility */	/* IWYU pragma: export */
 #include "utils/pgstat_kind.h"
 #include "utils/relcache.h"
+#include "utils/timeout.h"
 #include "utils/wait_event.h"	/* for backward compatibility */	/* IWYU pragma: export */
 
 
@@ -537,10 +538,11 @@ extern void pgstat_report_anytime_stat(bool force);
 extern void pgstat_force_next_flush(void);
 
 /*
- * Schedule the next anytime stats update timeout.
+ * Schedule the next anytime stats update timeout and mark that we have
+ * mixed anytime stats pending.
  *
  * This should be called whenever accumulating statistics that support
- * FLUSH_ANYTIME flushing mode.
+ * FLUSH_ANYTIME or FLUSH_MIXED flushing modes.
  */
 #define pgstat_schedule_anytime_update()												\
 	do {																				\
@@ -703,37 +705,58 @@ extern void pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 #define pgstat_count_heap_scan(rel)									\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.numscans++;					\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_heap_getnext(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_returned++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_heap_fetch(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_fetched++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_index_scan(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.numscans++;					\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_index_tuples(rel, n)							\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_returned += (n);		\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_buffer_read(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.blocks_fetched++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_buffer_hit(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.blocks_hit++;				\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 
 extern void pgstat_count_heap_insert(Relation rel, PgStat_Counter n);
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
index cfad309ccf3..11e3e57806d 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
@@ -2245,6 +2245,108 @@ seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum
 (1 row)
 
 
+starting permutation: s2_begin s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_off s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_on s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_table_drop s2_commit
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+------------------------
+                        
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_off: SET track_counts = off;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_on: SET track_counts = on;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       2|           2|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_table_drop: DROP TABLE test_stat_tab;
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+
 starting permutation: s1_track_counts_off s1_table_stats s1_track_counts_on
 pg_stat_force_next_flush
 ------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
index e1d937784cb..aef582e7582 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
@@ -2253,6 +2253,108 @@ seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum
 (1 row)
 
 
+starting permutation: s2_begin s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_off s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_on s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_table_drop s2_commit
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+------------------------
+                        
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_off: SET track_counts = off;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_on: SET track_counts = on;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       2|           2|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_table_drop: DROP TABLE test_stat_tab;
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+
 starting permutation: s1_track_counts_off s1_table_stats s1_track_counts_on
 pg_stat_force_next_flush
 ------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
index da16710da0f..47414eb6009 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
+++ b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ step s1_rollback { ROLLBACK; }
 step s1_prepare_a { PREPARE TRANSACTION 'a'; }
 step s1_commit_prepared_a { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s1_rollback_prepared_a { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
+# Has to be greater than session 2 stats_flush_interval
+step s1_sleep { SELECT pg_sleep(1.5); }
 
 # Function stats steps
 step s1_ff { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
@@ -132,12 +134,16 @@ step s1_slru_check_stats {
 
 
 session s2
-setup { SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none'; }
+setup {
+        SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none';
+        SET stats_flush_interval = '1s';
+}
 step s2_begin { BEGIN; }
 step s2_commit { COMMIT; }
 step s2_commit_prepared_a { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s2_rollback_prepared_a { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s2_ff { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
+step s2_table_drop { DROP TABLE test_stat_tab; }
 
 # Function stats steps
 step s2_track_funcs_all { SET track_functions = 'all'; }
@@ -156,6 +162,8 @@ step s2_func_stats {
 }
 
 # Relation stats steps
+step s2_track_counts_on { SET track_counts = on; }
+step s2_track_counts_off { SET track_counts = off; }
 step s2_table_select { SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value; }
 step s2_table_update_k1 { UPDATE test_stat_tab SET value = value + 1 WHERE key = 'k1';}
 
@@ -435,6 +443,23 @@ permutation
   s1_table_drop
   s1_table_stats
 
+### Check that some stats are updated (seq_scan and seq_tup_read)
+### while the transaction is still running
+permutation
+  s2_begin
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_track_counts_off
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_track_counts_on
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_table_drop
+  s2_commit
 
 ### Check that we don't count changes with track counts off, but allow access
 ### to prior stats
-- 
2.34.1


--DxqFthphbM+ha9Dy--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v8 5/5] Change RELATION and DATABASE stats to anytime flush
@ 2026-01-19 06:27  Bertrand Drouvot <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 7+ messages in thread

From: Bertrand Drouvot @ 2026-01-19 06:27 UTC (permalink / raw)

This commit allows mixing fields with different transaction behavior within
the same RELATION or DATABASE statistics kind: some fields are transactional
(e.g., tuple inserts/updates/deletes) while others are non-transactional
(e.g., sequential scans, blocks read).

It modifies the relation flush callback to handle the anytime_only parameter
introduced in commit <nnnn>.

Implementation details:

- Change RELATION from FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY to FLUSH_ANYTIME
- Change DATABASE from FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY to FLUSH_ANYTIME
- Add a is_partial parameter to flush_pending_cb() to be able to distinguish
partial flushes in pgstat_flush_pending_entries()
- Modify pgstat_relation_flush_cb() to handle anytime_only parameter: when
true, then flush only non-transactional stats and when false, then flush all
the stats. When set to true, it clears flushed fields from pending stats to
prevent double-counting at transaction boundary

DATABASE stats inherit the anytime flush behavior so that relation-derived
stats (tuples_returned, tuples_fetched, blocks_fetched, blocks_hit) are
visible while transactions are in progress.

Tests are added to verify the anytime flush behavior for mixed fields.
---
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml                  |  37 ++++++-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c           |  15 +--
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c  |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c  |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c  |  92 ++++++++++++----
 .../utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c      |   6 +-
 src/include/pgstat.h                          |  27 ++++-
 src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h           |  16 ++-
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out         | 102 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out       | 102 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec           |  27 ++++-
 .../test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c |   9 +-
 12 files changed, 404 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-)
  11.7% doc/src/sgml/
  26.8% src/backend/utils/activity/
   4.2% src/include/utils/
   5.4% src/include/
  45.1% src/test/isolation/expected/
   4.7% src/test/isolation/specs/

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index b77d189a500..f2321b631b0 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -3767,6 +3767,19 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
    </tgroup>
   </table>
 
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    Some statistics are updated while a transaction is in progress (for example,
+    <structfield>blks_read</structfield>, <structfield>blks_hit</structfield>,
+    <structfield>tup_returned</structfield> and <structfield>tup_fetched</structfield>).
+    Statistics that either do not depend on transactions or require transactional
+    consistency are updated only when the transaction ends. Statistics that require
+    transactional consistency include <structfield>xact_commit</structfield>,
+    <structfield>xact_rollback</structfield>, <structfield>tup_inserted</structfield>,
+    <structfield>tup_updated</structfield> and <structfield>tup_deleted</structfield>.
+   </para>
+  </note>
+
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2 id="monitoring-pg-stat-database-conflicts-view">
@@ -3956,8 +3969,8 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
        <structfield>last_seq_scan</structfield> <type>timestamp with time zone</type>
       </para>
       <para>
-       The time of the last sequential scan on this table, based on the
-       most recent transaction stop time
+       The approximate time of the last sequential scan on this table, updated
+       at least every <varname>stats_flush_interval</varname>
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 
@@ -3984,8 +3997,8 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
        <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield> <type>timestamp with time zone</type>
       </para>
       <para>
-       The time of the last index scan on this table, based on the
-       most recent transaction stop time
+       The approximate time of the last index scan on this table, updated
+       at least every <varname>stats_flush_interval</varname>
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 
@@ -4223,6 +4236,15 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
    </tgroup>
   </table>
 
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    The <structfield>seq_scan</structfield>, <structfield>last_seq_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>seq_tup_read</structfield>, <structfield>idx_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield> and <structfield>idx_tup_fetch</structfield>
+    are updated while the transactions are in progress.
+   </para>
+  </note>
+
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2 id="monitoring-pg-stat-all-indexes-view">
@@ -4404,6 +4426,13 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
     tuples (see <xref linkend="indexes-multicolumn"/>).
    </para>
   </note>
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    The <structfield>idx_scan</structfield>, <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>idx_tup_read</structfield> and <structfield>idx_tup_fetch</structfield>
+    are updated while the transactions are in progress.
+   </para>
+  </note>
   <tip>
    <para>
     <command>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</command> outputs the total number of index
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
index dd85a27c52f..a20a87709c6 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_builtin_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_BUILTIN_SIZE]
 
 		.fixed_amount = false,
 		.write_to_file = true,
-		.flush_mode = FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY,
+		.flush_mode = FLUSH_ANYTIME,
 		/* so pg_stat_database entries can be seen in all databases */
 		.accessed_across_databases = true,
 
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_builtin_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_BUILTIN_SIZE]
 
 		.fixed_amount = false,
 		.write_to_file = true,
-		.flush_mode = FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY,
+		.flush_mode = FLUSH_ANYTIME,
 
 		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Relation),
 		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Relation, stats),
@@ -1347,7 +1347,8 @@ pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
 /*
  * Flush out pending variable-numbered stats.
  *
- * If anytime_only is true, only flushes FLUSH_ANYTIME entries.
+ * If anytime_only is true, only flushes FLUSH_ANYTIME entries. For entries
+ * that support it, the callback may flush only non-transactional fields.
  * This is safe to call inside transactions.
  *
  * If anytime_only is false, flushes all entries.
@@ -1378,6 +1379,7 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		PgStat_Kind kind = key.kind;
 		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_get_kind_info(kind);
 		bool		did_flush;
+		bool		is_partial_flush = false;
 		dlist_node *next;
 
 		Assert(!kind_info->fixed_amount);
@@ -1398,7 +1400,8 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		}
 
 		/* flush the stats, if possible */
-		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait, anytime_only);
+		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait,
+												anytime_only, &is_partial_flush);
 
 		Assert(did_flush || nowait);
 
@@ -1408,8 +1411,8 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		else
 			next = NULL;
 
-		/* if successfully flushed, remove entry */
-		if (did_flush)
+		/* if successfull non-partial flush, remove entry */
+		if (did_flush && !is_partial_flush)
 			pgstat_delete_pending_entry(entry_ref);
 		else
 			have_pending = true;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
index 8e86df60461..59dd0790fd7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
@@ -435,7 +435,8 @@ pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStatShared_Database *sharedent;
 	PgStat_StatDBEntry *pendingent;
@@ -443,6 +444,9 @@ pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	pendingent = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	sharedent = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
index 5ba4958382f..44193c93fc7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
@@ -190,7 +190,8 @@ pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu, bool finalize)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_FunctionCounts *localent;
 	PgStatShared_Function *shfuncent;
@@ -200,6 +201,9 @@ pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	localent = (PgStat_FunctionCounts *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shfuncent = (PgStatShared_Function *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
index ae2952cae89..62363dacfe1 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
@@ -47,7 +47,19 @@ static void add_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info, int nest_lev
 static void ensure_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info);
 static void save_truncdrop_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans, bool is_drop);
 static void restore_truncdrop_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans);
+static void flush_relation_anytime_stats(PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry,
+										 PgStat_TableCounts *counts, bool anytime_only);
 
+/*
+ * Update database statistics with non-transactional stats.
+ */
+#define UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, counts)				\
+	do {															\
+		(dbentry)->tuples_returned += (counts)->tuples_returned;	\
+		(dbentry)->tuples_fetched += (counts)->tuples_fetched;		\
+		(dbentry)->blocks_fetched += (counts)->blocks_fetched;		\
+		(dbentry)->blocks_hit += (counts)->blocks_hit;				\
+	} while (0)
 
 /*
  * Copy stats between relations. This is used for things like REINDEX
@@ -789,6 +801,29 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(FullTransactionId fxid, uint16 info,
 		rec->tuples_inserted + rec->tuples_updated;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Helper function to flush non-transactional statistics.
+ */
+static void
+flush_relation_anytime_stats(PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry, PgStat_TableCounts *counts,
+							 bool anytime_only)
+{
+	TimestampTz t;
+
+	tabentry->numscans += counts->numscans;
+	if (counts->numscans)
+	{
+		t = anytime_only ? GetCurrentTimestamp() : GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
+		if (t > tabentry->lastscan)
+			tabentry->lastscan = t;
+	}
+
+	tabentry->tuples_returned += counts->tuples_returned;
+	tabentry->tuples_fetched += counts->tuples_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_fetched += counts->blocks_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_hit += counts->blocks_hit;
+}
+
 /*
  * Flush out pending stats for the entry
  *
@@ -797,9 +832,17 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(FullTransactionId fxid, uint16 info,
  *
  * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
  * entry when successfully flushing.
+ *
+ * If anytime_only is true, only non-transactional fields are flushed
+ * (numscans, tuples_returned, tuples_fetched, blocks_fetched, blocks_hit).
+ * Transactional fields remain pending until transaction boundary.
+ *
+ * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
+ * entry when successfully flushing.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	Oid			dboid;
 	PgStat_TableStatus *lstats; /* pending stats entry  */
@@ -807,12 +850,13 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;	/* table entry of shared stats */
 	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;	/* pending database entry */
 
-	Assert(!anytime_only);
-
 	dboid = entry_ref->shared_entry->key.dboid;
 	lstats = (PgStat_TableStatus *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shtabstats = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is a partial flush if in anytime only mode */
+	*is_partial = anytime_only;
+
 	/*
 	 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such as
 	 * indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
@@ -824,19 +868,36 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
-	/* add the values to the shared entry. */
 	tabentry = &shtabstats->stats;
 
-	tabentry->numscans += lstats->counts.numscans;
-	if (lstats->counts.numscans)
+	if (anytime_only)
 	{
-		TimestampTz t = GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
 
-		if (t > tabentry->lastscan)
-			tabentry->lastscan = t;
+		/* Flush non-transactional statistics */
+		flush_relation_anytime_stats(tabentry, &lstats->counts, true);
+
+		pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+
+		/* Also update the corresponding fields in database stats */
+		dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
+		UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, &lstats->counts);
+
+		/*
+		 * Clear the flushed fields from pending stats to prevent
+		 * double-counting when we flush all fields at transaction boundary.
+		 */
+		lstats->counts.numscans = 0;
+		lstats->counts.tuples_returned = 0;
+		lstats->counts.tuples_fetched = 0;
+		lstats->counts.blocks_fetched = 0;
+		lstats->counts.blocks_hit = 0;
+
+		return true;
 	}
-	tabentry->tuples_returned += lstats->counts.tuples_returned;
-	tabentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->counts.tuples_fetched;
+
+	/* Flush non-transactional statistics */
+	flush_relation_anytime_stats(tabentry, &lstats->counts, false);
+
 	tabentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 	tabentry->tuples_updated += lstats->counts.tuples_updated;
 	tabentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->counts.tuples_deleted;
@@ -866,9 +927,6 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	 */
 	tabentry->ins_since_vacuum += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 
-	tabentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->counts.blocks_fetched;
-	tabentry->blocks_hit += lstats->counts.blocks_hit;
-
 	/* Clamp live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
 	tabentry->live_tuples = Max(tabentry->live_tuples, 0);
 	/* Likewise for dead_tuples */
@@ -878,13 +936,11 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 
 	/* The entry was successfully flushed, add the same to database stats */
 	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
-	dbentry->tuples_returned += lstats->counts.tuples_returned;
-	dbentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->counts.tuples_fetched;
+	UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, &lstats->counts);
+
 	dbentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 	dbentry->tuples_updated += lstats->counts.tuples_updated;
 	dbentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->counts.tuples_deleted;
-	dbentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->counts.blocks_fetched;
-	dbentry->blocks_hit += lstats->counts.blocks_hit;
 
 	return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
index c4614817966..43fec86c635 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
@@ -116,7 +116,8 @@ pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+							 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *localent;
 	PgStatShared_Subscription *shsubent;
@@ -126,6 +127,9 @@ pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anyti
 	localent = (PgStat_BackendSubEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shsubent = (PgStatShared_Subscription *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index ef856dbf55b..06639198f28 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "utils/backend_status.h"	/* for backward compatibility */	/* IWYU pragma: export */
 #include "utils/pgstat_kind.h"
 #include "utils/relcache.h"
+#include "utils/timeout.h"
 #include "utils/wait_event.h"	/* for backward compatibility */	/* IWYU pragma: export */
 
 
@@ -537,10 +538,11 @@ extern void pgstat_report_anytime_stat(bool force);
 extern void pgstat_force_next_flush(void);
 
 /*
- * Schedule the next anytime stats update timeout.
+ * Schedule the next anytime stats update timeout and mark that we have
+ * mixed anytime stats pending.
  *
  * This should be called whenever accumulating statistics that support
- * FLUSH_ANYTIME flushing mode.
+ * FLUSH_ANYTIME or FLUSH_MIXED flushing modes.
  */
 #define pgstat_schedule_anytime_update()												\
 	do {																				\
@@ -703,37 +705,58 @@ extern void pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 #define pgstat_count_heap_scan(rel)									\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.numscans++;					\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_heap_getnext(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_returned++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_heap_fetch(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_fetched++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_index_scan(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.numscans++;					\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_index_tuples(rel, n)							\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_returned += (n);		\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_buffer_read(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.blocks_fetched++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_buffer_hit(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.blocks_hit++;				\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 
 extern void pgstat_count_heap_insert(Relation rel, PgStat_Counter n);
diff --git a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
index 607f4255268..1a2114aad8a 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
@@ -322,8 +322,10 @@ typedef struct PgStat_KindInfo
 	 * that cannot use PgStat_EntryRef->pending.
 	 *
 	 * The anytime_only parameter indicates whether this is an anytime flush.
+	 * The is_partial parameter indicates whether this is a partial flush.
 	 */
-	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 
 	/*
 	 * For variable-numbered stats: delete pending stats. Optional.
@@ -757,7 +759,8 @@ extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
 
 extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_prep_database_pending(Oid dboid);
 extern void pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts);
-extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
@@ -765,7 +768,8 @@ extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, Time
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
  */
 
-extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_function_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
@@ -790,7 +794,8 @@ extern void AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool
 extern void AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 extern void PostPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 
-extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
 extern void pgstat_relation_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
@@ -858,7 +863,8 @@ extern void pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb(void);
  * Functions in pgstat_subscription.c
  */
 
-extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+										 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
index cfad309ccf3..11e3e57806d 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
@@ -2245,6 +2245,108 @@ seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum
 (1 row)
 
 
+starting permutation: s2_begin s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_off s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_on s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_table_drop s2_commit
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+------------------------
+                        
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_off: SET track_counts = off;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_on: SET track_counts = on;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       2|           2|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_table_drop: DROP TABLE test_stat_tab;
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+
 starting permutation: s1_track_counts_off s1_table_stats s1_track_counts_on
 pg_stat_force_next_flush
 ------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
index e1d937784cb..aef582e7582 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
@@ -2253,6 +2253,108 @@ seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum
 (1 row)
 
 
+starting permutation: s2_begin s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_off s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_on s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_table_drop s2_commit
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+------------------------
+                        
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_off: SET track_counts = off;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_on: SET track_counts = on;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       2|           2|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_table_drop: DROP TABLE test_stat_tab;
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+
 starting permutation: s1_track_counts_off s1_table_stats s1_track_counts_on
 pg_stat_force_next_flush
 ------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
index da16710da0f..47414eb6009 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
+++ b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ step s1_rollback { ROLLBACK; }
 step s1_prepare_a { PREPARE TRANSACTION 'a'; }
 step s1_commit_prepared_a { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s1_rollback_prepared_a { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
+# Has to be greater than session 2 stats_flush_interval
+step s1_sleep { SELECT pg_sleep(1.5); }
 
 # Function stats steps
 step s1_ff { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
@@ -132,12 +134,16 @@ step s1_slru_check_stats {
 
 
 session s2
-setup { SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none'; }
+setup {
+        SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none';
+        SET stats_flush_interval = '1s';
+}
 step s2_begin { BEGIN; }
 step s2_commit { COMMIT; }
 step s2_commit_prepared_a { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s2_rollback_prepared_a { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s2_ff { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
+step s2_table_drop { DROP TABLE test_stat_tab; }
 
 # Function stats steps
 step s2_track_funcs_all { SET track_functions = 'all'; }
@@ -156,6 +162,8 @@ step s2_func_stats {
 }
 
 # Relation stats steps
+step s2_track_counts_on { SET track_counts = on; }
+step s2_track_counts_off { SET track_counts = off; }
 step s2_table_select { SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value; }
 step s2_table_update_k1 { UPDATE test_stat_tab SET value = value + 1 WHERE key = 'k1';}
 
@@ -435,6 +443,23 @@ permutation
   s1_table_drop
   s1_table_stats
 
+### Check that some stats are updated (seq_scan and seq_tup_read)
+### while the transaction is still running
+permutation
+  s2_begin
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_track_counts_off
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_track_counts_on
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_table_drop
+  s2_commit
 
 ### Check that we don't count changes with track counts off, but allow access
 ### to prior stats
diff --git a/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c b/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
index 207e841911b..ffcda7b6c7a 100644
--- a/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
+++ b/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
@@ -84,7 +84,8 @@ static dsa_area *custom_stats_description_dsa = NULL;
 
 /* Flush callback: merge pending stats into shared memory */
 static bool test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref,
-												   bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+												   bool nowait, bool anytime_only,
+												   bool *is_partial);
 
 /* Serialization callback: write auxiliary entry data */
 static void test_custom_stats_var_to_serialized_data(const PgStat_HashKey *key,
@@ -152,7 +153,8 @@ _PG_init(void)
  * Returns false only if nowait=true and lock acquisition fails.
  */
 static bool
-test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									   bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_StatCustomVarEntry *pending_entry;
 	PgStatShared_CustomVarEntry *shared_entry;
@@ -160,6 +162,9 @@ test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
 	pending_entry = (PgStat_StatCustomVarEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shared_entry = (PgStatShared_CustomVarEntry *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
-- 
2.34.1


--OI5irqZsxWxBW9nT--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v9 5/5] Change RELATION and DATABASE stats to anytime flush
@ 2026-01-19 06:27  Bertrand Drouvot <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 7+ messages in thread

From: Bertrand Drouvot @ 2026-01-19 06:27 UTC (permalink / raw)

This commit allows mixing fields with different transaction behavior within
the same RELATION or DATABASE statistics kind: some fields are transactional
(e.g., tuple inserts/updates/deletes) while others are non-transactional
(e.g., sequential scans, blocks read).

It modifies the relation flush callback to handle the anytime_only parameter
introduced in commit <nnnn>.

Implementation details:

- Change RELATION from FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY to FLUSH_ANYTIME
- Change DATABASE from FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY to FLUSH_ANYTIME
- Add a is_partial parameter to flush_pending_cb() to be able to distinguish
partial flushes in pgstat_flush_pending_entries()
- Modify pgstat_relation_flush_cb() to handle anytime_only parameter: when
true, then flush only non-transactional stats and when false, then flush all
the stats. When set to true, it clears flushed fields from pending stats to
prevent double-counting at transaction boundary

DATABASE stats inherit the anytime flush behavior so that relation-derived
stats (tuples_returned, tuples_fetched, blocks_fetched, blocks_hit) are
visible while transactions are in progress.

Tests are added to verify the anytime flush behavior for mixed fields.
---
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml                  |  37 ++++++-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c           |  15 +--
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c  |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c  |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c  |  92 ++++++++++++----
 .../utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c      |   6 +-
 src/include/pgstat.h                          |  27 ++++-
 src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h           |  16 ++-
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out         | 102 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out       | 102 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec           |  27 ++++-
 .../test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c |   9 +-
 12 files changed, 404 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-)
  11.7% doc/src/sgml/
  26.8% src/backend/utils/activity/
   4.2% src/include/utils/
   5.4% src/include/
  45.1% src/test/isolation/expected/
   4.7% src/test/isolation/specs/

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index b77d189a500..f2321b631b0 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -3767,6 +3767,19 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
    </tgroup>
   </table>
 
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    Some statistics are updated while a transaction is in progress (for example,
+    <structfield>blks_read</structfield>, <structfield>blks_hit</structfield>,
+    <structfield>tup_returned</structfield> and <structfield>tup_fetched</structfield>).
+    Statistics that either do not depend on transactions or require transactional
+    consistency are updated only when the transaction ends. Statistics that require
+    transactional consistency include <structfield>xact_commit</structfield>,
+    <structfield>xact_rollback</structfield>, <structfield>tup_inserted</structfield>,
+    <structfield>tup_updated</structfield> and <structfield>tup_deleted</structfield>.
+   </para>
+  </note>
+
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2 id="monitoring-pg-stat-database-conflicts-view">
@@ -3956,8 +3969,8 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
        <structfield>last_seq_scan</structfield> <type>timestamp with time zone</type>
       </para>
       <para>
-       The time of the last sequential scan on this table, based on the
-       most recent transaction stop time
+       The approximate time of the last sequential scan on this table, updated
+       at least every <varname>stats_flush_interval</varname>
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 
@@ -3984,8 +3997,8 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
        <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield> <type>timestamp with time zone</type>
       </para>
       <para>
-       The time of the last index scan on this table, based on the
-       most recent transaction stop time
+       The approximate time of the last index scan on this table, updated
+       at least every <varname>stats_flush_interval</varname>
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 
@@ -4223,6 +4236,15 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
    </tgroup>
   </table>
 
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    The <structfield>seq_scan</structfield>, <structfield>last_seq_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>seq_tup_read</structfield>, <structfield>idx_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield> and <structfield>idx_tup_fetch</structfield>
+    are updated while the transactions are in progress.
+   </para>
+  </note>
+
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2 id="monitoring-pg-stat-all-indexes-view">
@@ -4404,6 +4426,13 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
     tuples (see <xref linkend="indexes-multicolumn"/>).
    </para>
   </note>
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    The <structfield>idx_scan</structfield>, <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>idx_tup_read</structfield> and <structfield>idx_tup_fetch</structfield>
+    are updated while the transactions are in progress.
+   </para>
+  </note>
   <tip>
    <para>
     <command>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</command> outputs the total number of index
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
index 578c575dbfb..273258a965a 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_builtin_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_BUILTIN_SIZE]
 
 		.fixed_amount = false,
 		.write_to_file = true,
-		.flush_mode = FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY,
+		.flush_mode = FLUSH_ANYTIME,
 		/* so pg_stat_database entries can be seen in all databases */
 		.accessed_across_databases = true,
 
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_builtin_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_BUILTIN_SIZE]
 
 		.fixed_amount = false,
 		.write_to_file = true,
-		.flush_mode = FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY,
+		.flush_mode = FLUSH_ANYTIME,
 
 		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Relation),
 		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Relation, stats),
@@ -1353,7 +1353,8 @@ pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
 /*
  * Flush out pending variable-numbered stats.
  *
- * If anytime_only is true, only flushes FLUSH_ANYTIME entries.
+ * If anytime_only is true, only flushes FLUSH_ANYTIME entries. For entries
+ * that support it, the callback may flush only non-transactional fields.
  * This is safe to call inside transactions.
  *
  * If anytime_only is false, flushes all entries.
@@ -1384,6 +1385,7 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		PgStat_Kind kind = key.kind;
 		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_get_kind_info(kind);
 		bool		did_flush;
+		bool		is_partial_flush = false;
 		dlist_node *next;
 
 		Assert(!kind_info->fixed_amount);
@@ -1404,7 +1406,8 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		}
 
 		/* flush the stats, if possible */
-		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait, anytime_only);
+		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait,
+												anytime_only, &is_partial_flush);
 
 		Assert(did_flush || nowait);
 
@@ -1414,8 +1417,8 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		else
 			next = NULL;
 
-		/* if successfully flushed, remove entry */
-		if (did_flush)
+		/* if successfull non-partial flush, remove entry */
+		if (did_flush && !is_partial_flush)
 			pgstat_delete_pending_entry(entry_ref);
 		else
 			have_pending = true;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
index 8e86df60461..59dd0790fd7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
@@ -435,7 +435,8 @@ pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStatShared_Database *sharedent;
 	PgStat_StatDBEntry *pendingent;
@@ -443,6 +444,9 @@ pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	pendingent = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	sharedent = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
index 5ba4958382f..44193c93fc7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
@@ -190,7 +190,8 @@ pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu, bool finalize)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_FunctionCounts *localent;
 	PgStatShared_Function *shfuncent;
@@ -200,6 +201,9 @@ pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	localent = (PgStat_FunctionCounts *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shfuncent = (PgStatShared_Function *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
index ae2952cae89..62363dacfe1 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
@@ -47,7 +47,19 @@ static void add_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info, int nest_lev
 static void ensure_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info);
 static void save_truncdrop_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans, bool is_drop);
 static void restore_truncdrop_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans);
+static void flush_relation_anytime_stats(PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry,
+										 PgStat_TableCounts *counts, bool anytime_only);
 
+/*
+ * Update database statistics with non-transactional stats.
+ */
+#define UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, counts)				\
+	do {															\
+		(dbentry)->tuples_returned += (counts)->tuples_returned;	\
+		(dbentry)->tuples_fetched += (counts)->tuples_fetched;		\
+		(dbentry)->blocks_fetched += (counts)->blocks_fetched;		\
+		(dbentry)->blocks_hit += (counts)->blocks_hit;				\
+	} while (0)
 
 /*
  * Copy stats between relations. This is used for things like REINDEX
@@ -789,6 +801,29 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(FullTransactionId fxid, uint16 info,
 		rec->tuples_inserted + rec->tuples_updated;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Helper function to flush non-transactional statistics.
+ */
+static void
+flush_relation_anytime_stats(PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry, PgStat_TableCounts *counts,
+							 bool anytime_only)
+{
+	TimestampTz t;
+
+	tabentry->numscans += counts->numscans;
+	if (counts->numscans)
+	{
+		t = anytime_only ? GetCurrentTimestamp() : GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
+		if (t > tabentry->lastscan)
+			tabentry->lastscan = t;
+	}
+
+	tabentry->tuples_returned += counts->tuples_returned;
+	tabentry->tuples_fetched += counts->tuples_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_fetched += counts->blocks_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_hit += counts->blocks_hit;
+}
+
 /*
  * Flush out pending stats for the entry
  *
@@ -797,9 +832,17 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(FullTransactionId fxid, uint16 info,
  *
  * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
  * entry when successfully flushing.
+ *
+ * If anytime_only is true, only non-transactional fields are flushed
+ * (numscans, tuples_returned, tuples_fetched, blocks_fetched, blocks_hit).
+ * Transactional fields remain pending until transaction boundary.
+ *
+ * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
+ * entry when successfully flushing.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	Oid			dboid;
 	PgStat_TableStatus *lstats; /* pending stats entry  */
@@ -807,12 +850,13 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;	/* table entry of shared stats */
 	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;	/* pending database entry */
 
-	Assert(!anytime_only);
-
 	dboid = entry_ref->shared_entry->key.dboid;
 	lstats = (PgStat_TableStatus *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shtabstats = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is a partial flush if in anytime only mode */
+	*is_partial = anytime_only;
+
 	/*
 	 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such as
 	 * indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
@@ -824,19 +868,36 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
-	/* add the values to the shared entry. */
 	tabentry = &shtabstats->stats;
 
-	tabentry->numscans += lstats->counts.numscans;
-	if (lstats->counts.numscans)
+	if (anytime_only)
 	{
-		TimestampTz t = GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
 
-		if (t > tabentry->lastscan)
-			tabentry->lastscan = t;
+		/* Flush non-transactional statistics */
+		flush_relation_anytime_stats(tabentry, &lstats->counts, true);
+
+		pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+
+		/* Also update the corresponding fields in database stats */
+		dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
+		UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, &lstats->counts);
+
+		/*
+		 * Clear the flushed fields from pending stats to prevent
+		 * double-counting when we flush all fields at transaction boundary.
+		 */
+		lstats->counts.numscans = 0;
+		lstats->counts.tuples_returned = 0;
+		lstats->counts.tuples_fetched = 0;
+		lstats->counts.blocks_fetched = 0;
+		lstats->counts.blocks_hit = 0;
+
+		return true;
 	}
-	tabentry->tuples_returned += lstats->counts.tuples_returned;
-	tabentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->counts.tuples_fetched;
+
+	/* Flush non-transactional statistics */
+	flush_relation_anytime_stats(tabentry, &lstats->counts, false);
+
 	tabentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 	tabentry->tuples_updated += lstats->counts.tuples_updated;
 	tabentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->counts.tuples_deleted;
@@ -866,9 +927,6 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	 */
 	tabentry->ins_since_vacuum += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 
-	tabentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->counts.blocks_fetched;
-	tabentry->blocks_hit += lstats->counts.blocks_hit;
-
 	/* Clamp live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
 	tabentry->live_tuples = Max(tabentry->live_tuples, 0);
 	/* Likewise for dead_tuples */
@@ -878,13 +936,11 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 
 	/* The entry was successfully flushed, add the same to database stats */
 	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
-	dbentry->tuples_returned += lstats->counts.tuples_returned;
-	dbentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->counts.tuples_fetched;
+	UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, &lstats->counts);
+
 	dbentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 	dbentry->tuples_updated += lstats->counts.tuples_updated;
 	dbentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->counts.tuples_deleted;
-	dbentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->counts.blocks_fetched;
-	dbentry->blocks_hit += lstats->counts.blocks_hit;
 
 	return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
index c4614817966..43fec86c635 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
@@ -116,7 +116,8 @@ pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+							 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *localent;
 	PgStatShared_Subscription *shsubent;
@@ -126,6 +127,9 @@ pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anyti
 	localent = (PgStat_BackendSubEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shsubent = (PgStatShared_Subscription *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index 7829c563316..87cbb539d7c 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "utils/backend_status.h"	/* for backward compatibility */	/* IWYU pragma: export */
 #include "utils/pgstat_kind.h"
 #include "utils/relcache.h"
+#include "utils/timeout.h"
 #include "utils/wait_event.h"	/* for backward compatibility */	/* IWYU pragma: export */
 
 
@@ -537,10 +538,11 @@ extern void pgstat_report_anytime_stat(bool force);
 extern void pgstat_force_next_flush(void);
 
 /*
- * Schedule the next anytime stats update timeout.
+ * Schedule the next anytime stats update timeout and mark that we have
+ * mixed anytime stats pending.
  *
  * This should be called whenever accumulating statistics that support
- * FLUSH_ANYTIME flushing mode.
+ * FLUSH_ANYTIME or FLUSH_MIXED flushing modes.
  */
 #define pgstat_schedule_anytime_update()												\
 	do {																				\
@@ -706,37 +708,58 @@ extern void pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 #define pgstat_count_heap_scan(rel)									\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.numscans++;					\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_heap_getnext(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_returned++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_heap_fetch(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_fetched++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_index_scan(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.numscans++;					\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_index_tuples(rel, n)							\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_returned += (n);		\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_buffer_read(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.blocks_fetched++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_buffer_hit(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.blocks_hit++;				\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 
 extern void pgstat_count_heap_insert(Relation rel, PgStat_Counter n);
diff --git a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
index 607f4255268..1a2114aad8a 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
@@ -322,8 +322,10 @@ typedef struct PgStat_KindInfo
 	 * that cannot use PgStat_EntryRef->pending.
 	 *
 	 * The anytime_only parameter indicates whether this is an anytime flush.
+	 * The is_partial parameter indicates whether this is a partial flush.
 	 */
-	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 
 	/*
 	 * For variable-numbered stats: delete pending stats. Optional.
@@ -757,7 +759,8 @@ extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
 
 extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_prep_database_pending(Oid dboid);
 extern void pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts);
-extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
@@ -765,7 +768,8 @@ extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, Time
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
  */
 
-extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_function_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
@@ -790,7 +794,8 @@ extern void AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool
 extern void AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 extern void PostPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 
-extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
 extern void pgstat_relation_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
@@ -858,7 +863,8 @@ extern void pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb(void);
  * Functions in pgstat_subscription.c
  */
 
-extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+										 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
index cfad309ccf3..11e3e57806d 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
@@ -2245,6 +2245,108 @@ seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum
 (1 row)
 
 
+starting permutation: s2_begin s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_off s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_on s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_table_drop s2_commit
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+------------------------
+                        
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_off: SET track_counts = off;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_on: SET track_counts = on;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       2|           2|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_table_drop: DROP TABLE test_stat_tab;
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+
 starting permutation: s1_track_counts_off s1_table_stats s1_track_counts_on
 pg_stat_force_next_flush
 ------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
index e1d937784cb..aef582e7582 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
@@ -2253,6 +2253,108 @@ seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum
 (1 row)
 
 
+starting permutation: s2_begin s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_off s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_on s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_table_drop s2_commit
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+------------------------
+                        
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_off: SET track_counts = off;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_on: SET track_counts = on;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       2|           2|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_table_drop: DROP TABLE test_stat_tab;
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+
 starting permutation: s1_track_counts_off s1_table_stats s1_track_counts_on
 pg_stat_force_next_flush
 ------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
index da16710da0f..47414eb6009 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
+++ b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ step s1_rollback { ROLLBACK; }
 step s1_prepare_a { PREPARE TRANSACTION 'a'; }
 step s1_commit_prepared_a { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s1_rollback_prepared_a { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
+# Has to be greater than session 2 stats_flush_interval
+step s1_sleep { SELECT pg_sleep(1.5); }
 
 # Function stats steps
 step s1_ff { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
@@ -132,12 +134,16 @@ step s1_slru_check_stats {
 
 
 session s2
-setup { SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none'; }
+setup {
+        SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none';
+        SET stats_flush_interval = '1s';
+}
 step s2_begin { BEGIN; }
 step s2_commit { COMMIT; }
 step s2_commit_prepared_a { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s2_rollback_prepared_a { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s2_ff { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
+step s2_table_drop { DROP TABLE test_stat_tab; }
 
 # Function stats steps
 step s2_track_funcs_all { SET track_functions = 'all'; }
@@ -156,6 +162,8 @@ step s2_func_stats {
 }
 
 # Relation stats steps
+step s2_track_counts_on { SET track_counts = on; }
+step s2_track_counts_off { SET track_counts = off; }
 step s2_table_select { SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value; }
 step s2_table_update_k1 { UPDATE test_stat_tab SET value = value + 1 WHERE key = 'k1';}
 
@@ -435,6 +443,23 @@ permutation
   s1_table_drop
   s1_table_stats
 
+### Check that some stats are updated (seq_scan and seq_tup_read)
+### while the transaction is still running
+permutation
+  s2_begin
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_track_counts_off
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_track_counts_on
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_table_drop
+  s2_commit
 
 ### Check that we don't count changes with track counts off, but allow access
 ### to prior stats
diff --git a/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c b/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
index 207e841911b..ffcda7b6c7a 100644
--- a/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
+++ b/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
@@ -84,7 +84,8 @@ static dsa_area *custom_stats_description_dsa = NULL;
 
 /* Flush callback: merge pending stats into shared memory */
 static bool test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref,
-												   bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+												   bool nowait, bool anytime_only,
+												   bool *is_partial);
 
 /* Serialization callback: write auxiliary entry data */
 static void test_custom_stats_var_to_serialized_data(const PgStat_HashKey *key,
@@ -152,7 +153,8 @@ _PG_init(void)
  * Returns false only if nowait=true and lock acquisition fails.
  */
 static bool
-test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									   bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_StatCustomVarEntry *pending_entry;
 	PgStatShared_CustomVarEntry *shared_entry;
@@ -160,6 +162,9 @@ test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
 	pending_entry = (PgStat_StatCustomVarEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shared_entry = (PgStatShared_CustomVarEntry *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
-- 
2.34.1


--aq/6bi8L6WORnI+9--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v10 5/5] Change RELATION and DATABASE stats to anytime flush
@ 2026-01-19 06:27  Bertrand Drouvot <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 7+ messages in thread

From: Bertrand Drouvot @ 2026-01-19 06:27 UTC (permalink / raw)

This commit allows mixing fields with different transaction behavior within
the same RELATION or DATABASE statistics kind: some fields are transactional
(e.g., tuple inserts/updates/deletes) while others are non-transactional
(e.g., sequential scans, blocks read).

It modifies the relation flush callback to handle the anytime_only parameter
introduced in commit <nnnn>.

Implementation details:

- Change RELATION from FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY to FLUSH_ANYTIME
- Change DATABASE from FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY to FLUSH_ANYTIME
- Add a is_partial parameter to flush_pending_cb() to be able to distinguish
partial flushes in pgstat_flush_pending_entries()
- Modify pgstat_relation_flush_cb() to handle anytime_only parameter: when
true, then flush only non-transactional stats and when false, then flush all
the stats. When set to true, it clears flushed fields from pending stats to
prevent double-counting at transaction boundary

DATABASE stats inherit the anytime flush behavior so that relation-derived
stats (tuples_returned, tuples_fetched, blocks_fetched, blocks_hit) are
visible while transactions are in progress.

Tests are added to verify the anytime flush behavior for mixed fields.
---
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml                  |  37 ++++++-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c           |  15 +--
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c  |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c  |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c  |  92 ++++++++++++----
 .../utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c      |   6 +-
 src/include/pgstat.h                          |  27 ++++-
 src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h           |  16 ++-
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out         | 102 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out       | 102 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec           |  27 ++++-
 .../test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c |   9 +-
 12 files changed, 404 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-)
  11.7% doc/src/sgml/
  26.8% src/backend/utils/activity/
   4.2% src/include/utils/
   5.4% src/include/
  45.1% src/test/isolation/expected/
   4.7% src/test/isolation/specs/

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index b77d189a500..f2321b631b0 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -3767,6 +3767,19 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
    </tgroup>
   </table>
 
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    Some statistics are updated while a transaction is in progress (for example,
+    <structfield>blks_read</structfield>, <structfield>blks_hit</structfield>,
+    <structfield>tup_returned</structfield> and <structfield>tup_fetched</structfield>).
+    Statistics that either do not depend on transactions or require transactional
+    consistency are updated only when the transaction ends. Statistics that require
+    transactional consistency include <structfield>xact_commit</structfield>,
+    <structfield>xact_rollback</structfield>, <structfield>tup_inserted</structfield>,
+    <structfield>tup_updated</structfield> and <structfield>tup_deleted</structfield>.
+   </para>
+  </note>
+
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2 id="monitoring-pg-stat-database-conflicts-view">
@@ -3956,8 +3969,8 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
        <structfield>last_seq_scan</structfield> <type>timestamp with time zone</type>
       </para>
       <para>
-       The time of the last sequential scan on this table, based on the
-       most recent transaction stop time
+       The approximate time of the last sequential scan on this table, updated
+       at least every <varname>stats_flush_interval</varname>
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 
@@ -3984,8 +3997,8 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
        <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield> <type>timestamp with time zone</type>
       </para>
       <para>
-       The time of the last index scan on this table, based on the
-       most recent transaction stop time
+       The approximate time of the last index scan on this table, updated
+       at least every <varname>stats_flush_interval</varname>
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 
@@ -4223,6 +4236,15 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
    </tgroup>
   </table>
 
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    The <structfield>seq_scan</structfield>, <structfield>last_seq_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>seq_tup_read</structfield>, <structfield>idx_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield> and <structfield>idx_tup_fetch</structfield>
+    are updated while the transactions are in progress.
+   </para>
+  </note>
+
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2 id="monitoring-pg-stat-all-indexes-view">
@@ -4404,6 +4426,13 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
     tuples (see <xref linkend="indexes-multicolumn"/>).
    </para>
   </note>
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    The <structfield>idx_scan</structfield>, <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>idx_tup_read</structfield> and <structfield>idx_tup_fetch</structfield>
+    are updated while the transactions are in progress.
+   </para>
+  </note>
   <tip>
    <para>
     <command>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</command> outputs the total number of index
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
index fd6ab0db16f..a8a905640d0 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_builtin_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_BUILTIN_SIZE]
 
 		.fixed_amount = false,
 		.write_to_file = true,
-		.flush_mode = FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY,
+		.flush_mode = FLUSH_ANYTIME,
 		/* so pg_stat_database entries can be seen in all databases */
 		.accessed_across_databases = true,
 
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_builtin_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_BUILTIN_SIZE]
 
 		.fixed_amount = false,
 		.write_to_file = true,
-		.flush_mode = FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY,
+		.flush_mode = FLUSH_ANYTIME,
 
 		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Relation),
 		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Relation, stats),
@@ -1354,7 +1354,8 @@ pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
 /*
  * Flush out pending variable-numbered stats.
  *
- * If anytime_only is true, only flushes FLUSH_ANYTIME entries.
+ * If anytime_only is true, only flushes FLUSH_ANYTIME entries. For entries
+ * that support it, the callback may flush only non-transactional fields.
  * This is safe to call inside transactions.
  *
  * If anytime_only is false, flushes all entries.
@@ -1385,6 +1386,7 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		PgStat_Kind kind = key.kind;
 		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_get_kind_info(kind);
 		bool		did_flush;
+		bool		is_partial_flush = false;
 		dlist_node *next;
 
 		Assert(!kind_info->fixed_amount);
@@ -1405,7 +1407,8 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		}
 
 		/* flush the stats, if possible */
-		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait, anytime_only);
+		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait,
+												anytime_only, &is_partial_flush);
 
 		Assert(did_flush || nowait);
 
@@ -1415,8 +1418,8 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		else
 			next = NULL;
 
-		/* if successfully flushed, remove entry */
-		if (did_flush)
+		/* if successfull non-partial flush, remove entry */
+		if (did_flush && !is_partial_flush)
 			pgstat_delete_pending_entry(entry_ref);
 		else
 			have_pending = true;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
index 8e86df60461..59dd0790fd7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
@@ -435,7 +435,8 @@ pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStatShared_Database *sharedent;
 	PgStat_StatDBEntry *pendingent;
@@ -443,6 +444,9 @@ pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	pendingent = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	sharedent = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
index 5ba4958382f..44193c93fc7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
@@ -190,7 +190,8 @@ pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu, bool finalize)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_FunctionCounts *localent;
 	PgStatShared_Function *shfuncent;
@@ -200,6 +201,9 @@ pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	localent = (PgStat_FunctionCounts *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shfuncent = (PgStatShared_Function *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
index ae2952cae89..62363dacfe1 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
@@ -47,7 +47,19 @@ static void add_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info, int nest_lev
 static void ensure_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info);
 static void save_truncdrop_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans, bool is_drop);
 static void restore_truncdrop_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans);
+static void flush_relation_anytime_stats(PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry,
+										 PgStat_TableCounts *counts, bool anytime_only);
 
+/*
+ * Update database statistics with non-transactional stats.
+ */
+#define UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, counts)				\
+	do {															\
+		(dbentry)->tuples_returned += (counts)->tuples_returned;	\
+		(dbentry)->tuples_fetched += (counts)->tuples_fetched;		\
+		(dbentry)->blocks_fetched += (counts)->blocks_fetched;		\
+		(dbentry)->blocks_hit += (counts)->blocks_hit;				\
+	} while (0)
 
 /*
  * Copy stats between relations. This is used for things like REINDEX
@@ -789,6 +801,29 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(FullTransactionId fxid, uint16 info,
 		rec->tuples_inserted + rec->tuples_updated;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Helper function to flush non-transactional statistics.
+ */
+static void
+flush_relation_anytime_stats(PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry, PgStat_TableCounts *counts,
+							 bool anytime_only)
+{
+	TimestampTz t;
+
+	tabentry->numscans += counts->numscans;
+	if (counts->numscans)
+	{
+		t = anytime_only ? GetCurrentTimestamp() : GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
+		if (t > tabentry->lastscan)
+			tabentry->lastscan = t;
+	}
+
+	tabentry->tuples_returned += counts->tuples_returned;
+	tabentry->tuples_fetched += counts->tuples_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_fetched += counts->blocks_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_hit += counts->blocks_hit;
+}
+
 /*
  * Flush out pending stats for the entry
  *
@@ -797,9 +832,17 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(FullTransactionId fxid, uint16 info,
  *
  * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
  * entry when successfully flushing.
+ *
+ * If anytime_only is true, only non-transactional fields are flushed
+ * (numscans, tuples_returned, tuples_fetched, blocks_fetched, blocks_hit).
+ * Transactional fields remain pending until transaction boundary.
+ *
+ * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
+ * entry when successfully flushing.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	Oid			dboid;
 	PgStat_TableStatus *lstats; /* pending stats entry  */
@@ -807,12 +850,13 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;	/* table entry of shared stats */
 	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;	/* pending database entry */
 
-	Assert(!anytime_only);
-
 	dboid = entry_ref->shared_entry->key.dboid;
 	lstats = (PgStat_TableStatus *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shtabstats = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is a partial flush if in anytime only mode */
+	*is_partial = anytime_only;
+
 	/*
 	 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such as
 	 * indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
@@ -824,19 +868,36 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
-	/* add the values to the shared entry. */
 	tabentry = &shtabstats->stats;
 
-	tabentry->numscans += lstats->counts.numscans;
-	if (lstats->counts.numscans)
+	if (anytime_only)
 	{
-		TimestampTz t = GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
 
-		if (t > tabentry->lastscan)
-			tabentry->lastscan = t;
+		/* Flush non-transactional statistics */
+		flush_relation_anytime_stats(tabentry, &lstats->counts, true);
+
+		pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+
+		/* Also update the corresponding fields in database stats */
+		dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
+		UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, &lstats->counts);
+
+		/*
+		 * Clear the flushed fields from pending stats to prevent
+		 * double-counting when we flush all fields at transaction boundary.
+		 */
+		lstats->counts.numscans = 0;
+		lstats->counts.tuples_returned = 0;
+		lstats->counts.tuples_fetched = 0;
+		lstats->counts.blocks_fetched = 0;
+		lstats->counts.blocks_hit = 0;
+
+		return true;
 	}
-	tabentry->tuples_returned += lstats->counts.tuples_returned;
-	tabentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->counts.tuples_fetched;
+
+	/* Flush non-transactional statistics */
+	flush_relation_anytime_stats(tabentry, &lstats->counts, false);
+
 	tabentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 	tabentry->tuples_updated += lstats->counts.tuples_updated;
 	tabentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->counts.tuples_deleted;
@@ -866,9 +927,6 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	 */
 	tabentry->ins_since_vacuum += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 
-	tabentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->counts.blocks_fetched;
-	tabentry->blocks_hit += lstats->counts.blocks_hit;
-
 	/* Clamp live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
 	tabentry->live_tuples = Max(tabentry->live_tuples, 0);
 	/* Likewise for dead_tuples */
@@ -878,13 +936,11 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 
 	/* The entry was successfully flushed, add the same to database stats */
 	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
-	dbentry->tuples_returned += lstats->counts.tuples_returned;
-	dbentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->counts.tuples_fetched;
+	UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, &lstats->counts);
+
 	dbentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 	dbentry->tuples_updated += lstats->counts.tuples_updated;
 	dbentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->counts.tuples_deleted;
-	dbentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->counts.blocks_fetched;
-	dbentry->blocks_hit += lstats->counts.blocks_hit;
 
 	return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
index 6b6eec7578d..bb32782a9d3 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
@@ -117,7 +117,8 @@ pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+							 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *localent;
 	PgStatShared_Subscription *shsubent;
@@ -127,6 +128,9 @@ pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anyti
 	localent = (PgStat_BackendSubEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shsubent = (PgStatShared_Subscription *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index 90237c70829..d26ff26e3e3 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "utils/backend_status.h"	/* for backward compatibility */	/* IWYU pragma: export */
 #include "utils/pgstat_kind.h"
 #include "utils/relcache.h"
+#include "utils/timeout.h"
 #include "utils/wait_event.h"	/* for backward compatibility */	/* IWYU pragma: export */
 
 
@@ -536,10 +537,11 @@ extern void pgstat_report_anytime_stat(bool force);
 extern void pgstat_force_next_flush(void);
 
 /*
- * Schedule the next anytime stats update timeout.
+ * Schedule the next anytime stats update timeout and mark that we have
+ * mixed anytime stats pending.
  *
  * This should be called whenever accumulating statistics that support
- * FLUSH_ANYTIME flushing mode.
+ * FLUSH_ANYTIME or FLUSH_MIXED flushing modes.
  */
 #define pgstat_schedule_anytime_update()												\
 	do {																				\
@@ -705,37 +707,58 @@ extern void pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 #define pgstat_count_heap_scan(rel)									\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.numscans++;					\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_heap_getnext(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_returned++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_heap_fetch(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_fetched++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_index_scan(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.numscans++;					\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_index_tuples(rel, n)							\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_returned += (n);		\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_buffer_read(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.blocks_fetched++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_buffer_hit(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.blocks_hit++;				\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 
 extern void pgstat_count_heap_insert(Relation rel, PgStat_Counter n);
diff --git a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
index 607f4255268..1a2114aad8a 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
@@ -322,8 +322,10 @@ typedef struct PgStat_KindInfo
 	 * that cannot use PgStat_EntryRef->pending.
 	 *
 	 * The anytime_only parameter indicates whether this is an anytime flush.
+	 * The is_partial parameter indicates whether this is a partial flush.
 	 */
-	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 
 	/*
 	 * For variable-numbered stats: delete pending stats. Optional.
@@ -757,7 +759,8 @@ extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
 
 extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_prep_database_pending(Oid dboid);
 extern void pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts);
-extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
@@ -765,7 +768,8 @@ extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, Time
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
  */
 
-extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_function_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
@@ -790,7 +794,8 @@ extern void AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool
 extern void AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 extern void PostPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 
-extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
 extern void pgstat_relation_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
@@ -858,7 +863,8 @@ extern void pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb(void);
  * Functions in pgstat_subscription.c
  */
 
-extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+										 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
index cfad309ccf3..11e3e57806d 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
@@ -2245,6 +2245,108 @@ seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum
 (1 row)
 
 
+starting permutation: s2_begin s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_off s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_on s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_table_drop s2_commit
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+------------------------
+                        
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_off: SET track_counts = off;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_on: SET track_counts = on;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       2|           2|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_table_drop: DROP TABLE test_stat_tab;
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+
 starting permutation: s1_track_counts_off s1_table_stats s1_track_counts_on
 pg_stat_force_next_flush
 ------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
index e1d937784cb..aef582e7582 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
@@ -2253,6 +2253,108 @@ seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum
 (1 row)
 
 
+starting permutation: s2_begin s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_off s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_on s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_table_drop s2_commit
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+------------------------
+                        
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_off: SET track_counts = off;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_on: SET track_counts = on;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       2|           2|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_table_drop: DROP TABLE test_stat_tab;
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+
 starting permutation: s1_track_counts_off s1_table_stats s1_track_counts_on
 pg_stat_force_next_flush
 ------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
index da16710da0f..47414eb6009 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
+++ b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ step s1_rollback { ROLLBACK; }
 step s1_prepare_a { PREPARE TRANSACTION 'a'; }
 step s1_commit_prepared_a { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s1_rollback_prepared_a { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
+# Has to be greater than session 2 stats_flush_interval
+step s1_sleep { SELECT pg_sleep(1.5); }
 
 # Function stats steps
 step s1_ff { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
@@ -132,12 +134,16 @@ step s1_slru_check_stats {
 
 
 session s2
-setup { SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none'; }
+setup {
+        SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none';
+        SET stats_flush_interval = '1s';
+}
 step s2_begin { BEGIN; }
 step s2_commit { COMMIT; }
 step s2_commit_prepared_a { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s2_rollback_prepared_a { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s2_ff { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
+step s2_table_drop { DROP TABLE test_stat_tab; }
 
 # Function stats steps
 step s2_track_funcs_all { SET track_functions = 'all'; }
@@ -156,6 +162,8 @@ step s2_func_stats {
 }
 
 # Relation stats steps
+step s2_track_counts_on { SET track_counts = on; }
+step s2_track_counts_off { SET track_counts = off; }
 step s2_table_select { SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value; }
 step s2_table_update_k1 { UPDATE test_stat_tab SET value = value + 1 WHERE key = 'k1';}
 
@@ -435,6 +443,23 @@ permutation
   s1_table_drop
   s1_table_stats
 
+### Check that some stats are updated (seq_scan and seq_tup_read)
+### while the transaction is still running
+permutation
+  s2_begin
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_track_counts_off
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_track_counts_on
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_table_drop
+  s2_commit
 
 ### Check that we don't count changes with track counts off, but allow access
 ### to prior stats
diff --git a/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c b/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
index e9f1bda6b32..59f531df5f7 100644
--- a/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
+++ b/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
@@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ static dsa_area *custom_stats_description_dsa = NULL;
 
 /* Flush callback: merge pending stats into shared memory */
 static bool test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref,
-												   bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+												   bool nowait, bool anytime_only,
+												   bool *is_partial);
 
 /* Serialization callback: write auxiliary entry data */
 static void test_custom_stats_var_to_serialized_data(const PgStat_HashKey *key,
@@ -153,7 +154,8 @@ _PG_init(void)
  * Returns false only if nowait=true and lock acquisition fails.
  */
 static bool
-test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									   bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_StatCustomVarEntry *pending_entry;
 	PgStatShared_CustomVarEntry *shared_entry;
@@ -161,6 +163,9 @@ test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
 	pending_entry = (PgStat_StatCustomVarEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shared_entry = (PgStatShared_CustomVarEntry *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
-- 
2.34.1


--NVvBxFuyV/R+1/8/--





^ permalink  raw  reply  [nested|flat] 7+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v11 5/5] Change RELATION and DATABASE stats to anytime flush
@ 2026-01-19 06:27  Bertrand Drouvot <[email protected]>
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 7+ messages in thread

From: Bertrand Drouvot @ 2026-01-19 06:27 UTC (permalink / raw)

This commit allows mixing fields with different transaction behavior within
the same RELATION or DATABASE statistics kind: some fields are transactional
(e.g., tuple inserts/updates/deletes) while others are non-transactional
(e.g., sequential scans, blocks read).

It modifies the relation flush callback to handle the anytime_only parameter
introduced in commit <nnnn>.

Implementation details:

- Change RELATION from FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY to FLUSH_ANYTIME
- Change DATABASE from FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY to FLUSH_ANYTIME
- Add a is_partial parameter to flush_pending_cb() to be able to distinguish
partial flushes in pgstat_flush_pending_entries()
- Modify pgstat_relation_flush_cb() to handle anytime_only parameter: when
true, then flush only non-transactional stats and when false, then flush all
the stats. When set to true, it clears flushed fields from pending stats to
prevent double-counting at transaction boundary

DATABASE stats inherit the anytime flush behavior so that relation-derived
stats (tuples_returned, tuples_fetched, blocks_fetched, blocks_hit) are
visible while transactions are in progress.

Tests are added to verify the anytime flush behavior for mixed fields.
---
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml                  |  37 ++++++-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c           |  15 +--
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c  |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c  |   6 +-
 src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c  |  92 ++++++++++++----
 .../utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c      |   6 +-
 src/include/pgstat.h                          |  27 ++++-
 src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h           |  16 ++-
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out         | 102 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out       | 102 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec           |  27 ++++-
 .../test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c |   9 +-
 12 files changed, 404 insertions(+), 41 deletions(-)
  11.7% doc/src/sgml/
  26.8% src/backend/utils/activity/
   4.2% src/include/utils/
   5.4% src/include/
  45.1% src/test/isolation/expected/
   4.7% src/test/isolation/specs/

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index b77d189a500..f2321b631b0 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -3767,6 +3767,19 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
    </tgroup>
   </table>
 
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    Some statistics are updated while a transaction is in progress (for example,
+    <structfield>blks_read</structfield>, <structfield>blks_hit</structfield>,
+    <structfield>tup_returned</structfield> and <structfield>tup_fetched</structfield>).
+    Statistics that either do not depend on transactions or require transactional
+    consistency are updated only when the transaction ends. Statistics that require
+    transactional consistency include <structfield>xact_commit</structfield>,
+    <structfield>xact_rollback</structfield>, <structfield>tup_inserted</structfield>,
+    <structfield>tup_updated</structfield> and <structfield>tup_deleted</structfield>.
+   </para>
+  </note>
+
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2 id="monitoring-pg-stat-database-conflicts-view">
@@ -3956,8 +3969,8 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
        <structfield>last_seq_scan</structfield> <type>timestamp with time zone</type>
       </para>
       <para>
-       The time of the last sequential scan on this table, based on the
-       most recent transaction stop time
+       The approximate time of the last sequential scan on this table, updated
+       at least every <varname>stats_flush_interval</varname>
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 
@@ -3984,8 +3997,8 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
        <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield> <type>timestamp with time zone</type>
       </para>
       <para>
-       The time of the last index scan on this table, based on the
-       most recent transaction stop time
+       The approximate time of the last index scan on this table, updated
+       at least every <varname>stats_flush_interval</varname>
       </para></entry>
      </row>
 
@@ -4223,6 +4236,15 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
    </tgroup>
   </table>
 
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    The <structfield>seq_scan</structfield>, <structfield>last_seq_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>seq_tup_read</structfield>, <structfield>idx_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield> and <structfield>idx_tup_fetch</structfield>
+    are updated while the transactions are in progress.
+   </para>
+  </note>
+
  </sect2>
 
  <sect2 id="monitoring-pg-stat-all-indexes-view">
@@ -4404,6 +4426,13 @@ description | Waiting for a newly initialized WAL file to reach durable storage
     tuples (see <xref linkend="indexes-multicolumn"/>).
    </para>
   </note>
+  <note>
+   <para>
+    The <structfield>idx_scan</structfield>, <structfield>last_idx_scan</structfield>,
+    <structfield>idx_tup_read</structfield> and <structfield>idx_tup_fetch</structfield>
+    are updated while the transactions are in progress.
+   </para>
+  </note>
   <tip>
    <para>
     <command>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</command> outputs the total number of index
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
index fd6ab0db16f..a8a905640d0 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat.c
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_builtin_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_BUILTIN_SIZE]
 
 		.fixed_amount = false,
 		.write_to_file = true,
-		.flush_mode = FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY,
+		.flush_mode = FLUSH_ANYTIME,
 		/* so pg_stat_database entries can be seen in all databases */
 		.accessed_across_databases = true,
 
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ static const PgStat_KindInfo pgstat_kind_builtin_infos[PGSTAT_KIND_BUILTIN_SIZE]
 
 		.fixed_amount = false,
 		.write_to_file = true,
-		.flush_mode = FLUSH_AT_TXN_BOUNDARY,
+		.flush_mode = FLUSH_ANYTIME,
 
 		.shared_size = sizeof(PgStatShared_Relation),
 		.shared_data_off = offsetof(PgStatShared_Relation, stats),
@@ -1354,7 +1354,8 @@ pgstat_delete_pending_entry(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref)
 /*
  * Flush out pending variable-numbered stats.
  *
- * If anytime_only is true, only flushes FLUSH_ANYTIME entries.
+ * If anytime_only is true, only flushes FLUSH_ANYTIME entries. For entries
+ * that support it, the callback may flush only non-transactional fields.
  * This is safe to call inside transactions.
  *
  * If anytime_only is false, flushes all entries.
@@ -1385,6 +1386,7 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		PgStat_Kind kind = key.kind;
 		const PgStat_KindInfo *kind_info = pgstat_get_kind_info(kind);
 		bool		did_flush;
+		bool		is_partial_flush = false;
 		dlist_node *next;
 
 		Assert(!kind_info->fixed_amount);
@@ -1405,7 +1407,8 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		}
 
 		/* flush the stats, if possible */
-		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait, anytime_only);
+		did_flush = kind_info->flush_pending_cb(entry_ref, nowait,
+												anytime_only, &is_partial_flush);
 
 		Assert(did_flush || nowait);
 
@@ -1415,8 +1418,8 @@ pgstat_flush_pending_entries(bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
 		else
 			next = NULL;
 
-		/* if successfully flushed, remove entry */
-		if (did_flush)
+		/* if successfull non-partial flush, remove entry */
+		if (did_flush && !is_partial_flush)
 			pgstat_delete_pending_entry(entry_ref);
 		else
 			have_pending = true;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
index 8e86df60461..59dd0790fd7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_database.c
@@ -435,7 +435,8 @@ pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStatShared_Database *sharedent;
 	PgStat_StatDBEntry *pendingent;
@@ -443,6 +444,9 @@ pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	pendingent = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	sharedent = (PgStatShared_Database *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
index 5ba4958382f..44193c93fc7 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_function.c
@@ -190,7 +190,8 @@ pgstat_end_function_usage(PgStat_FunctionCallUsage *fcu, bool finalize)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_FunctionCounts *localent;
 	PgStatShared_Function *shfuncent;
@@ -200,6 +201,9 @@ pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	localent = (PgStat_FunctionCounts *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shfuncent = (PgStatShared_Function *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
index ae2952cae89..62363dacfe1 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_relation.c
@@ -47,7 +47,19 @@ static void add_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info, int nest_lev
 static void ensure_tabstat_xact_level(PgStat_TableStatus *pgstat_info);
 static void save_truncdrop_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans, bool is_drop);
 static void restore_truncdrop_counters(PgStat_TableXactStatus *trans);
+static void flush_relation_anytime_stats(PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry,
+										 PgStat_TableCounts *counts, bool anytime_only);
 
+/*
+ * Update database statistics with non-transactional stats.
+ */
+#define UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, counts)				\
+	do {															\
+		(dbentry)->tuples_returned += (counts)->tuples_returned;	\
+		(dbentry)->tuples_fetched += (counts)->tuples_fetched;		\
+		(dbentry)->blocks_fetched += (counts)->blocks_fetched;		\
+		(dbentry)->blocks_hit += (counts)->blocks_hit;				\
+	} while (0)
 
 /*
  * Copy stats between relations. This is used for things like REINDEX
@@ -789,6 +801,29 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(FullTransactionId fxid, uint16 info,
 		rec->tuples_inserted + rec->tuples_updated;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Helper function to flush non-transactional statistics.
+ */
+static void
+flush_relation_anytime_stats(PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry, PgStat_TableCounts *counts,
+							 bool anytime_only)
+{
+	TimestampTz t;
+
+	tabentry->numscans += counts->numscans;
+	if (counts->numscans)
+	{
+		t = anytime_only ? GetCurrentTimestamp() : GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
+		if (t > tabentry->lastscan)
+			tabentry->lastscan = t;
+	}
+
+	tabentry->tuples_returned += counts->tuples_returned;
+	tabentry->tuples_fetched += counts->tuples_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_fetched += counts->blocks_fetched;
+	tabentry->blocks_hit += counts->blocks_hit;
+}
+
 /*
  * Flush out pending stats for the entry
  *
@@ -797,9 +832,17 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(FullTransactionId fxid, uint16 info,
  *
  * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
  * entry when successfully flushing.
+ *
+ * If anytime_only is true, only non-transactional fields are flushed
+ * (numscans, tuples_returned, tuples_fetched, blocks_fetched, blocks_hit).
+ * Transactional fields remain pending until transaction boundary.
+ *
+ * Some of the stats are copied to the corresponding pending database stats
+ * entry when successfully flushing.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+						 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	Oid			dboid;
 	PgStat_TableStatus *lstats; /* pending stats entry  */
@@ -807,12 +850,13 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;	/* table entry of shared stats */
 	PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;	/* pending database entry */
 
-	Assert(!anytime_only);
-
 	dboid = entry_ref->shared_entry->key.dboid;
 	lstats = (PgStat_TableStatus *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shtabstats = (PgStatShared_Relation *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is a partial flush if in anytime only mode */
+	*is_partial = anytime_only;
+
 	/*
 	 * Ignore entries that didn't accumulate any actual counts, such as
 	 * indexes that were opened by the planner but not used.
@@ -824,19 +868,36 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
-	/* add the values to the shared entry. */
 	tabentry = &shtabstats->stats;
 
-	tabentry->numscans += lstats->counts.numscans;
-	if (lstats->counts.numscans)
+	if (anytime_only)
 	{
-		TimestampTz t = GetCurrentTransactionStopTimestamp();
 
-		if (t > tabentry->lastscan)
-			tabentry->lastscan = t;
+		/* Flush non-transactional statistics */
+		flush_relation_anytime_stats(tabentry, &lstats->counts, true);
+
+		pgstat_unlock_entry(entry_ref);
+
+		/* Also update the corresponding fields in database stats */
+		dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
+		UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, &lstats->counts);
+
+		/*
+		 * Clear the flushed fields from pending stats to prevent
+		 * double-counting when we flush all fields at transaction boundary.
+		 */
+		lstats->counts.numscans = 0;
+		lstats->counts.tuples_returned = 0;
+		lstats->counts.tuples_fetched = 0;
+		lstats->counts.blocks_fetched = 0;
+		lstats->counts.blocks_hit = 0;
+
+		return true;
 	}
-	tabentry->tuples_returned += lstats->counts.tuples_returned;
-	tabentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->counts.tuples_fetched;
+
+	/* Flush non-transactional statistics */
+	flush_relation_anytime_stats(tabentry, &lstats->counts, false);
+
 	tabentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 	tabentry->tuples_updated += lstats->counts.tuples_updated;
 	tabentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->counts.tuples_deleted;
@@ -866,9 +927,6 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 	 */
 	tabentry->ins_since_vacuum += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 
-	tabentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->counts.blocks_fetched;
-	tabentry->blocks_hit += lstats->counts.blocks_hit;
-
 	/* Clamp live_tuples in case of negative delta_live_tuples */
 	tabentry->live_tuples = Max(tabentry->live_tuples, 0);
 	/* Likewise for dead_tuples */
@@ -878,13 +936,11 @@ pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_o
 
 	/* The entry was successfully flushed, add the same to database stats */
 	dbentry = pgstat_prep_database_pending(dboid);
-	dbentry->tuples_returned += lstats->counts.tuples_returned;
-	dbentry->tuples_fetched += lstats->counts.tuples_fetched;
+	UPDATE_DATABASE_ANYTIME_STATS(dbentry, &lstats->counts);
+
 	dbentry->tuples_inserted += lstats->counts.tuples_inserted;
 	dbentry->tuples_updated += lstats->counts.tuples_updated;
 	dbentry->tuples_deleted += lstats->counts.tuples_deleted;
-	dbentry->blocks_fetched += lstats->counts.blocks_fetched;
-	dbentry->blocks_hit += lstats->counts.blocks_hit;
 
 	return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
index 6b6eec7578d..bb32782a9d3 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/activity/pgstat_subscription.c
@@ -117,7 +117,8 @@ pgstat_fetch_stat_subscription(Oid subid)
  * false without flushing the entry.  Otherwise returns true.
  */
 bool
-pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+							 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_BackendSubEntry *localent;
 	PgStatShared_Subscription *shsubent;
@@ -127,6 +128,9 @@ pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anyti
 	localent = (PgStat_BackendSubEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shsubent = (PgStatShared_Subscription *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	/* localent always has non-zero content */
 
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index 90237c70829..d26ff26e3e3 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "utils/backend_status.h"	/* for backward compatibility */	/* IWYU pragma: export */
 #include "utils/pgstat_kind.h"
 #include "utils/relcache.h"
+#include "utils/timeout.h"
 #include "utils/wait_event.h"	/* for backward compatibility */	/* IWYU pragma: export */
 
 
@@ -536,10 +537,11 @@ extern void pgstat_report_anytime_stat(bool force);
 extern void pgstat_force_next_flush(void);
 
 /*
- * Schedule the next anytime stats update timeout.
+ * Schedule the next anytime stats update timeout and mark that we have
+ * mixed anytime stats pending.
  *
  * This should be called whenever accumulating statistics that support
- * FLUSH_ANYTIME flushing mode.
+ * FLUSH_ANYTIME or FLUSH_MIXED flushing modes.
  */
 #define pgstat_schedule_anytime_update()												\
 	do {																				\
@@ -705,37 +707,58 @@ extern void pgstat_report_analyze(Relation rel,
 #define pgstat_count_heap_scan(rel)									\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.numscans++;					\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_heap_getnext(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_returned++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_heap_fetch(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_fetched++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_index_scan(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.numscans++;					\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_index_tuples(rel, n)							\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.tuples_returned += (n);		\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_buffer_read(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.blocks_fetched++;			\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 #define pgstat_count_buffer_hit(rel)								\
 	do {															\
 		if (pgstat_should_count_relation(rel))						\
+		{															\
 			(rel)->pgstat_info->counts.blocks_hit++;				\
+			pgstat_schedule_anytime_update();						\
+		}															\
 	} while (0)
 
 extern void pgstat_count_heap_insert(Relation rel, PgStat_Counter n);
diff --git a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
index 607f4255268..1a2114aad8a 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/pgstat_internal.h
@@ -322,8 +322,10 @@ typedef struct PgStat_KindInfo
 	 * that cannot use PgStat_EntryRef->pending.
 	 *
 	 * The anytime_only parameter indicates whether this is an anytime flush.
+	 * The is_partial parameter indicates whether this is a partial flush.
 	 */
-	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+	bool		(*flush_pending_cb) (PgStat_EntryRef *sr, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 
 	/*
 	 * For variable-numbered stats: delete pending stats. Optional.
@@ -757,7 +759,8 @@ extern void AtEOXact_PgStat_Database(bool isCommit, bool parallel);
 
 extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_prep_database_pending(Oid dboid);
 extern void pgstat_reset_database_timestamp(Oid dboid, TimestampTz ts);
-extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_database_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
@@ -765,7 +768,8 @@ extern void pgstat_database_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, Time
  * Functions in pgstat_function.c
  */
 
-extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_function_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_function_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
@@ -790,7 +794,8 @@ extern void AtEOSubXact_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state, bool
 extern void AtPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 extern void PostPrepare_PgStat_Relations(PgStat_SubXactStatus *xact_state);
 
-extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_relation_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_relation_delete_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref);
 extern void pgstat_relation_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
@@ -858,7 +863,8 @@ extern void pgstat_wal_snapshot_cb(void);
  * Functions in pgstat_subscription.c
  */
 
-extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+extern bool pgstat_subscription_flush_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+										 bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial);
 extern void pgstat_subscription_reset_timestamp_cb(PgStatShared_Common *header, TimestampTz ts);
 
 
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
index cfad309ccf3..11e3e57806d 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats.out
@@ -2245,6 +2245,108 @@ seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum
 (1 row)
 
 
+starting permutation: s2_begin s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_off s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_on s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_table_drop s2_commit
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+------------------------
+                        
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_off: SET track_counts = off;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_on: SET track_counts = on;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       2|           2|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_table_drop: DROP TABLE test_stat_tab;
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+
 starting permutation: s1_track_counts_off s1_table_stats s1_track_counts_on
 pg_stat_force_next_flush
 ------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
index e1d937784cb..aef582e7582 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
+++ b/src/test/isolation/expected/stats_1.out
@@ -2253,6 +2253,108 @@ seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum
 (1 row)
 
 
+starting permutation: s2_begin s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_off s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_track_counts_on s2_table_select s1_sleep s1_table_stats s2_table_drop s2_commit
+pg_stat_force_next_flush
+------------------------
+                        
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_begin: BEGIN;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_off: SET track_counts = off;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       1|           1|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_track_counts_on: SET track_counts = on;
+step s2_table_select: SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value;
+key|value
+---+-----
+k0 |    1
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_sleep: SELECT pg_sleep(1.5);
+pg_sleep
+--------
+        
+(1 row)
+
+step s1_table_stats: 
+    SELECT
+        pg_stat_get_numscans(tso.oid) AS seq_scan,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_returned(tso.oid) AS seq_tup_read,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_inserted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_ins,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_updated(tso.oid) AS n_tup_upd,
+        pg_stat_get_tuples_deleted(tso.oid) AS n_tup_del,
+        pg_stat_get_live_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_live_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_dead_tuples(tso.oid) AS n_dead_tup,
+        pg_stat_get_vacuum_count(tso.oid) AS vacuum_count
+    FROM test_stat_oid AS tso
+    WHERE tso.name = 'test_stat_tab'
+
+seq_scan|seq_tup_read|n_tup_ins|n_tup_upd|n_tup_del|n_live_tup|n_dead_tup|vacuum_count
+--------+------------+---------+---------+---------+----------+----------+------------
+       2|           2|        1|        0|        0|         1|         0|           0
+(1 row)
+
+step s2_table_drop: DROP TABLE test_stat_tab;
+step s2_commit: COMMIT;
+
 starting permutation: s1_track_counts_off s1_table_stats s1_track_counts_on
 pg_stat_force_next_flush
 ------------------------
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
index da16710da0f..47414eb6009 100644
--- a/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
+++ b/src/test/isolation/specs/stats.spec
@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ step s1_rollback { ROLLBACK; }
 step s1_prepare_a { PREPARE TRANSACTION 'a'; }
 step s1_commit_prepared_a { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s1_rollback_prepared_a { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
+# Has to be greater than session 2 stats_flush_interval
+step s1_sleep { SELECT pg_sleep(1.5); }
 
 # Function stats steps
 step s1_ff { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
@@ -132,12 +134,16 @@ step s1_slru_check_stats {
 
 
 session s2
-setup { SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none'; }
+setup {
+        SET stats_fetch_consistency = 'none';
+        SET stats_flush_interval = '1s';
+}
 step s2_begin { BEGIN; }
 step s2_commit { COMMIT; }
 step s2_commit_prepared_a { COMMIT PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s2_rollback_prepared_a { ROLLBACK PREPARED 'a'; }
 step s2_ff { SELECT pg_stat_force_next_flush(); }
+step s2_table_drop { DROP TABLE test_stat_tab; }
 
 # Function stats steps
 step s2_track_funcs_all { SET track_functions = 'all'; }
@@ -156,6 +162,8 @@ step s2_func_stats {
 }
 
 # Relation stats steps
+step s2_track_counts_on { SET track_counts = on; }
+step s2_track_counts_off { SET track_counts = off; }
 step s2_table_select { SELECT * FROM test_stat_tab ORDER BY key, value; }
 step s2_table_update_k1 { UPDATE test_stat_tab SET value = value + 1 WHERE key = 'k1';}
 
@@ -435,6 +443,23 @@ permutation
   s1_table_drop
   s1_table_stats
 
+### Check that some stats are updated (seq_scan and seq_tup_read)
+### while the transaction is still running
+permutation
+  s2_begin
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_track_counts_off
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_track_counts_on
+  s2_table_select
+  s1_sleep
+  s1_table_stats
+  s2_table_drop
+  s2_commit
 
 ### Check that we don't count changes with track counts off, but allow access
 ### to prior stats
diff --git a/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c b/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
index e9f1bda6b32..59f531df5f7 100644
--- a/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
+++ b/src/test/modules/test_custom_stats/test_custom_var_stats.c
@@ -85,7 +85,8 @@ static dsa_area *custom_stats_description_dsa = NULL;
 
 /* Flush callback: merge pending stats into shared memory */
 static bool test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref,
-												   bool nowait, bool anytime_only);
+												   bool nowait, bool anytime_only,
+												   bool *is_partial);
 
 /* Serialization callback: write auxiliary entry data */
 static void test_custom_stats_var_to_serialized_data(const PgStat_HashKey *key,
@@ -153,7 +154,8 @@ _PG_init(void)
  * Returns false only if nowait=true and lock acquisition fails.
  */
 static bool
-test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait, bool anytime_only)
+test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
+									   bool anytime_only, bool *is_partial)
 {
 	PgStat_StatCustomVarEntry *pending_entry;
 	PgStatShared_CustomVarEntry *shared_entry;
@@ -161,6 +163,9 @@ test_custom_stats_var_flush_pending_cb(PgStat_EntryRef *entry_ref, bool nowait,
 	pending_entry = (PgStat_StatCustomVarEntry *) entry_ref->pending;
 	shared_entry = (PgStatShared_CustomVarEntry *) entry_ref->shared_stats;
 
+	/* this is not a partial flush */
+	*is_partial = false;
+
 	if (!pgstat_lock_entry(entry_ref, nowait))
 		return false;
 
-- 
2.34.1


--2MEBAGW8+kohXisi--





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Thread overview: 7+ messages (download: mbox mbox.gz follow: Atom feed)
-- links below jump to the message on this page --
2019-06-18 06:59 [PATCH v1] wip-fix-hash-key-computation Andres Freund <[email protected]>
2026-01-19 06:27 [PATCH v11 5/5] Change RELATION and DATABASE stats to anytime flush Bertrand Drouvot <[email protected]>
2026-01-19 06:27 [PATCH v7 5/5] Change RELATION and DATABASE stats to anytime flush Bertrand Drouvot <[email protected]>
2026-01-19 06:27 [PATCH v6 5/5] Change RELATION and DATABASE stats to anytime flush Bertrand Drouvot <[email protected]>
2026-01-19 06:27 [PATCH v8 5/5] Change RELATION and DATABASE stats to anytime flush Bertrand Drouvot <[email protected]>
2026-01-19 06:27 [PATCH v9 5/5] Change RELATION and DATABASE stats to anytime flush Bertrand Drouvot <[email protected]>
2026-01-19 06:27 [PATCH v10 5/5] Change RELATION and DATABASE stats to anytime flush Bertrand Drouvot <[email protected]>

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